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Physical activity in patients after surgical treatment of lumbar spine
Plháková, Michaela ; Dudová, Agnieszka (advisor) ; Novotná, Irena (referee)
Title: Physical activity of patients after surgical treatment of the lumbar spine. Aim: Main aim of my diploma thesis is to present an up to date review on the topic of postoperative physiotherapy in short-term and long-term phase after lumbar surgery and to find out how recommendations about postoperative physiotherapy are created. Methods: A systematic review on the topic. Results: The review answers the questions about physiotherapy after lumbar surgery in short-term and long-term phase and shows current trends and unique approaches in this study area. Keywords: Lumbar spine, intervertebral disc, discectomy, physiotherapy, physical activity.
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The influence of the Media on the Lifestyle of Teenagers
Richterová, Karolína ; Wolák, Radim (advisor) ; Lütke Notarp, Ulrike (referee)
This thesis examines the impact of media on adolescents' lifestyles, more specifically on two aspects of lifestyle, namely physical activity and sleep. Within the Covid-19 pandemic period, individuals were forced to stay in their homes, and all their social contact, as well as school and work obligations, shifted to the online environment. With this, screen time also increased, as did the associated sedentary behaviour. As they were all forced to be isolated, sports and leisure activities were also very limited or often also transferred to the online environment. The aim of this thesis is therefore to try to define the habits of adolescents in terms of physical activity, sleep and media consumption, and how these aspects are interconnected, and whether adolescents perceive this interconnection. The aim was also to provide some education to the individuals, where they were then confronted with recommendations for particular aspects of lifestyle (sleep and physical activity), but also recommendations regarding media consumption. As lifestyle was strongly influenced by the Covid-19 disease pandemic, the aim was also to see how individual students' habits changed within this period, but also afterwards. Within the framework of this work, qualitative research was conducted. Using in-depth interviews...
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Influence of physical activity on pupils with specific learning disabilities at primary school
Vatľaková, Veronika ; Bartoňová, Miroslava (advisor) ; Hádková, Kateřina (referee)
The diploma thesis the Influence of physical activity on pupils with specific learning disabilities at primary school presents readers with basic information and insight into the issue of specific learning disorders. The diploma thesis is divided into four chapters. The first chapter is about definitions and causes of specific learning disabilities. Education and the legislative framework in the Czech Repuplic are also defined there. The second chapter is about approaches and reeducation of individual specific learning disorders. The text in third chapter is about the development of movement as an important part of human's life and it also describes therapeutical activities which are applied in primary schools. The goal of this diploma thesis is to present a set of games and activties, which help the development of gross and fine motor skills of pupils, and therefore affect the quality of learning. The research in form of qualitative research survey is realised in the practical part of this thesis and it's described in chapter four. The conclusion of the work presents an evaluation of the observed areas in which the students fail and in which there was improvement due to the application of music-movement activities. KEYWORDS specific learning disabilities, dysgraphia, dyslexia, physical activity,...
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Behaviour and electric signalling of Gnathonemus petersii in basic neurobehavioural tests
Juhaňáková, Kateřina ; Horká, Petra (advisor) ; Frouzová, Jaroslava (referee)
Neuroscience research on psychiatric disorders uses a wide range of animal species as model organisms. Most notably rodents and zebrafish Danio rerio. However, the behavioral repertoire of current model species does not allow for the simulation of verbal and some specific cognitive symptoms that are present in many disorders such as schizophrenia or autism. The elephant nose fish Gnathonemus petersii is a weakly electric fish that uses electrical signaling for spatial orientation (electrolocalization) and communication (electrocommunication). Therefore, the experimental advantage of measuring individual differences in electrical signaling for electrocommunication and electrolocalization may provide deeper insight into human psychiatric disorders associated with cognitive and verbal disorders and expand the possibilities for animal modeling in general. The aim of this thesis was to describe behavioral characteristics in basic neurobehavioral tests such as the open field test, novel object type tests as well as in relation to their electroactivity. The results of the open field test are in agreement with previous studies conducted on rodents and zebrafish. The novel object tests were not so clear-cut. Behaviour was tested in relation to the size of the individuals and a positive relationship was found in the...
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Longevity -influence of nutrition and physical activity
Pausar, Martin ; Matoulek, Martin (advisor) ; Vágnerová, Tereza (referee)
Introduction: Longevity and the factors influencing it have long been the subject of interest for both laypeople and experts. One approach to studying this issue is the observation of individuals who can be considered long-lived and whose physical and mental condition allows them to continue living a high-quality life. Some factors that determine this quality can be influenced more than others. Lifestyle is one of the modifiable factors, particularly its components such as diet, physical activity, and minimizing harmful habits. Aims: The main aim of the bachelor thesis is to find and describe possible common features in the field of eating habits and physical activity in a group of seniors aged 80 years and above. The first objective is to determine the frequency of consumption of selected foods or groups of foods and beverages. The second is to record the prevalence of selected non- communicable diseases in the sample studied and compare with the general population. The third was then to ascertain the proportion of fat and muscle mass of the respondents. Methodology: Data were collected through questionnaire surveys, direct interviews, and supplementary measurements of body composition. The data were then transformed into numerical form and analyzed using a spreadsheet software. A custom frequency...
