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Analysis of the Special Relationship between the USA and Great Britain from the Clinton to the Trump Administrations
Veliký, Samuel ; Soukup, Jaromír (advisor) ; Ditrych, Ondřej (referee)
This thesis, entitled "Analysis of the special relationship between the US and the UK from the Clinton administration to the Trump administration", aims to provide a comprehensive overview of this Anglo-American alliance, in the mentioned period. The work is anchored on the concept of the concept of "special relationship", which has established itself in political practice to describe the political, diplomatic, cultural, economic, military and historical relations between the United Kingdom and the United States. The first opportunity for this concept to become popular was after it was used in a speech in 1946 by the British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, who tried to ensure Anglo-American cooperation in the post-war period. From that moment on, this unofficial term serves to describe transatlantic cooperation between the two nations, across all regions. This transatlantic cooperation did not end during the Cold War, but on the contrary, the two states were able to cooperate very closely in averting the communist threat. The thesis focuses primarily on the analysis of relations in the period after President Clinton took office as President of the United States, looking at how the Anglo-American alliance developed in the period after the end of the Cold War. In the next part of the work, it is...
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Sino-US-Russia Relations during the Second Term of the Presidency of Barack Obama
Literáková, Adéla ; Raška, Francis (advisor) ; Szobi, Pavel (referee)
The second term of the presidency of Barack Obama was an active phase of interactions among Russia, the United States, and China. At that time, many issues came up to be able to shake the international situation (e.g., the rise of ISIS, the South China Sea issue, the THAAD, TPP, Ukrainian crisis). The author selected four issues (trade, counterterrorism, the South China Sea issue, the THAAD) to analyze how the states were interacting among themselves (Russia-US, US-China, China-Russia) and how it influenced the international order. Two basic international theories will be applied - realism and liberalism (offensive realism, neo-liberal institutionalism, economic interdependency, and theory of triangle) to understand the interactions and discuss them.
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Presidential Directives as Instrument of President's Obama Policy-Making
Bui Thuy, Hanh ; Sehnálková, Jana (advisor) ; Hornát, Jan (referee)
The recent usage of presidential directives by President Barack Obama and President Donald Trump initiated debates around limits of presidential power. Research on the presidential power has shown lack of focus on the presidential directives, misinterpretation and wrong terminology which resulted in false accusations of presidential overreach and abuse of power. This thesis argues that the political gridlock and increasing passivity of Congress have contributed to a shift between the executive and legislative power of government. This thesis will trace the extent to which Congress has become resistant to pass two of the key priorities of President Obama's political agenda - immigration reform and gun regulation, after which the President had to act on the issues unilaterally. The main aim of the thesis is to show that presidential directives of President Obama were not issued in a vacuum and that there were debates, persuasion and negotiations preceding the executive actions in an attempt to advance President's agenda in a form of bipartisan legislation rather than unilateral presidential directive.
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Foreign Policy of Obama's and Trump's Administration towards Turkey
Kučera, Jakub ; Calda, Miloš (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
This bachelor's thesis deals with the comparison of Barack Obama's and Donald Trump's policies towards Turkey in the context of the current crisis in the relationship with United States. The aim of the thesis is to answer the question of whether the policies of the two presidents were coherent and how the possible differences are reflected in today's deteriorating relations. The work focuses on three areas: cooperation inside NATO, the Kurdish minority issue, and the transformation of the domestic political situation in Turkey. The thesis argues that despite a different general approach to foreign policy, the concrete steps taken by both Presidents towards Turkey do not differ significantly. Obama's disillusionment with the perception of the U.S.-Turkey relationship as a model partnership has considerably changed his own policy in the second term. Within NATO, Trump followed up on Obama's policy towards Turkey through the support of the missile defense system and the ongoing use of US military facilities inside Turkey. The Kurdish question represents the most critical point in the relationship. Trump has so far supported Kurdish cooperation to the same extent as Obama, but recent agreements with Erdoğan may lead to a change in his approach and to a consequent improvement in relations. The different attitude...
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Engagement of Obama's Administration in the Syrian Civil War
Prouza, Tadeáš ; Bečka, Jan (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
The Master Thesis Engagement of Obama's Administration in the Syrian Civil War is dealing with the role of the United States in the conflict. This work studies the approach of Obama's administration toward the situation in country from the beginning of the revolution until the end of president's second tenure. It analyzes the development of this approach and key events that influenced its shape. The thesis is divided into three parts. The first is dealing with the background of the crisis, historical development of relations between the US and Syria and the broader context of Obama's Middle East policy. The second part analyzes specific period of time between the start of the revolution until 2014. It follows key events that had profound effect on the inner dynamics of the conflict and phenomenon that were shaping the situation in Syria, like the rising influence of the radicals among the opposition. It also analyzes in detail the chemical attack in Ghouta from 2013, which almost led Washington to direct intervention and is regarded as one of the most important events in Obama's foreign policy. The third part is dealing with the rise of the Islamic State (ISIS) and American-led intervention against this terrorist organization. The thesis was written with the help of different sources such as...
