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Analyzing a person’s handwriting for recognizing his/her emotional state
Chudárek, Aleš ; Matoušek, Jiří (referee) ; Malik, Aamir Saeed (advisor)
Rozpoznávání emocí z rukopisu je náročný a interdisciplinární úkol, který může poskytnout vhled do psychologického a emočního stavu pisatele. V této diplomové práci byl vyvinut a vyhodnocen model strojového učení schopný predikovat emoční stav pisatele na základě vzorků jeho rukopisu. Byl využit dataset EMOTHAW, který obsahuje vzorky rukopisu a kreseb od subjektů, jejichž emoční stavy byly změřeny pomocí testu DASS, který hodnotí úroveň deprese, úzkosti a stresu, a CIU Handwritten databázi pro ověření a experimentování. Bylo extrahováno množství příznaků inspirovaných standardní grafologií, stejně jako příznaky specifické pro online data. Pomocí ANOVA byly vybrány statisticky významné příznaky, které byly normalizovány pomocí Z-Score, MinMax, IQR nebo logaritmické transformace. Dimenzionalita příznaků byla snížena pomocí analýzy hlavních komponent (PCA) a lineární diskriminační analýzy (LDA). Pro klasifikaci byl použit meta-přístup Ensemble learning, který se snaží snížit chyby jednoho jednoduchého modelu využitím rozmanitosti a doplňkovosti více modelů. Struktura klasifikátoru závisí na mnoha argumentech, což vede k více než 300 000 různým konfiguracím. Optimální argumenty a tudíž optimální struktura byla hledána pomocí zamrazování argumentů. Byly identifikovány nejlepší klasifikátory pro binární a trinární klasifikaci každé emoce, což vedlo k šesti optimálním modelům. Tyto modely byly hodnoceny pomocí různých metrik, jako jsou accuracy, precision, recall a F1 Skóre, a dosáhly adekvátních výsledků ve všech metrikách. Kromě nalezení klasifikátorů tato práce zkoumala význam každého extrahovaného příznaku, čímž byl vytvořen seznam nejvýznamnějších příznaků použitých pro rozpoznávání emocí z rukopisu. Dále tato práce rozšiřuje databázi EMOTHAW identifikací úkolů, které jsou více indikativní pro specifické emoce, čímž se snižuje potřeba kompletní baterie úkolů pro emoční analýzu.
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Diagnosing anxiety and depression from brain electroencephalogram (EEG) signals
Osvald, Martin ; Jaroš, Marta (referee) ; Malik, Aamir Saeed (advisor)
Duševné poruchy predstavujú širokú škálu emócií v našej spoločnosti. Tieto psychické stavy významne ovplyvňujú kognitívne, emocionálne a behaviorálne fungovanie jednotlivcov. Bežné duševné poruchy sa vzťahujú na dve hlavné diagnostické kategórie: depresívne poruchy a úzkostné poruchy. Cielom tejto práce je nájsť novú metódu na detekciu či daný pacient trpí úzkosťou alebo depresiou pomocou klasifikácie EEG. V tejto práci používame kombináciu genetických algoritmov a modelov z hlbokého učení.
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Detection of Anxiety from Brain Electroencephalogram (EEG) Signals
Marko, Július ; Shakil, Sadia (referee) ; Malik, Aamir Saeed (advisor)
Úzkosť ovplyvňuje ľudské schopnosti, správanie, produktivitu a kvalitu života. Úzkosť nás udržuje v bezpečí ako súčasť systému, ktorý pomáha kontrolovať a odvracať nebezpečenstvo. Tento systém sa však môže narušiť. Keď takéto narušenie nastane, môže to viesť k depresii a dokonca k samovražde. Cieľom tejto práce je vyvinúť novú metódu detekcie úzkosti zo signálov mozgu, konkrétne elektroencefalogramu (EEG), neinvazívnej a nákladovo efektívnej skríningovej metódy. Navrhovaná metóda zahŕňa mikrostavy, ktoré zatiaľ neboli na základe dostupnej literatúry použité na detekciu úzkosti. Extrahované sú aj ďalšie vlastnosti v časovej a frekvenčnej doméne. Nakoniec bol na týchto vlastnostiach natrénovaný a vyhodnotený klasifikátor strojového učenia, ktorý prekonal aktuálne dostupné metódy.
