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Changes of children's status in society: disappearance of childhood or childhood innocence?
Papoušková, Kristina ; Balon, Jan (advisor) ; Dvořák, Tomáš (referee)
My bachelor work is focused on the topic of childhood, namely its development and change in society. I introduce here the discipline of sociology of childhood - range of its interest, background of its progress and notable authors. I'd like to prove that childhood isn't only a period of time in life. I research infancy as social entity, in this context it is possible to compare childhood to social construct such as gender or social class. I define possible forms of infancy including for example the topic of disappearance of childhood. I try to emphasize that infancy wasn't always included in the same way in society. Last but not least I try to deconstruct the myth of innocent childhood, which is typical for Western culture. Apart from the theoretically oriented part the work also includes empiric section, which analyses infancy of three generations of women, who lived their childhood in different periods of 20th century in Czechoslovakia. In this analysis I concentrate on infancy in context of social changes and in relation to effect of educational institutions or child collective on children. I aim to describe disappearing infancy and the myth of child innocence.
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The Youth Consumerism and Its Interdependency with Economic and Cultural Capital
Beránková, Petra Alexandra ; Šanderová, Jadwiga (advisor) ; Pašková, Miroslava (referee)
The work deals with the consumerism of thirteen and fourteen years old youths. The authoress aims to answer the question of what extent the observed age category seems to be consumer in their attitudes and whether their consumerist attitudes have an universal character or whether it is structurally related to their economic and cultural capital. At first the authoress briefly presents the consumerism as a sociological topic. She pays a particular attention to the impact of social stratification on the lifestyle. As her main theoretical basis she states a concept of homologous classes of Pierre Bourdieu, from which she incorporates the concept of economic and cultural capital as the main differentiating principles affecting the lifestyle. In addition she presents the characteristics of today's school children in the context of Czech society and mentions the role of socialization in the transfer of capital and consumption patterns from parents to their child. Finally, the authoress describes her approach to the analysis of data on attitudes towards the consumption in defined age category. She introduces readers to research results, which show the prevailing consumerism of monitored group. On the basis of correlation analysis, the authoress notes that there are significant correlations between indexes...
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Sexual education through the eyes of two generations
Kothajová, Martina ; Sloboda, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Štípková, Martina (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the problems of sex education in a family and at school. In a theoretical part in introduces a definition of sex education and historical development in the Czech Republic since 1948 and further discusses its subject, methods, goals and obstacles of sex education in the institutions mentioned above. In the empirical part it presents a view of my communication partners representing two generations on the definition of sex education, the process of their own sex education and the idea of an ideal process of sex education in light of age and the depth of provided information. The research shows that they by the term sex education they understand especially those aspects that are related to one's sex life, e. g. organs of reproduction, contraception, sexual adolescence and pregnancy. According to the communication partners, the first information about sex education mediates especially school, but in an ideal case, it should be the family. That indicates the differences between the real process of sex education and the ideal case, which is also mentioned by the specialists. Even though there are still some imperfections in sex education both in a family and at school, a positive shift toward incorporation of sex education into a family environment can be seen.
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World of Children as Media Users
Kalivodová, Hana ; Gillernová, Ilona (advisor) ; Wolák, Radim (referee)
This dissertation consists of two parts - a theoretical and an analytical, empirical part. In the theoretical segment, there is a summary of theoretical knowledge about celebrities and their relationship to society and the public, a comparison between celebrities and real authorities, an overview of mass-communication and its influence on the socialisation of children and a series of advantages and disadvantages of the impact of mass-communication on children. The final stage of the theoretical segment characterises, from the point of view of developmental psychology, the two age groups that will be compared in the second segment. The empirical segment answers such questions as how much do children use media in their leisure time, what types of media are most popular amongst them, which celebrities do the children admire and why are these celebrities important for them in particular. The empirical segment is based on analysis of data taken from questionnaires created purposely for qualitative-quantitative research. These questionnaires were given to students in the 4th and 6th grades of an elementary school in Polepy in the Czech Republic (ages 10/11 and 12/13 respectively). The goal of this dissertation is to show the trending habits of children as mass- media users.