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The role of nutrition and physical activity in breast cancer patients
Kafková, Tereza ; Matoulek, Martin (advisor) ; Tesařová, Petra (referee)
Introduction: In most countries in the world, breast cancer is the most frequent type of cancer diagnosed for women. A key factor that positively influences the prognosis of patients is physical activity, ideally supported by nutritional intervention. Adequate physical activity has a beneficial effect on increasing overall fitness and prolonging life of patients in the metastasis stage, especially in the subgroup of HER2+ patients. Furthermore, physical activity also improves the mental condition of patients. Aim: The aim of this research is to describe the effect of nutritional and physical exercise intervention for generalized breast cancer patients. The effectiveness of the interventions evaluated was based on the data from body composition measurements and the physical fitness test that was performed for the patients. Methodology: Data for this research was collected as a part of the ONKO-FIT program, which was created in co-operation with the Oncology Clinic of the General Teaching Hospital in Prague and the 1st Faculty of Medicine. The duration of this program was set for 3 months. The program was executed by 24 patients. Data was completely collected and evaluated for 13 of those patients. The patient's age range was from 39 to 57 years, with an average of 47 ± 6 years and the time since...
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The Effect of Size of Residence on Adult's Attitude towards Physical Activity and Sport
Kořínek, Mikeš ; Kotlík, Kamil (advisor) ; Peřinová, Radka (referee)
Title: The effect of size of residence on adult's attitude towards physical activity and sport Objectives: The main aim for this thesis is to find out whether the size of the residence effects the attitude of adult population towards physical activities and sport. Methods: 957 of men and women from each region of Czech Republic aged 15-91 (mean age 41) filled a questionnaire SFSPA (Social function of sports and physical activities). Collected data were evaluated in a relationship with size of a residence of the respondents in these categories: less than 500, 501-2000, 2001- 5000, 5001-20000, 20001-50000, 50001-100000, 100000 and more inhabitants. Results: The results don't show any clear trend that could prove the fact that the bigger the size of the residence, the more positive or negative relationship there is of its inhabitants towards physical activity (PA). There is a constant difference though between the smallest size of the residence (small villages; less than 500 inhabitants) and the biggest size of the residence (big cities; 100000 and more inhabitants), where data from questions related to PA relationships are always more positive from probands of big cities then from small villages. Non-sportive activities (walking, dog walking, cleaning, gardening, family walks and mushroom picking)...
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Factors of cognitive superaging - a systematic review
Thompsonová, Eliška ; Daďová, Klára (advisor) ; Šteffl, Michal (referee)
Title: Lifestyle Factors and Successful Ageing: A Systematic Review on the SuperAger Phenomenon Background: As the world's population continues to age, the importance of studying the elders becomes more relevant. Age is one of the most prominent risk factors for diseases and understanding how to overcome or prevent the onset of any of them should be the goal for us as health promoting professionals. One of the straight-forward preventive measures is lifestyle. Objectives: The aim of this thesis was to assemble lifestyle factors that potentially contribute to the successful ageing of SuperAgers. Methods: A total of 6 databases were systematically reviewed using keywords established to help answer the review question. 654 studies were identified through the primary search and 10 studies were identified by hand search. After removing the duplicates, another 590 studies were excluded and 20 studies were selected for further eligibility. These studies were assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. Results: The number of studies finally retrieved from the systematic search was 20. Physical activity was identified as the most likely lifestyle factor to be positively associated with SuperAgeing. Social engagement, diet and adherence to cognitive activities were also found to be influential, as opposed to...
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The rate of physical activity of people with spinal cord lesions
Maráčková, Petra ; Vařeková, Jitka (advisor) ; Malá, Michaela (referee)
Title: The rate of physical activity of people with spinal cord lesions. Objectives: The aim of the research was to verify the usability of a non-standardized questionnaire for collecting data on the level of physical activity and other selected lifestyle factors in people with spinal cord injury. Methods: Quantitative research was carried out in the field environment of Centrum Paraple. It was an observational study consisting of a pilot survey of a sample of the population of people with spinal cord injury about the level of physical activity. We used a non-standardized electronic questionnaire "LTPA-SCI" ("Leisure time physical activity for people with spinal cord injury "), created by spinal specialists of Centrum Paraple. A total of n = 66 respondents participated in the study (male n = 53; female n = 13). The sampling was random. The criteria for inclusion in the study were a minimum age limit of 18 years, a diagnosis of spinal cord lesions with complete and incomplete spinal cord damage and participation in a three-week movement program at Centrum Paraple. The data were processed using descriptive statistics in Excel program. Results: A sample of respondents to this survey shows that Centrum Paraple's clients perform more physical activity in their home environment, a total of 86%. The age...
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Sport and Movement Activity in Scoliotic Patients
Šrámková, Anna ; Šafářová, Marcela (advisor) ; Oplatková, Lenka (referee)
This research thesis deals with the issue of sports in scoliosis. Its aim is to process professional studies that have examined the prevalence of scoliosis in various sports disciplines and to provide recommendations for sports activities for scoliotic patients. The thesis describes suitable and unsuitable sports or movement activities for patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and explores whether it is appropriate to prohibit movement for these patients or not. We assume that physical activity in patients with scoliosis is more appropriate than an absolute ban on sports. This assumption was confirmed in this thesis, although there are sports that can cause postural asymmetry and possibly even scoliosis. The level at which the sports activity is performed and the volume of activity are important. As part of the research thesis, a case study of one scoliotic patient was included, and X-ray examination was used as an objective method of evaluation, which was performed twice with a time interval.
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