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P. P. František Xaver Mimra (1886-1952) - country priest and martyr
Sodomka, Petr ; Šmíd, Marek (advisor) ; Frývaldský, Pavel (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the life story of priest František Xaver Mimra who spend almost the entire period of his priestly service in the parish of Raná. It briefly describes his family, studies and his path to priesthood. At first, he worked as a chaplain in the Raná parish for two years. Later, in 1915, at his own request he left for the parish of Dolní Újezd where he spent six years. In 1921, he returned to the Raná parish as a parish priest. For thirty years he lived in the parish taking care of the church, the rectory and, above all, inspiring encouraging the spiritual life of his parishioners. His work in the Raná parish was interrupted in 1949 by his arrest and the subsequent fabricated trial in which he was sentenced to three years in prison. In 1952, he was released, but because of his poor health, due to his imprisonment, he died a few months later. P. František Xaver Mimra (1886-1952), country priest and martyr Keywords František Xaver Mimra; Raná parish; communism; Catholic Church; political trials; Czechoslovakia; persecution of priests
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War Refugeedom and Forced Displacement in Bohemian Lands in 1914-1920.
Rejzl, Bohuslav ; Hnilica, Jiří (advisor) ; Frankl, Michal (referee) ; Fasora, Lukáš (referee)
The aim of the dissertation is to present the phenomenon of forced migration of the civilian population during the First World War on the territory of Austria-Hungary, with special regard to their asylum in the Czech lands. The study is not limited to a single particular group of refugees based on ethnic or national affiliation but offers a view of ethnic pluralism in the place of their temporary asylum. The thesis attempts to synthesize the existing knowledge in historiography on the course and conditions of forced displacement of the civilian population on the Eastern and Italian fronts and presents the process of integration of refugees and evacuees in the territory of Bohemia and Moravia. On the basis of the study of archival sources of Austrian and Czech provenance, it pays attention to the reconstruction of life in refugee camps, the system of social and health care in the villages, spiritual life and, last but not least, the process of re-migration and repatriation, with regard to its continuity in the post-war years. In the socio-political context of the first years of Czechoslovakia, the thesis focuses on the social status of war refugees, furthermore it presents the process of liquidation of refugee care and the way of life in refugee camps in the time of the post-war demobilization.
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The History and Activities of the Town and Country Planning Department of The Ressearch Institute for Building and Architecture in Brno
Žáčková, Markéta ; Chatrný, Jindřich (referee) ; Ing.arch.Igor Kovačevič, Ph.D. (referee) ; Doležel, Karel (referee) ; Koutný, Jan (advisor)
The dissertation explores the history and activities of the Brno-located Town and Country Planning Department of The Research Institute for Building and Architecture (RIBA) since its foundation in 1954 until its abolishment in 1994. As a part of the department functioning, a description of its main research tasks and publications, which had played an essential part while formulating theory and methodology of urban planning after the 2nd World War in Czechoslovakia, are introduced. Special attention is paid to tasks and publications whose authors and research workers applied interdisciplinary approaches and – in spite of the prevailing totalitarian regime – managed to apply their experience acquired abroad to produce highly influential works such as The Principles and Rules of Spatial Planning. Another objective of the dissertation is the creation of a complex bibliography of texts that were produced by the department (books, reports on the outcomes of research tasks that had been explored at the Town and Country Planning Department and that were released internally as handbooks serving research workers of the institute and other institutions focusing on building and architecture). Depictions of the Brno department of RIBA from the perspective of two of its significant representatives who have outlived the institution they had witnessed to be founded and to the functioning of which they had significantly contributed, become a key part of the text: Ing. arch. Vladimír Matoušek, CSc., the second head of the Town and Country Planning Department of RIBA and Ing. arch. Dušan Riedl, CSc., a theoretician of architecture and urban planning and a top expert on Czech national herritage. As the topic has not yet been subjected to scholarly research, the main objective of the work is to create the very first complex text on the Brno department of RIBA and its activities. The circumstances surrounding the constitution of RIBA in the context of other similarly functioning research institutes are pursued with a special focus on the fields of building, architecture and urban planning as well as legislative embedding of its foundation and functioning, its organization structure, staff, definition of taskmasters and the way the tasks were approached, relations to other institutions in the field, publishing activities and transfer of theoretical research outcomes to practice. The text also deals with the state of present-day research of architecture and urban planning. Archive material and publications released by the institute represent a predominant source of information about RIBA activities. They are now stored at the archive of ABF Foundation in Prague (the foundation has been administering both the archive and library of the Prague department of RIBA since its abolishment), at the library of The Institute for Spatial Development in Brno (the institute administers the library of the former Brno department) and at the Moravian Land Archive in Brno. Both of the archives have been thoroughly researched by the author. Critical reflections upon the urban-planning department of RIBA occurring in contemporary publications and periodicals are another important source of information which help to specify the character of its activities (recent literature mentions RIBA scarcely, a complex evaluation is still missing). Oral history reported by former employees of RIBA, who had contributed to the first-rate quality of its research activities.
