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Benefit of Formative Assessment for Primary School Teachers and Pupils
Fišerová, Karolína ; Laufková, Veronika (advisor) ; Starý, Karel (referee)
The diploma thesis aims to find out what benefits of using formative assessment in teaching see selected teachers and pupils of primary school. The theoretical part focuses on school evaluation, where this term is defined, and the main aspects of assessment such as functions and individual types are described. It also gets to the formative and summative types of evaluation and their comparison. The next part is devoted to specific principles of a formative approach, such as the formulation of goals that are closely related to criteria and feedback, as well as self-evaluation or peer evaluation. Formative assessment could not work without respectful communication and trust between the student and the teacher, which is dealt with in the last chapter of the theoretical part. The empirical part, through interviews with pupils' class teachers (specifically the 4th grade) and subsequent interviews with groups of pupils of the above-mentioned teachers, finds out what evaluation procedures teachers use and why. Interviews with pupils make it possible to record the pupils' view of school assessment and the methods their teachers work with, as well as how communication in the classroom affects pupils' approach to learning. The results of the qualitative design of the research show that formative methods try...
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Proposal of system support for the reading environment in kindergarten (action research)
Fiedlerová, Eliška ; Laufková, Veronika (advisor) ; Ronková, Jolana (referee)
The thesis focuses on the topic of reading preliteracy and the creation of a quality reading environment. The aim of the thesis is to encourage children and parents to develop their interest in reading and books through the implementation of various activities. The thesis is divided into theoretical and empirical parts. In the theoretical part, there is an explanation of what the reading environment is and how it is influenced. Furthermore, there is a definition of the basic concepts related to reading preliteracy and its importance in the child's development. It also describes selected activities and projects that promote reading and what a children's library in a school should look like. Finally, the theoretical part describes appropriate genres for preschool children and recommended selected titles for children's libraries. The empirical part describes the research conducted in the selected kindergarten. Action research was determined as the form of research that best met the conditions for achieving the given goal. The problem of action research was determined to be the lack of interest in books and reading among children and their parents. Six research questions were set and activities were designed to increase interest. Furthermore, observation, interview and questionnaire methods were used...
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Supporting of motivation for reading and text comprehension through working with illustration (the artistic component of a literary work) in kindergarten
Mihulová, Veronika ; Laufková, Veronika (advisor) ; Havlová, Jana (referee)
This Bachelor's thesis looks at promoting motivation for reading and understanding the text through working with the book and illustrating it, with a focus on working in nursery school. I chose this theme in particular because a positive relationship with books and an understanding of a given text, already developed in preschool, forms the basis for children to live. In school they will learn to read and write, they will need to understand the assignment, and these all activities, aimed at working with the book and illustrating it, just include reading preliteracy. Understanding the text is one of the reading skills we strive to develop in preschool. It is a complex of thought processes that lead to the understanding of the read text. Understanding reveals the content of the text. In this preschool period, therefore, we try to create the most positive relationship with written text, motivate children to read, write and develop the areas needed for future reading in a non-violent way. More specifically, the work focuses on children in their final year of kindergarten, that is, children before entering primary school. The research was carried out with the entire class, but also focused on 6 pre-selected preschool-age children and observed their relationship to books, book work and level of text...
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The impact of the use of digital technologies on the attention of pupils of the 1st grade of primary school
Weishäuplová, Jana ; Ronková, Jolana (advisor) ; Laufková, Veronika (referee)
The thesis deals with the issue of the influence of the use of digital technologies on the attention of primary school pupils. The aim of the thesis was to map/find out the positive and negative consequences/impacts of the use of digital technologies on the attention of primary school pupils, to evaluate the results of this impact in favour or against their use and to propose suitable solutions/recommendations for practice. The thesis was based on the assumption that 1st grade primary school students excessively use digital technologies such as smart phones, tablets, laptops or smart watches, which has a negative effect on their attention. To achieve the set goal, the thesis was divided into a theoretical part and a practical part. For the processing of the theoretical part of the thesis, the method of literary research was used, thanks to which the current theoretical knowledge and the results of research in the given issue were summarized. A quantitative research method through a questionnaire survey and an attention test were used to process the practical part of the thesis. The evaluation of the effect of the use of digital technologies on the attention of primary school pupils was carried out on the basis of a questionnaire survey and an attention test for 112 primary school pupils. The...