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Crisis of the Modern Man in works of Egon Hostovsky
Rut, Ivan ; Kubíček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Neumann, Lukáš (referee)
The bachelor's thesis focuses on the comparison of proses by Egon Hostovsky with respect to the theme of the crisis of the modern man. It follows a discourse about his works and discusses its various approaches, particularly the psychological one, the existential one, as well as the context of realist and expressionist narrative basis. Furthermore, it shows the development of Hostovsky's poetics and the reception of his later works, the novel The Charity Ball in particular. The thesis is buttressed by findings and concepts established in publications by Vladimír Papoušek, Lubomír Doležel and František Kautman. The results of the comparative analysis point to the internal connections between the narrative representations of guilt and anxiety, particularly in the novel Dům bez pána (The House Without a Master) and in the short story collection Letters from Exil, which enables the idea of a new authenticity of the human subject, symptomatic for which are modernist uncertainty and groundlessness. To these phenomena an axiological searching in Hostovsky's works is also subjugated to. With exception for Seven Times the Leading Man and The Midnight Patient - the politically oriented Hostovsky's novels, in which a quantity of conservative constructs and decadent contemplations is present. The main poetics...
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Characteristics of dreams in people with anxiety
Korábová, Sára ; Preiss, Marek (advisor) ; Valentová, Hana (referee)
This thesis examines the characteristics of dreams in people with anxiety. Dream characteristics, including emotions in dreams, dream content, dream recall, and attitudes towards dreams, are monitored in people with anxiety (N=36) compared to a control group (N=28). The theoretical part addresses anxiety and dreams, and the research part focuses on methodology, data collection process, findings, and discussion. Participants were divided into groups of individuals with or without anxiety using the STAI inventory, based on their trait anxiety levels. Participants then recorded their dreams in an online dream diary for two weeks, and during data collection, they were also tested for current anxiety levels. It was found that individuals with anxiety experience dreams with more negative emotional tones, and their attitudes towards dreams differ in several respects (in terms of significance, positivity, recall, and apprehension). Differences were also observed in the frequency of certain categories of dream content (categories of characters, aggressive interactions, misfortunes, and negative emotions). The influence of anxiety on dream frequency and length was not found to be significant. The aim of this study was to comprehensively describe dream characteristics in individuals with anxiety compared to...
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Emotional experience in patients with chronic renal failure
Unzeitigová, Aneta ; Hrachovinová, Tamara (advisor) ; Šípek, Jiří (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the emotional experience of patients with chronic renal failure. It aims to explore positive and negative emotional experiences, the presence of depressive and anxiety symptoms, the degree of anger and alexithymia in patients with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis. The theoretical part summarizes previously published theoretical knowledge in this area and the empirical part describes the statistical measurement and comparison of selected variables of emotional experience in the research sample. The theoretical part is divided into 4 chapters, the first of them deals with the medical aspects of chronic renal failure and its treatment. The second chapter deals with the coping with illness, defines psychological aspects of chronic disease and describes the patient's subjective perception of the disease and attitudes towards the disease. The third chapter summarizes the definitions of emotions and emotional experience and defines the most respected theories of emotion. The fourth chapter describes the emotional experiences of illness, factors affecting the emotional experience of illness and deals with depression, anxiety, anger and alexithymia, at the end focuses on current research in this area. The empirical part is devoted to the empirical investigation of...