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The Approach of the Bush and Obama Administration to Fighting Terrorism in Afghanistan
Mikšovská, Kristýna ; Hornát, Jan (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
The Bachelor's thesis deals with the changes of the U.S. counterterrorism strategy during the presidency of George W. Bush and Barack Obama. The main purpose is to compare the pre-emption strategy with the diplomatic one, regarding the fight against terrorism. After the 11/9/2001 attacks, the threat of terrorism became the number one priority to all U.S. federal institutions responsible for ensuring security. The terrorist organization responsible for the events of 9/11 was Al-Qaeda, therefore it's activity is main subject for this analysis. Since then, the American counterterrorism strategy went through major changes and during the analysed period it went through further development. The text records mainly the period of 2001 - 2015. The main sources are doctrinal documents published frequently by each administration, and legislation released as a response to 9/11. The conclusion tries to evaluate, which part or parts of counter-terrorism strategy of each president were different from their rhetoric and whose approach was more convenient. Keywords counterterrorism, president, Bush, Obama, Afghanistan, security, threat, Al- Qaeda
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The U.S.-Japan Alliance: Key Building Stone of Obama's Pivot to Asia?
Srpová, Laura ; Sehnálková, Jana (advisor) ; Bečka, Jan (referee)
The thesis deals with the impact of the Obama administration's foreign policy strategy of rebalancing to Asia and its implications for the U.S. - Japan security alliance. The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the success in meeting the goals of rebalancing to Asia, taking into account the implications for the U.S. - Japan security alliance. In my thesis I focus mainly on the evaluation of the strategy and its goals, and analysis of the inner and outer challenges to the alliance. Finally, the thesis also analyzes the key documents of the U.S. - Japan alliance, which are the Guidelines for U.S. - Japan Defense Cooperation and the U.S. National Security Strategy from the year 2015. In the conclusion, I claim that Obama's strategy of rebalancing to Asia was only partially successful, whereas the majority of goals were not met because of the difficult domestic political and economic situation of both allies. Another reason for the partial success of the rebalance strategy were the unfavorable international circumstances, which distracted the United States and forced it to focus its financial and political resources to other regions of the world.
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Analysis: Was Barack H. Obama more peacemaker than George W. Bush?
Kučera, Pavel ; Pondělíček, Jiří (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
Barack Obama's election to the presidential office in 2009 for many people from the United States and abroad was a promise of a change in US foreign policy, which, in the reign of his predecessor George W. Bush, was too discredited by a military campaign to Iraq. Weapons of mass destruction, which were the official rationale for an attack on the regime of Saddam Hussein, were, according to many, only a cover for violent US "export of democracy" and increased influence in the oil-rich region. In the US, however, a year ago President Barack Obama left the highest office and was replaced by Donald Trump. And it is time to evaluate whether and how Obama fulfilled his determination to exert America from the "never-ending" conflict in Iraq and Afghanistan, caused - by Obama's words - by his predecessor George W. Bush, who was perceived as a "gunman" in the eyes of a substantial part of the US but also of the world public and never went far to approve the bombing during his presidency. At the same time, however, Barrack Obama's critics often say that his image of the peacemaker is just a chimera, as Obama was no better than his predecessor, and he earned the Nobel Peace Prize undeservedly. And when we make a very simple comparison of the number of countries that both presidents have ordered to bomb, we...
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Foreign policy of Obama administration towards Iran
Rudyšar, Rudolf ; Raška, Francis (advisor) ; Karásek, Tomáš (referee)
The master thesis' main goal is to analytically evaluate Obama's policy towards Iran in the context of the process of rapprochement between the two countries. In this context, the issue of relations with key US allies (specifically Israel and Saudi Arabia), with regard to the possibility of the United States enforcing its security interests in the region, regardless of their allies is especially important. The thesis is divided into 5 parts. The first part puts up theoretical framework using the approach of realism that is later used to analyze important aspects of the discused problém. The second chapter describes current development in the area in the context of recent waves of instability in the MENA region. The third chapter describes in detail the context of Iran nuclear program its development in recent years and most importantly the nuclear deal that was struck in the middle of the year 2015. Chapter four analyzes U.S. policy approaches in the discussed time period in the context of its important alliances and also in the context of the recent development in the region. The last chapter thoroughly examines how significant were the geopolitical changes and changes in relations between the United States and Iran and also how much influence did these changes have regarding the alliances with...
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The transfer of (im)politeness in interpreting
Kavínová, Martina ; Jettmarová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Ott, Libor (referee)
While the linguistic concept of politeness has been thoroughly analyzed, the same does not apply to its interpreting. The present theoretical-empirical work describes the means for expressing politeness grouped by G. Leechʼs maxims of politeness. The empirical part analyzes recordings of simultaneous interpretation from media and European Parliament settings. This is a quantitative study and the outcome is the number of means for expressing politeness which the interpreters conveyed into Czech. On average and in all of the material 65,7 % of means for expressing politeness were conveyed into Czech in compliance with the maxims. The means analyzed are prosody, non-verbal communication, modality, personal reference, etc. An equivalent interpretation of means of politeness was deemed desirable. The thesis verifies the hypothesis whether the level of politeness significantly increased in comparison with the original speeches. Key words: politeness, pragmatics, illocutionary act, maxims of politeness, face, modality, prosody, non- verbal communication, Czech, English, interpreting, equivalence, US presidential debate, Obama, Romney, Common Agricultural Policy, European Parliament, Catherine Ashton, forms of address
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