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How performance sports affects children's eating and the development of eating disorders
Černá, Renata ; Floriánková, Marcela (advisor) ; Kosheleva, Svetlana (referee)
5 ABSTRACT The theoretical part of the bachelor's thesis addresses the issue of eating disorders with a focus on children and adolescents and it also explores the influence of sports, particularly at the high- performance level, on the nutritional needs of children and adolescents, as well as the risk of developing an eating disorder. The practical part compares selected parameters of children in the 4th year of elementary school (comparing sports and regular classes) and in the 6th year of elementary school (comparing sports and regular classes). It involves monitoring anthropometric data, the correlation between subjective perception of one's own weight and its objective assessment, food choices with regard to their effects on health, weight and performance, adherence to dietary measures, the presence of targeted weight loss in the last 6 months, the intensity of regular physical activity, and selected factors of the external environment that are considered risky in terms of the development of eating disorders. There was no statistically significant difference in the BMI of children from the sports class and the regular class in the first stage, but the BMI of children from the sports class was statistically significantly lower (p < 0.001) in the second grade. In other parameters, there was no significant...
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Nutritional literacy of adolescents
Soukupová, Jana ; Starnovská, Tamara (advisor) ; Krmíčková, Jitka (referee)
This bachelor's thesis focuses on the relationship between adolescent individuals and nutrition and diet. The theoretical part of the thesis is devoted to the characteristics of the adolescent period, the principles of optimal nutrition in adolescence, diseases that can result from improper diet or lack of knowledge in the field of nutrition, I identify common myths that can influence the food choices and eating behaviour of young people and discuss the principles of nutrition education. The practical part involves a survey of adolescents through a questionnaire survey, in order to gain deeper insight into adolescents' attitudes and behaviours regarding nutrition. I personally distributed the questionnaires in primary school in grades 7, 8 and 9 and in high school in grades 1, 2 and 3. Both schools are located in Kutná Hora. Students of both genders were interviewed. In the primary school I collected a total of 60 questionnaires, 30 from girls and 30 from boys. At the high school I also collected a total of 60 questionnaires, 30 from girls and 30 from boys. Thus, a total of 120 completed questionnaires. The questionnaire consisted of 25 questions. Seven questions were open-ended and the rest were closed-ended, with the test subjects choosing from the options. I analyzed the results using Microsoft...
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Sexual themes in the media and their impact on girls'self-image
Koritinová, Dominika ; Rosenfeldová, Jana (advisor) ; Hájková, Karolína (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with sexual content in the media and its effects on the self-image of adolescent girls. Sexual content occurs across media with increasing frequency. These contents are very easily accessible due to smart technologies in today's digital age. The theoretical section discusses media in relation to sexuality, emphasizes defining erotic and sexual elements and themes, and reviews the importance and development of self-image along with possible influences on girls' self-image. This is followed by a methodological section that outlines the research method, the selection of respondents and the analysis of the data collected along with the ethical context of the research. The research part took the form of qualitative semi-structured interviews with adolescent girls aged thirteen to eighteen. The data collected was subsequently processed through thematic analysis. The data collected through the interviews revealed that the media has a significant influence on girls' self-image, both positive and negative, through the consumption of sexual content - erotic and sexual themes and elements. Consumption of sexual content in the media can contribute to the normalization of the topic of sexuality and help girls to better understand their own sexuality. However, at the same time, such...
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The influence of social media on adolescents
Janoušová, Viola ; Mazáčová, Nataša (advisor) ; Syslová, Hana (referee)
This bachelor's thesis focuses on young teenagers and their relationship with social media and how social media affects their lives and what impact it has on them. The thesis is divided into a theoretical and a practical part. In the theoretical part, the first topic is approached in more detail is the topic of adolescence and its phases, the next topic is the internet and social networks, where the risks of possible addiction to these networks and the Internet are described. The last chapter focuses on the issue of cyberbullying, its forms and manifestations. The empirical part is dedicated to practical research. I chose case studies as a form of research. The case studies are further analyzed through open coding. I used semi-structured interviews to collect data for this empirical research. The goal of this bachelor's thesis is to present social media and anylyze the relationship of adolescents to these social networks and further reveal how these networks influence the lives of today's adolescents.
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The effect of stress on astrocytes and their function during brain development in adolescence
Veverka, Jakub ; Nekovářová, Tereza (advisor) ; Telenský, Petr (referee)
Astrocytes have perhaps been historically underestimated in their number of roles regarding brain homeostasis. Recent studies are identifying the pivotal role they play in brain restructuring and how possible disruption of their function could be a predisposing factor for numerous psychiatric diseases. Proper astrocytic function might be of increased significance in adolescence, when major heterochronic brain restructuring occurs, and external stressors are of magnified effect. Regarding the role of astrocytes in synaptic formation/degradation and synaptic cleft substance clearance, the dysfunction of their homeostatic pathways during such a crucial period may predispose the effected person to specific patterns of CNS development. This could prove to be important during the development or progression of psychiatric and psychological disorders. This work will focus on the role of astrocytes during pathologically stressful conditions, the alteration of their function and the researched causes for such events namely during the unique time period of adolescence. It will also comment on the possible effect of such events during adolescence on the appearance or progression of potential psychiatric or psychological disorders later in life. Key words: Astrocytes, stress, brain, adolescence, development
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The use of selected social networks by pupils of the second grade of a primary school in Havlíčkův Brod region
Prchalová, Kateřina ; Váchová, Alena (advisor) ; Kollerová, Lenka (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the use of selected social networks by pupils of the second grade of a primary school in Havlíčkobrodsko. In the theoretical part, is first defined the term social network, the most used social networks are gradually described and the risks that users may encounter in the online environment are characterized, including the impact on their psychological and physical health. The practical part is prepared on the basis of research that was carried out using the questionnaire survey method in the 8th and 9th grade of a selected elementary school in Havlíčkův Brod. The aim of the research was to find out information about the use of social networks by second-grade elementary school pupils, especially to determine which social networks they use the most often, how much time they spend on social networks and whether they follow the principles of safe behaviour in the online space. The results of the questionnaire survey showed that students most often use the social network Instagram. They use this network mainly for communication, then for watching short videos called Reels and contributions from other users. The research shows that a relatively large group of respondents spend an excessive amount of time on social networks, especially at weekends, when they are able to...
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