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Explicit and implicit self-esteem within a given range of clients with anxiety disorders: quantitative and qualitative analysis with emphasis on Rorschach method
Najbrtová, Kristina ; Niederlová, Markéta (referee) ; Hrachovinová, Tamara (referee)
The thesis focuses on the issue of self-esteem in clients diagnosed with anxiety disorders. While this condition belongs to the most common mental illnesses, the role of the patient's self-esteem has not been sufficiently researched. The aim of the thesis is to contribute to a better understanding of the relation between anxiety and self-esteem, and to examine whether clients with so called Other Anxiety Disorder manifest specific differences in their level of self-esteem. In the theoretical part we summarize the key findings in the domain of anxiety disorder research; we further compare the different psychological approaches to the issue of self-esteem. There is a particular focus on authors who explore the possible causes and features of self-esteem deviations in patients with anxiety disorders, and who propose hypotheses regarding the nature and origins of this linkage. The empirical part of the thesis focuses on the analysis of the explicit and implicit self-esteem level in clients with anxiety disorder. For the purpose of measuring explicit self-esteem we have used foreign questionnaires, namely the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and the SLSC-R. For implicit self-esteem evaluation we have used the Rorschach test. The research outcomes indicate that clients with anxiety disorders display...
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Anxiety disorders from a biological and psychological perspective
Záplatová, Klára ; Šivicová, Gabriela (advisor) ; Hrachovinová, Tamara (referee)
Barchelor thesis focuses on anxiety disorders from a biological and psychological perspective. This thesis aims to provide anxiety disorders in their entireness. For this reason, thesis focuses on psychological and physical symptoms of anxiety. Topic contains unconscious symptoms manifesting inside of a man. Thesis is divided into two main parts. First one consists of literature review, the second one consists of experiment design. Experiment design deals with physiological symptoms of social phobia. It is focused on specific brain areas and cortisol level in anxiety feeling as well as to feeling of a man during the experiment. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The collocational competence of EFL students in relation to their cognitive and affective predispositions.
Kacafírková, Petra ; Kucharská, Anna (advisor) ; Betáková, Lucie (referee) ; Šulová, Lenka (referee)
The dissertation deals with the collocational competence of English language students and its relation to the naturalness of language production. In addition to the theoretical foundations of the research, the main focus is first given to the definition of collocational competence, followed by the presentation of the research project itself - a teaching intervention with students from Charles University (n = 39) over the course of one semester. Students were divided into an experimental group with explicit collocation instruction and a control group where teaching was conducted in a traditional way. The primary aim was to explore whether instruction inspired by lexically-oriented approaches contributes to the successful development of collocational competence. At the same time, we monitored individual differences, such as foreign language aptitude, anxiety, motivation, and learning strategies, and their impact on the learning process. The results suggest that explicit instruction of language in general is beneficial for students with higher levels of anxiety and weaker foreign language aptitude. Systematic lexically-oriented instruction proved to be effective in enhancing collocational competence and also contributed to naturalness of written production regardless of individual differences. The...
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Influence of experimental intestinal dysbiosis on behavioral, neuroendocrine and immune properties of mice and the possibility of modifying it by administration of probiotic strain Escherichia coli O83:K24:H31
Avramová, Pavla ; Černý, Viktor (advisor) ; Roubalová, Radka (referee)
The gut microbiota is a key factor influencing the function of many organs in the human body, including the nervous, immune, and endocrine systems. This dynamic ecosystem can be modulated by diet, age, environment, even medication. The balanced composition of the microbiota is crucial for individual health, and its disruption leads to dysbiosis. The connection between the gut and the central nervous system is mediated by the microbiota-gut- brain axis. This axis consists of several pathways interconnected to mutually regulate their functions. Among the major components of the axis are the neural pathway, led by the vagus nerve, the immune pathway, and the endocrine pathway, including the HPA axis. Recent studies suggest that probiotic bacteria have the ability to partially rectify dysbiosis and alleviate its consequences for the organism. This thesis focuses on researching the impact of gastrointestinal tract microbiota on the behaviour, immunity, and neuroendocrine aspects of mice. It delves into experimentally inducing dysbiosis using antibiotics and subsequently addressing it with the probiotic bacterium Escherichia coli O83:K24:H31. The aim is to determine whether these probiotics can mitigate the adverse effects of dysbiosis on the immune and neuroendocrine systems, as well as behavioural...
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