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Methods used by pedagogues in the kindergarten for facilitating children's adaptation process.
Ježková, Jitka ; Hanyš Holemá, Irena (advisor) ; Koťátková, Soňa (referee)
The paper examines the topic of the adaptation process of children starting at kindergarten. It generally focuses on methods and procedures used in adaptation processes that aim to facilitate children's adaptation. Theoretical findings relate to the adaptation process of preschool children. Qualitative research is then carried out. The theoretical part describes the developmental specifics of the preschool period. These are essential for understanding the behavior, experiences, and needs of preschool children. The role of the kindergarten institution and its influence on the child is mentioned, as well as the principle of adaptation itself. Adaptation is a significant change and stress, and for its successful progression (and the child's further life), the correct setting of the individual adaptation process is crucial. In this perspective, a large part is devoted not only to the role and experiences of a child but also to the influence of parents or lecturers in kindergarten. Qualitative research in the form of semi-structured interviews with respondents (kindergarten lecturers) has been carried out in this paper. The main goal of the research is primarily to reveal the methods and procedures that kindergarten lecturers use to improve the course of the children's adaptation process. The emphasis...
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The ACFS assessment approach and its use in different cultures
Šetková, Lucie ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (advisor) ; Rázgová, Lenka (referee)
This thesis deals with the assessment approach called the Application of Cognitive Functions Scale (ACFS) and the possibilities of its use in the Czech Republic and in other cultures. The theoretical part first briefly introduces the principles of dynamic testing, and then focuses on the ACFS assessment approach, the examination process and the subscales on which the child is evaluated. The thesis further analyses the possibilities of using ACFS for both diagnostic and research purposes. Last but not least, it will provide insight into several surveys from diverse cultural backgrounds made using ACFS. The thesis also includes a research proposal, which aims to verify the validity of ACFS as a tool for diagnosing school maturity.
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Diagnostic of school maturity of children with impaired communication ability
Beránková, Adéla ; Komorná, Marie (advisor) ; Kotvová, Miroslava (referee)
This thesis deals with the issue of school readiness of children with speech difficulties in the preschool period. The theoretical part of the thesis describes in detail the areas of preschool child development, as well as communication of the preschool child, school maturity and readiness, and diagnosis of school maturity and readiness. In the practical part of the thesis, qualitative research is conducted using a diagnostic method to assess school maturity in children with impaired communication skills who are awaiting entry into primary school. Subsequently, individual speech and language therapy interventions are designed for those children who, based on the results of the assessment, are ready to enter primary school. The aim of the work is to contribute to a better understanding of the issue of school readiness of children with impaired communication skills and to provide practical tools to support the communication skills of these children in preparation for entry into primary school. The design of the speech therapy intervention serves as a complement to home practice before starting primary school. KEYWORDS Preschool period, communication skills, impaired communication ability, school readiness, school maturity, diagnostics.
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Visual motor coordination training for preschool children
Buřilová, Markéta ; Vařeková, Jitka (advisor) ; Křivánková, Markéta (referee)
Title: Visual motor coordination training for preschool children Objectives: To create and implement 3-month program Owl and subsequently evaluate its impact on school maturity, visual attention and final motor skills in preschool children. Methods: Mixed research in the form of a quasi-experiment was realized on a group of 26 children aged 5-7 years from kindergarten in Prague, divided into an intervention (n=13) and comparative (np=13) group. Intervention in the intervention group consisted of participation in 10-20 minutes sessions once a week, focused on visuomotor coordination: eye gymnastics followed by rhymes, elements from the Feldenkrais method, games and exercises focused on attention and eye-hand coordination. These exercises were then repeated 2-3 times a week with the teachers. Data collection was done in the form of an initial anamnestic questionnaire and a pre/post-test containing: MABC-2 part of manual dexterity, School maturity orientation test and Visual attention test. Finally, a feedback questionnaire was given to the teachers of the intervention class in the kindergarten. Data were processed by program Statistica and Microsoft Excel. Results: After the programme, the intervention group improved statistically significantly in visual attention but not in fine motor skills and...
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Transitional objects amongst children
JANEČKOVÁ, Kristina
Bachelor thesis focuses on transitional objects amongst children. The purpose of this thesis is to explore and to describe what types of transitional objects children possess, how long do they own the object and whether they possess more than one object in a given period. Next subject of research is the description of emotivity and behaviour in connection to transitional object. Bachelor thesis is divided into two sections, theoretical part and experimental part. Theoretical part consists of description of transitional object and its significance for child´s mental development, developmental specifics of preschool period, importance of pretend play and last but not least, influence of parenting on transitional object attachment. Experimental part consists of own research and its interpretation. Research sample is created from mothers and teachers of preschool aged children. Chosen data collection method is semi-structured interviews with respondents, that is afterwards analysed by qualitative approach. In the final part, there are stated options for other possible research.
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Training of communication skills with pre-school kids with intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorders in the first year in kindergarten
PAĎOUKOVÁ, Kateřina
The bachelor's thesis deals with the issue of communication a child with ASD and intellectual disability. The aim of the work is to reveal the current ways of communication for the child with ASD and intellectual disability entering the kindergarten and to set a suitable way of communication for the child. The partial goal is then to verify the functionality and suitability of the selected technique and to map the practice the childs communication . The work is divided into three parts - theoretical part, methodology and practical part. The theoretical part contains four chapters. The first chapter deals with the field of autism. It describes the basic characteristics of autism, manifestations, etiology and various types of autism. The second chapter deals with the intellectual disability, terminology, etiology, classification and manifestations in combination with autism. The third chapter deals with the issue of autism and intellectual disability in the preschool period. The last chapter of the theoretical part of the thesis deals with communication skills. The practical part of the work contains set goals and research questions. The research methodology is also described. A qualitative method of research is chosen for the research, specifically the design of a case study. The technique of observation, semi-structured interviews and document analysis was used as a method of data collection. The research survey includes a case study a child who meets the set criteria. The case study shows the chosen comunication methods of a child with autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability and presents communication training with the child.
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Posibilities of movement predispositions in preschool children
Vostárek, Miloš ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Čechovská, Irena (referee)
Title: Posibilities of movement predispositions in preschool children Objectives: The aim of the work is to compare the kindergartens on the basis of the information obtained from the respondent sof the selected kindergartens, to select the one that has the best prerequisites for the physical development of children and to develop a suitable programme within the framework of the evaluation. Methods: Direct questioning was used as the method and the responses were entered into a rekord sheet and then processed. The interview took place in the environment of selected Prague kindergartens. Results: The results of the work showed that the biggest problems were the size of the premises, the low number of hours of psysical activities and the small number of teachers present during the activities. The creativity of the educators proved to be quiet extensive. The content of their lessons is quite broad. Keywords: kindergarten, movement, development, preschool, motor skills, abilities, skills
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Influence of family and kindergarten on reading comprehension and literacy development of preschool children
Prchalová, Dagmar ; Klumparová, Štěpánka (advisor) ; Hník, Ondřej (referee)
The Master Degree Thesis focuses on the issue of pre-reading literacy and ways of its possible development in childhood. Its starting point is the fact that time devoted to reading aloud to children as well as encouraging them in playing with books is vital for their development and should be an inseparable part of a language learning process. The Thesis points at the imporant role of parents as well as kindergarten teachers in the process. Project "Every Czech Reads to Kids" is introduced. The aim of the last chapter is to show the educational process in the field of pre-reading literacy in particular Czech kindergartens. Role of parents is discussed, too.
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