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Impact of Organized Crime on the Press Freedom: Comparison of Mexico and Colombia
Horák, Benjamin ; Krausz Hladká, Malvína (advisor) ; Soukup, Jaromír (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with selected elements of organized crime and its impact on the freedom of the press. The thesis aims to confirm or refute the hypothesis that organized crime impacts press freedom using a qualitative comparative case study analysis of selected countries. As mentioned above, organized crime is such a complex concept that it is essential to define the specific actors or elements of this criminal activity. This paper focuses on selected actors, which are organized criminal groups - drug cartels and corruption as an element of organized crime. The research questions the thesis seeks to answer are "How do drug cartels affect the freedom of the press?" and "How does corruption affect press freedom?". If the hypothesis is confirmed, the author will seek to answer the additional sub-question, "How do Mexico and Colombia approach the impact of organized crime on press freedom?". The results of the thesis confirm the hypothesis and conclude that organized crime impacts press freedom. The two specific sources of this influence, i.e., drug cartels and corruption, affect press freedom mainly through extensive violence against journalists, thus having a systematic and long-term negative impact on their security. Another means of influence is undermining the state's capacity and...
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Private-law limitations of the freedom of expression in media with respect to the case-law: comparative study of the Czech and German legal regulation
Kočicová, Věra ; Šustek, Petr (advisor) ; Hendrychová, Michaela (referee)
The purpose of my thesis is to analyse private law limitations of freedom of expression in media with respect to case-law. The study focuses on the limitations of freedom of expression in relation to natural persons. Since the aim of the study is to compare the Czech and German legal regulation, particular emphasis is put on the comparative method. I tried to evaluate legal regulations in both countries, to what extent they overlap, what they have in common and what they differ in, or alternatively to what degree they can inspire each other. Besides introduction and conclusion, the study consists of four chapters. The first chapter is subdivided into two parts. Part one describes media, their basic definition and characteristics, as well as their role and function in the jurisprudence. Part two deals with the definition, constitutional protection and classification of the "communication" fundamental rights and freedoms - freedom of expression, right to information and freedom of the press (media). Chapter two focuses on the protection of personal rights in the media context. Part one examines their importance and constitutional protection, part two describes specific individual personal rights, and part three illustrates the postmortal protection of personal rights. Chapter three presents the...
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Develop in press in Itali 1943-1956
Kučerová, Monika ; Köpplová, Barbara (advisor) ; Cebe, Jan (referee)
The bachelor thesis titled "Development of Printed Media in Italy in the Years 1943-1950" is an analysis of the historical conditions of media publishing in Italy after the defeat of fascism. It is an attempt to reconstruct the main events that took place in printed media, particularly newspaper, in the period after the fall of fascism and the end of the Second World War. The thesis maps the relationship between the media and political and economic power. It discusses the system of printed media and who and under what conditions could work as a journalist at that time. There is also a description of the methods used for the organisation of journalists. The thesis starts with a brief historical overview of the social situation in the era of the beginning, rise and fall of the totalitarian regime. After the defeat of fascism and Nazism, Italy was facing the difficult task of dealing with its own past and establishing new rules. The attempt to cleanse the society and media (known as the "purification of journalism") was a long and complicated process. The thesis aims to determine what topics were the journalists focusing on and what was the basis of their discussions. The post-war period, ending with the success of Christian Democrats in the election, was the beginning of a new stage of political development...
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The Pentagon Papers: From reality and news to film adaptations and film reviews
Hejduk, Adam ; Novotný, David Jan (advisor) ; Doležal, Aleš (referee)
The bachelor's thesis entitled "The Pentagon Papers Affair - From Reality and Newspaper News to Movie Adaptation and Film Reviews" offers a detailed description of the so-called Pentagon Papers affair, which consisted of the publication of a secret government study on US involvement in the Vietnam War in the leading American press. To better understand the causes of this affair, the work describes the historical context of the Cold and Vietnam War. The process by which the secret study reached the front pages of The New York Times, The Washington Post and many others American newspapers is illustrated by the life of Daniel Ellsberg, who worked for the US government for a long time and became the first whistleblower by stealing and publishing the secret study. The work also analyzes the image created by the Czechoslovak press about the affair, specifically by Rudé právo, which used the affair for communist propaganda for the ruling Communist Party. The content of the work is also a dramaturgical analysis of the latest film adaptation of this affair, the Movie The Post from 2017, and its authenticity is assessed in terms of the depiction of main characters and compliance with real historical events. Briefly, the work also deals with the analysis of the evaluation of this film, both from the...
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The freedom of speech 2.0-the concept of freedom of speech among current Czech journalists
Ostrá, Alžběta ; Jirků, Jan (advisor) ; Miessler, Jan (referee)
Master's thesis entitled Freedom of the Speech 2.0 - the concept of freedom of speech among current Czech journalists deals with the latest concept of the freedom of speech phenomenon in the Czech media environment, specifically in the periodical press. The context of freedom of speech is explored both from sociological and philosophical perspective, as well as the legal restrictions that regulates the freedom of expression in the Czech media. Emphasis is placed on the role of the press in a democratic society and the need for freedom of speech for its proper functioning. This paper also deals with the factors influencing journalistic autonomy and the phenomenon of self-censorship as a significant restriction of freedom of expression. The work offers a current analyses of freedom of speech according to the non-profit organizations: Freedom House and Reporters Without Borders. It also focuses on recent cases related to the influencing of Czech media content by its owners. The research presents the opinions of 10 established Czech journalists and confirms the assumptions of a number of foreign media researchers, which is that economic entities such as advertisers or media partners, and journalists themselves, are the most important restricting factors of freedom of speech.