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Role play of spotaneons activity of childern in the preschool age
Luňáková, Jitka ; Marušák, Radek (advisor) ; Holemá, Irena (referee)
The thesis adresses the play in role during spontaneous activities children of preschool age in the theoretical and practical dimension. In my mind I have play and activities, where children are not organized or managed and have possibility to freely decided what to do. The introduction of theoretical part of thesis focuses on the importace and meaning of play in human life with insight into the history of games and lists some of its theories. The work is based on theory pf Jean Piaget, who conect the child's play with its intellectual evolution. The second chapter deals with the specific personality of the child of preschool age from the perspective of developmental psychology and development of society focusing on current needs of child to play. The next part of the thesis is related to basic characteristics of current- day nursery schools with respect pre - revolutionary period. The fourth chapter focuses on the meaning of spontaneous activities in nursery school. It identifies the role of adult in these activities, the influence of individual and social differenties of children on play and how influence heterogeneity and homogeneity of this group. The theoretical part concludes with a chapter about the game in the role and its significance for pre-school child. The practical part of the thesis...
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Development of Children's Education Programmes in Czech Television from 1992 to 2010
Havlíková, Vendula ; Wolák, Radim (advisor) ; Macků, Lucie (referee)
This thesis surveys the development of education programmes variety broadcast by the Czech Television from 1992 to 2010. The main tendencies of pragramme creation are illustrated on the background of specific political, social and technological context characteristic for the Czech Republic in the period concerned. The theoretical part gathers some relevant information from the fields of sociology, psychology and media studies connected to the socialization process, with special focus on children. One separate chapter is then dedicated to the issue of education programme definition, another to the legislative and further social role of the Czech television in relation to education. By means of annual almanacs, papers, PROVYS software system, internal and public documents research, as well as a number of interviews with current or former employees of the Czech television, the empirical part illustrates the development and changes referring to the period studied. The result of this is an extensive image of the main tendencies of television education development produces by groups or centers in charge. The thesis does not give a full-range account of all education programmes shown by the broadcaster, as with regard to the amorphous character of the genre this is not even accomplishable, but attempts to...
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The influence of education and traditions on the life and development of a village
Pechová, Renata ; Koťa, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Strouhal, Martin (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the education and traditions in the municipality of Horní Střítež in a comprehensive context. It presents an image of rural life and factors influencing the development of the village and contemporary life of the residents. Alongside principal education concepts, the thesis draws on an extensive context of findings from other academic disciplines. The first part of the thesis describes the historical context of the events that shaped the development of the municipality. Chapters mapping, in more detail, the current events, with particular emphasis on the role of education in the rural family and in the community, the school system and leisure time follow, highlighting the benefits of the traditional conception of life in the country. Theoretical and methodological aspects as well as the ethical aspect are relevant in the application of the qualitative research method. Key words: Education, traditions, leisure time, hobbies, socialisation, family, community, cooperation, participation.
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The Socialization of Czech Political Actors. The Attitude of Czech Politicians towards the Iraq Invasion in 2003
Vojtová, Veronika ; Šlosarčík, Ivo (advisor) ; Karásek, Tomáš (referee)
In the 1990s when enlargement of Euro-Atlantic organizations was slowly becoming reality, a theory exploring interaction between an organization and its member states gradually resigned from primary perception of the state as a socialized actor (socializee) and this concept was substituted by the notion of political actors. It was the theory of socialization that became more and more important in terms of examining impact of political organizations on political representatives of Member States, their behaviour and possible interaction between them. This recent and dynamic theory was often confronted with obstacles, especially in terms of its theoretical anchoring. Even within the framework of ongoing academic debate, this theory did not obtain clear recognition. Researches examining causal relationship between socialization and subsequent behaviour of politicians come up with various results. The aim of this thesis is to enter into this debate and verify the hypothesis assuming that the decisions of foreign policy actors are influenced by socialization of respective political actor. Verification of the hypothesis was carried out on example of Iraq in 2003 by the means of media coverage and official documents content analysis. Possible socialization of six foreign policy makers was examined on the...
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Free play of 2-4year old children in a foreign-language kindergarten
Masnerová, Lucie ; Koťátková, Soňa (advisor) ; Opravilová, Eva (referee)
This diploma thesis in its theoretical and practical parts focuses on free play of children in pre-school facilities. Kindergarten is the place of early secondary socialization of the child and that's why one part of the diploma thesis is centred on this theme. The theoretical part helps for a deeper understanding of play, especially with 2-4 year old children and builds a foundation for the research. The practical part, based on one year's observation, monitors development of free play of a homogeneous group of children and finds how the quality of play changes with individuals as well as the group. Another focus lies on comparing two separate groups of children in their free play - one group having long term experience with free play and one without such regular experience. The main method of the research is observation. The results of the research points to the importance of free play for a pre-school age child and confirms the influence of free play in the process of early secondary socialization.
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