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Media Literacy of Older Adults with a Focus on Fake News and their Recognition
Švehláková, Žaneta ; Dostálová, Vladimíra (advisor) ; Vronský, Jiří (referee)
The thesis focuses on the area of media literacy of the older adults. Media literacy of older adults relates to the current issue of fake news and their identification. The aim of the thesis is to analyze the preferences and media use of a group of older adults and to identify the ability of older adults to recognize fake news. A secondary aim of the research findings is to establish recommendations for practice, particularly in education of older adults. The thesis focuses on the periodization of old age and the definition of the term older adult. Furthermore, it focuses on the area of media literacy of older adults especially in relation to fake news. Key factors affecting media literacy of older adults, such as changes in cognitive functions or social life in old age, are reflected. Emphasis is placed on identifying the targets of fake news and the reasons for its dissemination. The thesis presents a definition of fake news and then discusses selected types of fake news, namely misinformation, misinformation, hoaxes and conspiracy theories. The relationship of older adults to fake news, and their knowledge of the phenomenon, is presented. The thesis offers an overview of the key features or principles helping to identify fake news, serving as a basic orientation for their identification. It also...
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Disinformation, conspiracy theories, media manipulation and social work in the Czech Republic
HOLÁTOVÁ, Marie
The study deals with the issue of misinformation, conspiracy theories and media manipulation in connection with the elderly, from the perspective of social workers who work with them. The theoretical part includes the definition of the terms disinformation, conspiracy theory, hoax, fake news, manipulation and propaganda. It also focuses on seniors, the media and media literacy. The practical part explores the resilience of seniors to media manipulation and how media literacy or illiteracy manifests itself in seniors, as well as whether social workers have received media literacy training and whether they themselves feel media literate.
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Possibilities of implementing Competitive Intelligence in an agricultural company.
Hodovský, Michal ; Rompotl, Jaroslav (referee) ; Bartes, František (advisor)
The subject of this bachelor’s thesis is the application of a Competitive Intelli-gence in an agricultural company, which will enable the company’s manage-ment to find out information about the competitors and at the same time protect our own information from them. This gives our company a competi-tive advantage. In the first part of this thesis I will describe the situation of the company, after which I get to define the problem that will be solved. In the second part I deal with theoretical preparation necessary to create a Com-petitive Intelligence unit. The third part is devoted to creation of the possibili-ties that our company will have. The result of these possibilities is functioning Competitive Intelligence system. In the end, I will summarize the possible solutions and recommend one of them to the company.
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Disinformation, its Creation and Detection
Bílová, Jana ; Struž, Daniel (referee) ; Bartes, František (advisor)
The thesis is concerned with a process usually called Competitive Intelligence. In the preface is a general view about the process, which is in following parts focused on particular discipline „disinformation“. In the first, an idea of disinformation is taken down with direction on its creation and using, also is there shown how to designed it to be effect and trusting. Compare to this in the second part are shown ways and precaution, which are used to the investigation, if its disinformation or not.
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Theory and research of disinformation in contemporary media studies
Steinwald, Robert ; Podzimek, Jan (advisor) ; Miessler, Jan (referee)
Disinformation is an important topic, which is currently receiving considerable attention not only in academic circles, but also in the public sphere. The reason is their potentially strong and unpredictable influence. Despite the importance of this topic, we find that the very concept of "disinformation" is not entirely stable and its meaning may vary according to individual authors or approaches. However, it is not only the meaning in terms of definition, but also the properties and internal structure and the relationship to related concepts such as fake news, hoaxes, misinformation, etc. And it is the mapping of various concepts of disinformation that will be the research goal of this bachelor thesis. The material will be theoretically focused professional publications on the topic from various authors. However, the concept of misinformation will not only be examined on a semantic level, but also in relation to the social environment and events, including the relationship to media legislation, regulation and literacy, as well as to certain topics in connection with which a number of misinformations are spreading (eg covid- 19). This will be taken into account in several studies and reports focused on misinformation in today's society.
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Disinformation in France: A Strategy of Information Warfare in the Digital Age
Bourdas, Annabelle Marie Amelie ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Scotto, Thomas (referee)
Political elections are a fertile ground for disinformation campaigns to prosper as have shown studies on Brexit and the 2016 US elections. The 2022 presidential French elections took place in a particular setting due to the social and political context marked by the rise of far-right parties and movements as well as the succession of crises such as the 2015 terrorist attacks, 2018 yellow vests movement, the Covid-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine. This context and the health crisis in particular have given a new lease of life to far-right movements. Indeed, they spread disinformation, mainly on social media, on the pandemic and fuelled anti-system feelings to advance their agenda. In this context, the far-right political candidate to the 2022 elections, Éric Zemmour, a famous polemicist, thrived and managed to impose himself in the national political landscape. He did so notably by using discursive practices and his media presence. As a result, there has been a banalisation of far-right rhetoric and conspiracy theories in society. This has two major consequences: first, the undermining of democratic and electoral processes and second, the risk of a resurgence of domestic terrorism. Therefore, disinformation is a threat for democracies as they exacerbate social tensions and divisions which can...
