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Attention Assessment of Children at Preschool Age and Early School Age
Šnoblová, Vladěna ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (advisor) ; Horáková Hoskovcová, Simona (referee)
Attention is one of the key competencies which has to be adequately developed in preschool children to support their good school adaptation and acceptation of school demands. This work describes current approaches to assessment of attention and related cognitive functions in children at preschool and early school years. On the basis of the methods which are accessible we introduce a new assessment tool, which could serve as screening of attention and other necessary competencies of children aged 5-7 years. The empirical part of this work shows results of a validization study of our method (Coloured trail making test for children), and its reliability the tool. Results proved strong correlations among our method and three other assessment tools from larger batteries of tests (Woodcock - Johnson Tests of Cognitive Abilities, IDS and CAS II). However, the outcomes of the tests are also different enough to conclude that each of four methods which we used can be important in the process of attention assessment in preschool children; and each of these methods can bring valid information about children's abilities. The work also includes normative data for Coloured trail making test for children, which can be used as a screening tool to detect minor difficulties of children's attention or it can help to...
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The using of Feuerstein Instrumental Enrichment for developing reading strategies of adolescents with dyslexia
Burešová, Hana ; Saicová Římalová, Lucie (advisor) ; Zajícová, Pavla (referee) ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (referee)
The purpose of this thesis is to analyse the development of reading strategies of adolescent pupils with dyslexia using Feuerstein's Instrumental Enrichment, an internationally recognized method which is aimed at the development of cognitive functions. In the context of the actual legislative changes in the education of pupils with special educational needs, this reflects the needs of educational practice. The theoretical part summarizes the basic terminology and the state of the Czech and foreign literature related to the topic of this work. The research part of the work characterizes the research design and the research sample, and then presents individual results and conclusions for further researches and educational practice. The objectives of the research can be divided into two levels, in the qualitative part of the research there were realized special reeducations of adolescent pupils with dyslexia using set of teaching materials based on the principles of Feuerstein's Instrumental Enrichment. In this part of the thesis, the aim was to describe and analyze selected factors influencing the development of reading strategies of adolescents with dyslexia involved in the research (own learning process, behavior of pupils and lecturer); to find out what reading strategies are developed in...
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Mediated Learning experience and its application in school education
Rázgová, Lenka ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (advisor) ; Gillernová, Ilona (referee) ; Krejčová, Kristýna (referee)
The dissertation thesis presents the results of a research project which focused on the application of mediated learning experience theory to teaching with respect to cognitive development of pupils. The first chapter introduces cognitive education, which concentrates on the process of learning. It also compares this approach with traditional methods aimed at the content of learning. The following parts of the thesis deal with selected theories postulated by Reuven Feuerstein which are important for understanding the context in which his other theory was developed: the theory of mediated learning experience. This theory is the central theme of the theoretical part of the thesis. Apart from its definition and parameters, the thesis presents specific recommendations for teachers about how to develop cognitive functions of their pupils by applying this theory directly in class. Afterwards, attention is paid to Feuerstein's well-known worldwide intervention program called The Feuerstein Instrumental Enrichment. This program is used in the Czech school system, too. The essential part of this chapter introduces a number of studies which focused on the verification of benefits of Feuerstein's approaches to cognitive development in children and adolescents. The last chapter of the theoretical part...
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Teaching General Subjects through a Foreign Language as a Communication Tool
Adamus, Richard ; Gillernová, Ilona (advisor) ; Kasíková, Hana (referee) ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (referee)
The aim of this dissertation is to investigate and characterize the innovative approach CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning), define the scope of the concept, establish CLIL teacher profile based on skill dimensions. The role of the teacher whether we introduce any innovative approach is crucial thus we need to define the CLIL teacher profile. To stipulate the CLIL teacher profile means to establish comprehensive implementation criteria for successful implementation of CLIL at school. The dissertation title - Teaching General Subjects through a Foreign Language as a Communication Tool - fully corresponds with the content of acronym CLIL. The theoretical part is divided into four sections. The first section discusses the assumptions and objectives of the work through the prism of three basic paradigms - philosophical, pedagogical and language. In the second section we define terms, we classify and describe the processes of pedagogical interaction and communication at school with an emphasis on CLIL. Attention is paid to the main stakeholders of these processes - teachers and pupils. In the third section we focus on the relationship between CLIL to bilingualism, to selected theories of language acquisition, curricular reforms and other selected aspects. In the fourth section, we present...
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The applicability of psychological reports within the educational intervention
Vetchá Puškášová, Irena ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (advisor) ; Mertin, Václav (referee)
One of the standard roles of educational psychologists is to conduct assessment and communicate the outputs in a form of psychoeducational reports, to suggest a guide for appropriate prevention and intervention work with children and adolescents with a variety of special educational needs to their parents, teachers and other professionals. However, the outcome of the examination is often not presented sufficiently, on an adequate level, to become a useful source of information for further work of educators, for reasonable accommodations and support. The presented diploma thesis aims to contribute on the basis of theoretical background and a presented qualitative research to extend a general theoretical framework on real usability of psychoeducational reports, implemented by school psychologists and the possibilities of optimizing the form and content of these reports. Specifically, the point is to improve the efficacy and usefulness of the report and make it optimally usable for the teacher or educational advisor when designing and implementing an individualized training plan for the pupil with special educational needs in an inclusive school-based setting. The thesis tries to map the usefulness of different kinds of psychological reports. Data collection was conducted via interviews. The target group...