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Czechoslovak modernist Illustration of the 1950s and 1960s and Its Influence on the Identities of Contemporary Czech Artists>
Šrámek, Jan ; Horáček, Radek (referee) ; Sylvestrová, Marta (referee) ; Pospiszyl, Tomáš (referee) ; Stratil, Václav (advisor)
A doctoral thesis “Czechoslovakian modernist illustration of the 1950s and 1960s and its influences in the contemporary Czech visual culture” is focused on how a modernist illustration of the 1950s and 1960s influences Czech contemporary authors, especially illustrators. We can witness a particularly strong influence of the above mentioned modernist illustration and visual culture of that period in general among producers employing digital tools and vector graphics served. The thesis contains a historical study which follows developments of the visual language of graphic arts (illustration in particular) in the 1950s and 1960s in relation to fine arts. There is a special focus on a position of the 1960s’ modernist illustration within the applied arts of the period. Biographical study dedicated to illustrator M. Šašek introduce key figure of the (late) modernist period.
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The 20' s and 30' s avant-garde - Prague and Moscow
Dofková, Jekaterina ; Kyselka, Mojmír (referee) ; Urbášková, Hana (referee) ; Šlapeta, Vladimír (advisor)
The relationship between Czech and Russian avantgarde has not been properly examined, therefore the aim of this research was to understand the real facts and uncover “ the blind spots“ connected with the specific development of avantgarde architecture in Czechoslovakia and Soviet Union. A comprehensive and moreless thorough detailed reconstruction of the interwar period has been created with the help of comparative and historiographic analysis. This period used to be interpreted quite contrarily under the political pressure of the Soviet regime. The thesis analyses the influence of the political regime on architecture, determines the reflection of the events in the Soviet Union on the opinions of Czechoslovak architects by means of testimonies about mutual contacts, mutual criticism and cooperation in the sphere of architecture. The thesis brings and concludes new information regarding Czech architects who were designing and working in the Soviet Union. The research is based on archive documents, articles from specialized contemporary magazines and debates between Czech and Russian architects.
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Visual Art in the Housing Estates of Brno (1945–1989)
Kořínková, Jana ; Bartlová, Milena (referee) ; Hrůša, Petr (referee) ; Chamonikolasová, Kaliopi (advisor)
With special attention being paid to the development in the city of Brno, the dissertation focuses on the issue of applying artworks in Czechoslovak architecture after World War II. The main research questions – Why were in Czechoslovakia after 1945 artworks again integrated in architecture and what strategies were applied in the case of the newly built housing estates in the city of Brno? – are answered in two successive sections. First, the institutional background for application of art in architecture in the light of the events in Brno (1945–1993) is examined; the closing part is devoted to three case studies that illustrate local development in the period of socialist realism, creative release of the1960s and political normalization. The aim is to highlight the complexity of the examined subject and refute a popularly handed down conviction that integration of artworks into architecture in the period of socialism was motivated exclusively by the communist propaganda, and to show that the attempts to create a synthesis of art and architecture were also based both on earlier theoretical considerations about the educational function of art and its effect on humans and the need to improve poor economic situation of artists after World War II.
