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The positive influence of learning and activating methods, applied in a adulthood as a prequisite for active aging
Hušinová, Irena ; Šulová, Lenka (referee) ; Mertin, Václav (referee)
My thesis focuses on the education of adults, with view to peculiarities of their development and with accent to the senior population. It deals with the impact of physiological changes in the period of interevium and senium, which significantly affect the level of learning and education, and subsequently also self confidence of an individual, activity of their approach towards old age and their perception of well-being. The author projects to her thesis her own feelings, attitudes, opinions and experiences. She works with mnemonics, which facilitate long-term memory and support healthy activity of an individual. She considers current needs of the senior population and has tried to depict them graphically in the form of a treetop. A survey in the form of a simple questionnaire was carried out among senior citizens in order to identify their interest in education and their understanding of learning as a prevention of active and healthy life in old age. The survey was participated in by 150 responders, mostly women, from the Center for Social and Nursing Services in Prague 10 and within the activities of the Civic Association Život 90. Key words interevium, senium, mnemonics, prevention, educational programs
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Comparison of Intercultural Competence of Czech and Japanese University Students.
Škrábová, Michala ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor) ; Soukup, Václav (referee) ; Bahbouh, Radvan (referee)
Theoretical part of this Ph.D. thesis deals with the latest findings about intercultural communication and with important intercultural theories focused on two examined countries: the Czech Republic and Japan. It compares Czech and Japanese ways of thinking and behaviors using theory of cultural standards. An overview of current intercultural competence theories is followed by a description of specifics of intercultural competence and of possible ways of developing it. The theoretical part of the thesis is concluded by an overview of benefits and risks of intercultural research in general. The empirical part of the thesis compares intercultural competence of Czech and Japanese university students. The main aim of the study is to construct a questionnaire of intercultural competence, to design an observed situation measuring intercultural competence and to determinate a relationship between components of the questionnaire and the observation criteria. Next aims of the study are to determine differences in intercultural competence of Czech and Japanese university students, to compare them and to find out whether these differences can be explained by the components of the questionnaire. We were interested to what extent is the intercultural competence related to intracultural competence and whether...
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The impact of language on development of verbal and gestural expression of "motion": comparison between different-aged Czech and French
Fibigerová, Kateřina ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor) ; Guidetti, Michele (referee) ; Gullberg, Marianne (referee)
2 -FORMATION DOCTORAT EN CO-TUTELLE INTERNATIONALE EN PSYCHOLOGIE Date de début : 2008 Lieux: Université Toulouse 2 -le Mirail (France) Ecole doctorale CLESCO, Laboratoire Octogone-ECCD (EA nř4156) & Université Charles de Prague (République Tchèque) Faculté des Lettres, Chaire de Psychologie, Département de Psychologie Générale Directeurs de thèse : Michèle GUIDEITI Professeur de Psychologie Toulouse 2 -le Mirail & Lenka SuwvA Professeur de Psychologie à l'Université Charles de Prague Domaine de recherche : Développement langagier, gestuel et cognitif Sujet de thèse : « L'effet de la langue sur le développement de l'expression verbale et gestuelle du ,mouvement": une comparaison entre Tchèques et Français d'âges différents » Résumé de la thèse: L'objectif de cette thèse est de contribuer à la discussion générale sur l'impact de la langue, de la culture et de l'âge sur la conceptualisation et sur l'expression multimodale du «mouvement ». Le « mouvement» est compris ici en termes de combinaison d'une trajectoire (monter, descendre) et d'une manière (courir, nager) particulières. Le cadre théorique combine 1'hypothèse sur la détermination linguistique de la conceptualisation cognitive, la typologie des langues à cadrage verbal contre les langues à cadrage satellitaire, et la conception du tandem...
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Characteristic differences in expected, accpected and offered social support between men and women in romantic relationships
Lacka, Jiří ; Štětovská, Iva (advisor) ; Šulová, Lenka (referee)
The aim of the study was to determine the characteristics of gender differences in the anticipated and received social support in long-term heterosexual relationships. The author first created the theoretical basis for the issue of social support for subsequent empirical part. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with twelve adult respondents and on their basis was performed a qualitative analysis of the data. Interpretation of the data suggests that women and men were very similar in anticipated and received social support. The results were discussed in the light of studies on social support in relationships and gender differences. Keywords: Gender, gender differences, health psychology, heterosexual relationships, qualitative research, romantic relationships, social support.
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Causes of increased risk of drug abuse in adolescents
Rychnovská, Simona ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor) ; Boukalová, Hedvika (referee)
This work deals with the problem of drug use among adolescent populations. The aim is to find out what the risk of excessive drug use causes. The focus is based on the increasing in drug-dependent adolescents in the Czech Republic and the need to systematically address this issue. In our country, there is research that primarily aims to warn children and adolescents from using drugs. In my work I deal why pubescent and adolescence decide to try the drug and continue to use it as a solution to their problems. The work consists of five chapters. The first chapter is devoted to the period of adolescence, the definition of the developmental period of time from the perspective of different theories. The second chapter deals with changes in puberty and adolescence. First, it is focusing on the biological changes, then the psychological and social. The third chapter is devoted to drug use and its consequences, including a description of the physical and psychological dependence. Also in this chapter are discussed in more detail the effects of the most commonly used drugs in the Czech Republic. The fourth chapter contains a summary of the causes of drug use in adolescence. The last chapter is devoted to the prevention and rehabilitation of the individual. The work also includes a proposal for a research...