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Political and Civic Rights in Cuba in the light of Political Dialogue and Cooperation Agreement between Cuba and the European Union
Chamrádová, Adéla ; Krausz Hladká, Malvína (advisor) ; Knutelská, Viera (referee)
8. 5. 2019 Abstract Diploma thesis Political and Civic Rights in Cuba in the light of the Political Dialogue and Cooperation Agreement between Cuba and the European Union Adéla Chamrádová Institute of Political Science Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, Charles University 2018/2019 This diploma thesis is dealing with the compliance of human rights in Cuba related to the Political Dialogue and Cooperation Agreement that Cuba has concluded with the European Union at the end of 2016. Every EU's trade, cooperation or political dialogue agreement with third states has to contain a so-called human rights clause. This clause guarantees that both sides comply with human rights, democracy and the rule of law principles. The objective of my thesis is, therefore, to investigate if Cuba has indeed made a progress in the area of human rights under the influence of this treaty. I focus on political and civic rights, as Cuba continues to be criticized by the international community for their long-term violation. The subject of my research will be freedom of expression and thought and right to peaceful assembly and association.
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The Fight for the Freedom of Speech: Baden and German Liberalism in the 1830s
Návojová, Kateřina ; Kučera, Rudolf (advisor) ; Emler, David (referee)
This master thesis examines the political and particular media situation in 1832, with the stress on spreading the liberal ideas and their attempt to influence the public via one typical German journal for this period. Over six months, there was an extraordinary situation in Baden, when the censorship was restricted and suddenly there arose, for this period, unexpected possibilities for journalists. As a reaction to reduction of censorship, the journal Der Freisinnige was established. Although its existence was short-lived, manifestation of liberal values and reflection of contemporary opinions is evident. This journal was more important and powerful than any other because of the cooperation with one of the main initiators of liberalism, Karl von Rotteck, who was also active in politics. This connection of two roles was very powerful. Freedom of speech, understood as one of the major liberal demands, allowed the practical promotion of liberal ideas among citizens. This case study pays attention to this particular year, within the political inclinations and tendencies over the period 1815-1832 of the Grand Duchy of Baden and former German Confederation. There were clear connections to the events in the first third of the nineteen century, that made the short-time fall of censorship happen. At the...
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The reflection of the conditions for the journalists in Morocco
Dvořáková, Petra ; Moravec, Václav (advisor) ; Jirků, Jan (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to describe the current conditions for journalists in Morocco based on the theoretical background of journalism in the country as well as personal interviews with journalists. Specifically, this thesis is focused on the methods by which the Moroccan state restricts journalism and media. The theoretical part is divided into three chapters. In the first, I describe the historical and social context of today's situation. In the second, I cover regulatory legislation as it pertains to journalism and the media. In the final chapter, I detail the various restrictions troubling journalists, not just from legislation but also from financial pressure and government surveillance of individuals. This paper focuses primarily on journalism conditions in Morocco during the past ten years, but I also took into account prior hallmark periods, selecting King Hassan II's authoritative reign as a point of comparison for the current situation journalists face. In the practical part of this paper I present the topic more widely, through a qualitative analysis of the personal testimonies of Moroccan journalists, and I take into account the questions of media quality and the education of journalists. The practical part includes three case studies of foreign journalists, who have been forbidden...
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The reflection of the conditions for the journalists in Morocco
Dvořáková, Petra ; Moravec, Václav (advisor) ; Jirků, Jan (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to describe the current conditions for journalists in Morocco based on the theoretical background of journalism in the country as well as personal interviews with journalists. This thesis is focused especially on media regulation by the state. Apart from regulatory legislation I also cover the problem of the surveillance of journalists and influencing the media through advertiser manipulation. Though this paper focuses primarily on journalism conditions in Morocco during the past ten years, I also took into account prior hallmark periods, selecting King Hassan II's authoritative reign as a point of comparison for the current situation journalists face. In the practical part of this paper I present the topic more widely, thanks to personal testimonies of Moroccan journalists, and I take into account also the questions of media quality and the education of journalists. The practical part is a qualitative, diverse sample presenting the points of view of journalists from official state media as well as from independent platforms. To inform on the issue of the expulsion of foreign journalists, I present the stories of two foreign journalists as well. I also use my personal experience in Morocco to frame the thesis with a historical-social context. In the summary I compare...
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Comparison of the Media Environment in Hong Kong and Singapore
Cápová, Michaela ; Klvaňa, Tomáš (advisor) ; Cebe, Jan (referee)
This master thesis deals with the current situation of the media environment in two selected countries from the Southeast Asia region - Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, and Singapore. The main object of the text is to create a descriptive analysis of Hong Kong's and Singapore's political and media systems and to compare the media environment of the two countries with a special focus on the freedom of the media. The comparison is based on the definition of their political systems, their constitutions and how they are respected, as well as on data published by international nongovernmental organizations focusing on the freedom of the press and the freedom of the speech. All findings will be illustrated with examples from Hong Kong and Singapore. The work is divided into four chapters. The first theoretical part defines basic terms and indexes, which measure the freedom of the press, as well as outlines the concept of Asian values and the concept of civil society. The descriptive section provides a brief summary of the history and political systems of both countries and introduces their constitutions, laws and power of political leaders. The third part of the thesis concentrates on the media environment of both countries and the role of local media. The...
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