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Czechoslovak newsreels from the perspective of social transformation (1989-1990)
Černý, Ondřej ; Lokšík, Martin (advisor) ; Moravec, Václav (referee)
This thesis deals with the end of film news in Czechoslovakia, which was realized in the form of film weekly newsreels until 1990. In the first part I define film news from the theoretical and terminological point of view and try to describe its specifics. I then explain its birth and the production of newsreel films on our country's territory, from its beginnings before the First World War until the fall of the communist regime in Czechoslovakia and the establishment of democracy, which ended the continuous, state- subsidized and controlled production of regularly published weeklies. In the second, practical part, I use the method of qualitative content analysis to examine the form and thematic framework of the weekly newsreels produced in 1989, when a new concept of film reporting focused on the so-called magazines began to take effect, and in 1990, the year Czechoslovakia entered the democratic process. My aim is to find out what was the role of weekly newsreels as a means of socialist propaganda and a channel of social criticism in the first, revolutionary year and how they changed in the second, democratic year. Although they were no longer bound by ideology, the end of the state film monopoly brought an end to their financial support and power protection, which led to an early end of their...
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Selected issues of legal forms of persecution in the 60s to 80s of the 20th century in Czechoslovakia
Obr, Vojtěch ; Šouša, Jiří (advisor) ; Blažek, Lukáš (referee)
Selected issues of legal forms of persecution in the 60s to 80s of the 20th century in Czechoslovakia Abstract After the year 1948, when the communist regime was established in Czechoslovakia, a number of persecutory instruments were enacted in order to suppress any disagreement with the established regime and to eliminate opponents of the socialist establishment. The thesis focuses on the period of the 1960s and 1980s, when the persecutions did not reach the level and cruelty they had in the 1950s, but they were still a very significant part of the repressive component of the government regime. The main focus of the work is on the persecution in the period before the so called Prague Spring, it follows the period of social relaxation in 1968 and the re-introduction of persecution mechanisms in the period after August 1968. In the first chapters, the work describes and analyzes legal developments after the Second World War with an emphasis on the 1960s and 1980s and subsequently concentrates on specific forms of enforcement, whether it is criminal prosecution, persecution in the field of citizenship, persecution in the field of property law or labor law. Klíčová slova: legal forms, persecution, Czechoslovakia
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A Biographical Study of Vida Neuwirthova: The Influence of Family Heritage on her Artistic Life and Work
Hradecká, Markéta ; Wohlmuth Markupová, Jana (advisor) ; Houda, Přemysl (referee)
A BiographicalStudy of VidaNeuwirthova: The Influence ofFamilyHeritage on herArtistic Life and Work Using biographical methodology within contemporary historic studies, this thesis aims to present interpretations of life events as they were understood by the main subject of this research - Vida Neuwirthova- based on further analyses and interpretations of oral- historical interviews and other sources. Vida Neuwirthova is known to the public as a popular actress in the famous film Tri veterani (1984), and a dramatic shortcut in the understanding of her life events has influenced her current media image. Detailed biographical study reveals that the core of her life story is based on the discovery early in young adulthood of her Jewish heritage from her paternal family line. This important change in the understanding of her identity influenced the way she activated her artistic performance during the so-called "late normalisation"of the 1980s, founding the children's theater Feigele within the local Prague Jewish community. This period of time was characterized by an authoritarian state regime with a declared antisemitic ideology which tried to suppress and/or assimilate any signs of Jewish identity. In my thesis, I explore a possible change of meaning that Vida Neuwirthova provides in a retrospective...
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