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Motivation of High School Students for School Work
Fiedlerová, Lucie ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (advisor) ; Gillernová, Ilona (referee)
Many secondary school teachers are currently facing students' lack of interest in the subjects taught. Research findings have also repeatedly shown that students' motivation for school work decreases as the length of the studies increases. Furthermore, students' level of motivation reaches a very low level during adolescence despite the fact that many of them make choices regarding their future careers. This thesis focuses on the relation between the motivation of students for school work and the attitudes and skills of teachers - their educational styles, and whether the relationship between students and them is positive or negative. The theoretical part of this paper introduces and describes the above mentioned concepts - educational styles and motivation - or more precisely, what kinds of motivation there are, and how these affect not only the learning process itself, but also the performance, results, and performance goals, all of which are closely linked. The practical part consists of a research investigation focused on verifying the link between students' motivation for school work and the educational styles used by their teachers. Key words motivation, education style, adolescence, achievement goals, academic achievements, learning process, teacher, secondary school student
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Possible validation of the assessment tool Cognitive Assessment System II
Mejstříková, Jitka ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (advisor) ; Mertin, Václav (referee)
The aim of this work is to introduce a new assessment method of children's cognitive abilities, the Cognitive Assessment System 2, to examine its criterion concurrent validity in a population of children with special educational needs and analyze the test profiles of these children. In the theoretical part of the work various assessment tools of children's cognitive abilities are presented. The Cognitive Assessment System 2 is also introduced. In the empirical part concurrent criterion validity of the CAS2 is examined via the correlation between the results of CAS2 and the results of other commonly used intelligence tests - it is examined on a sample of children with specific learning disabilities and children with below- average intelligence or mental retardation. The test profiles of children from both groups are analyzed. It was found that the overall scores in the method CAS2 highly correlate with total scores of the WISC-III in a group of children with a below-average intelligence and mental retardation, and with total scores of the WISC-III or the K-ABC in a group of children with specific learning disabilities. This is considered as evidence of the concurrent criterion validity of the CAS2. It was found that the children with a below-average intellect and mental retardation have balanced...
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Changes in academic efficacy during the transition from elementary school to secondary school
Lávičková, Soňa ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (advisor) ; Horáková Hoskovcová, Simona (referee)
The focus of this work is a description of changes in the academic self-efficacy among adolescents when they change school environment and demands of studies. Academic self- efficacy is defined as one of the predictors of school achievement. In the theoretical part, there are summarized results of foreign researches which describe the development of academic self-efficacy during school attendance. This work focuses especially on transition from elementary to high school. Moreover, there are mentioned possibilities which may support the academic self-efficacy and increase its level. In the empirical part, there is a research which tries to describe the development of academic self-efficacy among Czech adolescents who change from elementary to high school. Questionnaires Myself As a Learner Scale and Children's Self-Efficacy Scale were used. The results suggest no significant changes in level of perceived academic self-efficacy during transition from elementary to high school. However, significant correlation was proven between both questionnaires and between grade point average and academic self-efficacy. Moreover, significant correlation was found between gender and level of academic self-efficacy by the questionnaire ChSE. Keywords: academic self-efficacy, student's school achievement, transition...
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Humor as a protective factor of the occupational stress of teachers
Vertelmanová, Hedvika ; Štětovská, Iva (advisor) ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (referee)
This bachelor's thesis offers a brief overview of theories and surveys made in the areas of occupational stress, defence mechanisms and humor. The author is trying to find and indicate the connections between these areas. This paper goes from the general issue of stress to the posibilities of defending against it. Furthermore, it focuses specifically on humor. It offers an overview of the general theories of humor, and it concentrates on the possible uses of humor as a way of dealing with mental overload. The goal of the practical part of this thesis is to examine the ways in which university teachers use humor. The purpose of this examination is to find ways for improving the mechanisms through which teachers deal with stress.
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Internal and external factors of socialisation in the adaptation of first class primary school children
Freimannová, Sára ; Horáková Hoskovcová, Simona (advisor) ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (referee)
This thesis deals with the social aspect of adaptation of children to the first year of primary school. In general, socialisation is affected by both internal and external factors. For the purposes of this thesis we understand as internal factors the level of development of an individual and his or her previous acquisition of protective factors which aid the individual in successful dealing with difficult life situations. The external socialising factors at play are, for the most part, connected to the requirements of the institution of school, mostly represented by the teacher, and the requirements of the group of class mates. At the border of the internal and external factors lies the family which is also dealt with in this thesis. The research part of this thesis focuses on the mapping of how children perceive the school before they enter it and shortly after. The perception of this important threshold, as it is experienced by the child himself, is one of the crucial elements of the adaptation process and as such it has not been given the appropriate amount of attention in the Czech Republic. To these ends the methods of qualitative research are used. Keywords: adaptation socialisation starting school protective factors of the individual Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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