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Conscious muscle activation in distal direction based on Vojta's principle and its effect on the power of the upper extremity
Pihera, Jan ; Katolický, Jakub (advisor) ; Šafářová, Marcela (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses on examining the effects of an exercise protocol on upper limb performance. Exercise protocol was based on the principle of voluntary muscle activation in the distal direction. The theoretical part sets out the theoretical basis necessary to place the approach in the phylogenetic, anatomical and kinesiological context. The study develops a view of the motor mechanism contained in our neuromotor system and is nevertheless very little taken into account in modern physiotherapy. The main aim of the study was to determine the relevance of the effect, in terms of upper limb performance, in the short-term application of an exercise protocol based on the mechanism of voluntary muscle activation in the distal direction. Methods: A total of 20 patients who met the study requirements were enrolled in the study, with only 17 of them (mean age 24.6; SD ± 1.6) completing the entire program and therefore the results of only these probands were evaluated. They were randomly divided into two groups in a 1: 1 ratio. Group A performed assignments in the form of a five-minute exercise protocol based on the mechanism of distal muscle activation on a daily basis, and an identical exercise plan with the opposite direction of commands was presented to group B. As part of the measured factors...
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Treatment in neuromuscular scoliosis
Štumbauerová, Karolína ; Šafářová, Marcela (advisor) ; Šonská, Kristýna (referee)
Bakalářská práce Terapie neuromuskulárních skolióz 1 Abstract The aim of this thesis is to present the methods of therapy of neuromuscular scoliosis in the Czech Republic and in the world and to compare their effects on the basis of published research. The theoretical part describes the basic anatomy of the spine, biomechanical view of the spine and its pathology. Subsequently, the concept of scoliosis is characterized, the classification of scoliosis according to different criteria and idiopathic scoliosis is briefly described. Neuromuscular scoliosis, its definition, classification and the most common disease in pediatric patients, where secondary scoliosis develops and is an integral part of the clinical picture of the underlying disease, are described in detail. The basic examination of idiopathic scoliosis and specifics for the examination of neuromuscular scoliosis are then described. Last but not least, the therapy in the Czech Republic and subsequently abroad is reviewed. The practical part of the thesis is based on a case report of a patient with primary disease spinal muscular atrophy type I who developed neuromuscular scoliosis. Based on the initial kinesiological analysis, an appropriate therapy will be selected. The Cobb angle will be monitored as an objective parameter.
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Perinatal brachial plexus palsy - comprehensive testing
Štěpánková, Tereza ; Vlčková, Blanka (advisor) ; Šafářová, Marcela (referee)
This thesis focuses on the comparison of the results of selected clinical trials in children with perinatal brachial plexus palsy (PBPP) in the age range of 4-6 years. The theoretical part summarizes the basic knowledge about the anatomical basis of PBPP, its types and levels of nerve injuries, the main comorbidities of PBPP, the most commonly used clinical trials, the possibilities of conservative and surgical therapy with emphasis on conservative therapy methods applied in the Czech Republic. The main goal was to determine the correlations between selected tests and verify their suitability for use in children with PBPP. Methods: A total of 14 probands with a diagnosed PBPP in the age range of 4-6 years (mean age 69.9 months; SD ± 11.6 months) were included in the study. All subjects underwent 3 clinical trials - Acvitve Movemet Scale (AMS), Brachial Plexus Outcome Measure (BPOM) and Bruininsk-Oseretsky Motor Proficiency Test - Second Edition (BOT-2), which were administered during 1-2 visits. Total and partial test results were recorded and compared in correlation analysis. Results: Based on the results of statistics a significant linear relationship between the scores of AMS and BPOM was confirmed (Pearson's r = 0.961; p < 0.001). No linear relationship between other tests or their partial...
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Clinical examination in idiopathic scoliosis
Fišerová, Eva ; Šafářová, Marcela (advisor) ; Ježková, Martina (referee)
The bachelor thesis "Clinical investigation of idiopathic scoliosis" informs about anatomy, kinesielogy and development of curvatures of the spine. Scoliosis is characterized as a three - dimensional deformity. The cause of idiopathic scoliosis is unknown. The thesis deals with two theories: the origin of scoliosis in a motor ontogenesis and biomechanical theory according to Karski. The main part treats of early signs of scoliosis, the benchmark examination, which can detect a deformity and clinical investigation of patients with diagnosis idiopathic scoliosis. The thesis informs in brief about prognosis and therapy. The thesis contain confrontation of clinical investigation of seven patients with idiopathic scoliosis and one case report. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The influence of postural ontogenesis on morphological development of trunk
Hladíková, Veronika ; Kobesová, Alena (advisor) ; Šafářová, Marcela (referee)
This bachelor thesis engages in an influence of postural ontogenesis on formation of anatomical structures of trunk. Postural ontogenesis depends on maturation of the central nervous system, which stimulates automatic, accurately timed recruitment of muscles to posture. At the same time with postural muscle activation, morphogenesis of the skeleton is finishing. As a consequence of abnormal motor development, there are deviations in bone shape and in setting of joints. The thesis is focused on the description of a morphological development of spinal curves, thorax and abdominal wall. The development of cervical lordosis and the shape of the upper part of thorax is linked to the development of motor functions of upper limbs. The significant milestone is an ability to lift and hold head above the surface in prone position. The development of lumbar lordosis and the shape of the lower part of thorax is determined by motor functions of lower limbs, which are firstly manifested by lifting lower limbs in supine position. The development of sitting, stance and gait plays a crucial role. The development of abdominal wall is assessed by presence, or rather absence of diastasis recti abdominis, which is related to the quality of muscle coordination in this area. Practical part of the thesis devotes to...
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Postural locomotar development in children with developmental dysplasia of the hip
Vavrečková, Tereza ; Šafářová, Marcela (advisor) ; Zounková, Irena (referee)
The aim was to highlight the context of developmental dysplasia therapy with postural hip locomotor development for children aged 4 weeks to 12 months. General examination was carried out in 9 children with disabilities in hip joints, degrees IIa- III. without contractures of adductors. We investigated spontaneous activity, and spontaneous reactivity. We compared the clinical picture of hip joints with the ultrasound image. Investigation of spontaneous activity was done by aspection. The test of spontaneous reactivity was taken using video and photos. Experimental results of our study showed the incidence of pathology in the spontaneous activity of 88.89 % children. Spontaneous reactivity was pathology in all cases, with various tests are discussed in the work. Ultrasound findings correlated with clinical manifestation in 66,67 %, but we cannot say that the proportion of patients will generally be higher than 60 %. Hypotheses were tested using the relative frequency parameter. The results are further discussed and compared with the assumptions by other authors. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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