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Fetal Alcohol Syndrome - The Effect of Alcohol Abuse during Pregnancy on Early Psychomotor Development of the Child
Mrázová, Kateřina ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor) ; Hrdličková, Markéta (referee)
The thesis devotes to the negative effects of alcohol abuse during pregnancy on early psychical development of the child. It surveys the problematic fields of development of the children who were prenatally exposed to alcohol. The theoretical survey is accompanied by qualitative empirical part, which contains four case studies of children in the age of 6 - 72 weeks whose mothers were drinking alcohol during pregnancy. There are several problematic areas in the development of these children, for example growth deficit, retardation of the psychomotor development (especially in speech, gross motor skills and social behaviour), attachment disorders and eating disorders. These signs correspond to the scientific literature, but there are differences in the extent and frequency in the children Key words: alcohol, fetal alcohol syndrome, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, early psychomotor development
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Cultural and cross - curtural psychology
Cerha, Ondřej ; Šulová, Lenka (referee) ; Soukup, Martin (referee)
The aim of the thesis entitled Cultural and cross-cultural psychology is to introduce the fields of cultural psychology and cross-cultural psychology in the Czech Republic. The thesis is a theoretical and literature review. The thesis mainly focuses on the study of relationship between culture and mental life of man. The author also emphasizes the challenges and limits of studies of human psyche in a cross-cultural perspective. Attention is paid to the four thematic areas of psychology: the influence of culture on cognitive processes, individual development in culture, the relationship between personality and culture and psychological aspects of intercultural interaction. Development and establishment of cultural and cross-cultural fields of psychology are presented in a separate section. Cited empirical studies show that cultural context has an effect on many mental functions. Keywords: cross - cultural psychology, cultural psychology, culture, psychology
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The psychosocial factors of perinatal care in relations with the patients' satisfaction, the conduct of delivery and the onset of lactation
Takács, Lea ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor) ; Dittrichová, Jaroslava (referee)
The aim of this study is to explore the psychosocial aspects of care provided in maternity hospitals. The study is divided into three parts: i) the psychosocial aspects of care for parturients, ii) the psychosocial aspects of care for the newborn, and iii) the psychosomatic issues in obstetrics. Each part includes a review of the relevant literature and a presentation of the specific research carried out for the purpose of this thesis. The first part discusses the psychosocial competences of healthcare providers (social support, communication, providing of information, etc.), while subsequent research focuses on the psychosocial factors that influence parturients' satisfaction with perinatal care. The second part is devoted to psychological importance of birth experience for the newborn and early mother-child contact, psychosocial needs of the health-risk newborn and initiation of breastfeeding, with the research section containing the inquiry into the factors that may influence the start of breastfeeding. The last part of this study concentrates on the effects of psychological variables on the perception of pain and the course of labour. The review of the relevant literature is followed by presenting the research results that show the impact of psychosocial factors of perinatal care on selected...
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Social-psychological aspects of childbirth experience and their impact on early parental self-efficscy of first-timee mothers
Kodyšová, Eliška ; Šulová, Lenka (referee)
Title: SOCIAL-PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF CHILDBIRTH EXPERIENCE AND THEIR IMPACT ON EARLY PARENTAL SELF-EFFICACY OF FIRST-TIME MOTHERS Author: Eliška Kodyšová Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague Supervisor: PhDr. Simona Horáková Hoskovcová, PhD., Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague Abstract: Transition to parenthood is a significant transition period in a woman's psychological ontogenesis. An important predictor of parenting abilities and well-being is parental self-efficacy. Recent studies show that mothers' parental self-efficacy can be influenced by childbirth satisfaction, which, in turn, is predicted by social-psychological aspects of childbirth experience, especially support by caregivers. In a longitudinal 2-phase research, we have followed parental self-efficacy determinants working around 1st childbirth as well as childbirth experience determinants. Using multiple linear regression analysis we determined that although parental self-efficacy is mainly prenatally determined, caregivers' support and baby's soothability can impact it positively. We have also confirmed the decisive influence of caregivers' support on childbirth satisfaction in our sample, which is representative for Czech primiparas. ...
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Comparison of Intercultural Competence of Czech and Japanese University Students.
Škrábová, Michala ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor) ; Gillernová, Ilona (referee)
Theoretical part of this Ph.D. thesis deals with the latest findings about intercultural communication and with important intercultural theories focused on two examined countries: the Czech Republic and Japan. It compares Czech and Japanese ways of thinking and behaviors using theory of cultural standards. An overview of current intercultural competence theories is followed by a description of specifics of intercultural competence and of possible ways of developing it. The theoretical part of the thesis is concluded by an overview of benefits and risks of intercultural research in general. The empirical part of the thesis compares intercultural competence of Czech and Japanese university students. The main aim of the study is to construct a questionnaire of intercultural competence, to design an observed situation measuring intercultural competence and to determinate a relationship between components of the questionnaire and the observation criteria. Next aims of the study are to determine differences in intercultural competence of Czech and Japanese university students, to compare them and to find out whether these differences can be explained by the components of the questionnaire. We were interested to what extent is the intercultural competence related to intracultural competence and whether...
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