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Archetypal narrativisation and it's use in disinformations
Lebduška, Daniel ; Nečas, Vlastimil (advisor) ; Soukup, Martin (referee)
The aim of the diploma thesis Archetypal narrativisation and it's use in disinformations is to verify the connection between archetypal narrativization and misinformation, to describe which archetypal narratives are most often used by misinformation, to systematize them and then to describe which emotions are targeted by archetypal narrativization in misinformation. This study therefore explores the use of archetypal narrativization as a persuasion technique in disinformation campaigns. Drawing on the concept of archetypes from Jungian psychology and narrativization theory, this research examines how archetypal elements are strategically used to shape and disseminate misinformation. Through a comprehensive literature review and analysis of specific misinformation messages, the study examines the underlying motivations and effects of the use of archetypes in misinformation narratives. By exploiting deeply embedded psychological patterns and collective cultural symbolism, these campaigns seek to manipulate emotions, promote cognitive biases, and exploit social contradictions. The use of archetypes such as hero, villain, and victim allows purveyors of disinformation messages to create compelling narratives that resonate with target audiences and elicit specific responses. The thesis proposing further...
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Echoing political ideologies? A Critical Discourse Analysis of the 'Os Pingos nos Is' Coverage during the 2022 Brazilian Elections
Campolina Rebello Guerrero, Daniela ; Shavit, Anna (advisor) ; Němcová Tejkalová, Alice (referee)
The importance of ideology and political discourse in driving voting behavior in democratic societies has become a central concern in research. In this context, journalism plays a critical role in how electoral information and ideological positions are disseminated and shape public opinion. Given polarization tendencies in countries like Brazil which undermine the legitimacy of the electoral process, the role of journalism in democratic societies has been increasingly put into question. Especially during political elections, where people rely on information to make informed decisions, the discursive power of journalistic content holds the potential to affect people's voting choices. This thesis, therefore, aims to investigate the ideological positions conveyed in Jovem Pan's show 'Os Pingos nos Is' during Brazil's 2022 presidential runoff campaign. The research adopts a qualitative approach and uses Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) to analyze five selected videos from the show on YouTube, focusing on the dominant discourses and themes. The study reveals that the show took a pro- Bolsonaro stance, displaying strong ideological polarization. The discourse featured beliefs in electoral fraud and attempted to undermine the legitimacy of the electoral process by verbally attacking Brazilian...
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Teaching about Disinformation. On Media Education in the Czech Republic, Finland, and the UK
Bílková, Petra ; Lánský, Ondřej (advisor) ; Dvořáková, Michaela (referee)
This bachelor's thesis deals with misinformation and demonstrates how schools in selected countries approach the issue of misinformation in media education and subsequently compares these approaches. The thesis focuses on the concept of misinformation and distinguishes other related terms (fake news, hoaxes, conspiracy theories, etc.). Furthermore, the thesis analyzes the fundamental aspects of media education, specifically in the Czech Republic, Finland, and the United Kingdom. This section provides the reader with a clearer picture of how individual countries approach media education. The comparison is specifically emphasized on the topic of misinformation. Thus, the thesis aims to answer whether Czech students are sufficiently educated in dealing with misinformation and media in general.
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Chain emails during the 2023 presidential election
Novotná, Barbora ; Wolák, Radim (advisor) ; Klimeš, David (referee)
This thesis examines chain emails during the 2023 Czech presidential election. The practical part outlines the most important concepts related to disinformation. However, it also presents the impact of chain emails and their most common spread among the senior generation. It additionally looks at presidential election issues and disinformation shared directly by candidates. The second part of the thesis analyzes the chain emails shared two months before the election until the second round of the election and their impact on voters. Thus, the practical part deals not only with the content and language but also with the candidates' portrayal. It focuses on the main favorites of the election, Petr Pavel, Andrej Babiš and Danuša Nerudová. Nevertheless, at the same time it furthermore spotlights on candidate Jaroslav Bašta, who is directly linked to the disinformation scene. The practical part does not leave out the disinformation contained in the chain emails. During the research, the thesis uses both quantitative content analysis and qualitative semiotic analysis. By combining these two methods, it is able to provide a comprehensive picture of the influence of chain emails. Finally, the findings of both analyses are linked to a common conclusion that will present the influence of emails on voters.
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