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Using of verbal assessment by primary school teachers after distance learning
Tesařová, Martina ; Laufková, Veronika (advisor) ; Kadrnožková, Monika (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the use of verbal assessment by primary school teachers before and after distance learning. It is primarily focused on finding out whether and how distance learning has influenced the use of verbal assessment by primary school teachers. The theoretical part of the thesis is concerned with an explanation of the basic terms of the topic, in particular: evaluation, school evaluation, school evaluation in the context of legal standards, verbal evaluation, materials for verbal evaluation, legislation of the verbal evaluation, distance learning, recommendations for distance learning and reference for assessment during distance learning. In the practical part, an analysis of three research studies, which were carried out using the methods of two consecutive questionnaire surveys, was implemented. One questionnaire survey was carried out in 2020 and the other in 2023. In addition, interview methods were used with teachers of the primary school first grade. The surveys were aimed at obtaining the necessary data to analyse the use of verbal assessment by first-grade teachers before and after distance learning. The aim of this diploma thesis has been to find out whether and how distance learning has influenced the use of verbal assessment by primary school teachers in teaching....
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Impact of reading on vocabulary, text comprehension and fancy of protagonists on children of pre-school age
Marklová, Tereza ; Laufková, Veronika (advisor) ; Mocná, Dagmar (referee)
This thesis is concerned with the impact of reading on vocabulary, text comprehension and fancy of protagonists on pre-school children aged 3 to 6. The purpose of the research part of the thesis is to find out to which extend reading impacts on vocabulary, text comprehension and fancy of protagonists of pre-school children aged 3 to 6. First hypothesis expects that during the one-month project children who are exposed the most to reading and working with a book are going to make the biggest progress in text comprehension and vocabulary. Other two hypotheses try to prove that older children are going to have better results than the youngest research participants at the beginning and the end of the project. Third hypothesis then adds that the youngest, 3 years old, children are going to improve significantly only in the questions that are repeated and that it is due to memorizing, not comprehension. Last hypothesis claims that children most involved in reading are going to take to new favourite characters. The theoretical part describes the development of a child since childbirth to 6 years, with an accentuation on the period between 3 and 6 years of age and analysis of fairy-tale as both a genre of literature and an instrument of child's development stimulation. The practical part of the thesis is a...
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Otherness of Pupils from Migrant Backgrounds as a Topic for Story-Based Teaching
Neužilová, Dominika ; Laufková, Veronika (advisor) ; Komberec, Filip (referee)
This thesis examines the topic of teaching the theme of otherness of pupils from migrant backgrounds to younger school-aged children, specifically through narrative engagement utilizing the Reading and Writing for Critical Thinking methods. Within the framework of action research, reading lessons were designed and executed to explore various facets of the situations faced by pupils from migrant backgrounds. This educational intervention is meant to facilitate comprehension of these pupils' circumstances and foster the overall acceptance of them. An analysis of the outcomes for each lesson is presented, also the outcomes were evaluated in terms of pedagogical reflection. Moreover, two of them were evaluated by another teacher. Topic relevant literature for children was thoroughly examined and incorporated into the research findings. The reading lessons were based on the following four titles: Kiko and the Secret of the Paper Butterfly, Maja and Kim, The Arab of the Future and Eric. The following methods were employed: unstructured observation, thematic analysis, semi-structured interviews, and content analysis of the lesson outcomes. The research took place in a primary school in two classrooms: 4th grade, comprising of 22 pupils (Class 1); 5th grade, comprising of 21 pupils (Class 2). The lessons...
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Pupils'self-assessment at elementary school
Reine, Petra ; Novotná, Kateřina (advisor) ; Laufková, Veronika (referee)
The thesis deals with self-evaluation of pupils at the secondary school. The goal was to describe concept of self-evaluation in relation to school assessment and to introduce self-assessment into health education classes in 6th grades at secondary school. The research included designing and applying several techniques of self-evaluation at the secondary school and then describing and reflecting on the whole process. The theoretical part focuses on the evaluation of pupils at school, including the analysis of current curriculum documents and legislation. Furthermore, the elements that support the student's learning are described here. The last part of the theoretical part deals with self- evaluation. It defines the term self-evaluation and describes the effects of self-assessment on the student and also includes a presentation of various self-assessment techniques. The practical part was realized as an action research. It describes the process of implementing of self-evaluation, including overcoming minor obstacles that arose during the research. The research was carried out in the 6th grade at secondary school in health education classes. The preparatory phase of the analysis of school documents was followed by the initial data collection, which consisted of observations of pupils and further...
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