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Empirické eseje o pravidlech měnové politiky a inflaci
Vašíček, Bořek ; Turnovec, František (advisor) ; Šmídková, Kateřina (referee) ; Macháček, Martin (referee) ; Babecký, Jan (referee)
This dissertation is divided into four essays, each of them having its own structure and methodological framework. Although each of the essays making the chapters of the thesis is self-contained, their topics are very closely related. Consequently, the reader will be able to follow the thesis in its unity. Essay I is a selective survey of the extensive, mostly theoretic, literature dealing with monetary policy rules. We aim at contextualization of the monetary policy rules in the existing monetary economics literature. We explain the logic, the inspiration and the history of the rules for the monetary policy conduct. We distinguish between instrument rules and targeting rules as two basic categories. Finally, we resume specific issues related to policy rules for small open economies. Essay II studies the logic of short-term interest rate setting pursued by 15 EU countries before and after the launch of the EMU. We employ econometric estimation of the augmented Taylor rule (TR) for individual 15 EU countries and the Euro area. Although a vast empirical evidence is available for the major economies like the US, the UK or Germany, there is an important gap in our understanding of the factors behind the short-term interest rate dynamics in smaller economies. We find that in the period preceding the euro adoption, the TR is a poor representation of monetary policy setting in most EU countries and that many central banks considered decisions made by dominant economies rather than their domestic macroeconomic developments. The analysis of monetary policy rule of the ECB features additional problems related to the heterogeneity of the EMU. We argue that results based on Euro-area aggregated series, commonly presented in empirical studies, are subject to diverse econometric problems. We provide some evidence that the ECB is concerned also with national information and propose quasi-panel analysis as a viable framework. Essay III explores the relation between the existing monetary policy and domestic price stability in small open emerging economies, in particular the 12 EU new member states. This work has three principal objectives. First, it aims at revealing the logic of interest rate setting pursued by monetary authority of each country. The linear specification of the Taylor rule, applied already in the Essay II, is accompanied by an extensive analysis of nonlinearities in monetary policy rules and the inference on their possible sources. We find that the official monetary policy is sometimes inconsistent with the empirical evidence on the short term interest rate setting. The second objective consists in revealing the determinants of the inflation process. We have found that inflation rates are driven not only by backward persistency but also by the forward-looking component. Third, we employ analysis of the conditional inflation variance so as to give account on the viability of the existing monetary policy setting for price stability. We conclude that the policy of inflation targeting seems to be preferable to exchange rate peg because it allows decreasing not only inflation rate but also its conditional variance. Essay IV seeks to shed light on inflation dynamics of four CEEC (Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia) and test when the predominant model of inflation, the New Keynesian Philips Curve (NKPC), is consistent with the data of these countries. According to the microfounded NKPC, the current inflation is related to inflation expectations and the real marginal cost. The empirical validity of this model has recently become a subject of major controversy in the monetary economics. Although we find some favorable evidence for the NKPC, it seems to be too restrictive model for small open economies. In particular, the failure of the NKPC to explain the inflation dynamics of these countries may be related to the assumption that inflation is related to forward-looking price setting of domestic monopolist firms while our evidence suggests that prices in CEEC have an important backward-looking component and the inflation is significantly driven by external factors like the exchange rate and the foreign inflation rate.
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Revision of an integrated management system with regard to the risk management methods
Šubrtová, Michaela ; Bednářová, Bronislava (referee) ; Vymazal, Tomáš (advisor)
The subject of my thesis is to undertake a comprehensive analysis of the current status of the company. In the thesis the economic and risk analysis. For economic analysis is used SWOT analysis, Porter's five forces and PEST analysis. From risk analysis, I selected a fault tree analysis FTA and trouble-free assessment of human activities HRA. FTA is used to identify the possible causes of risk and calculate the probability that an unfavorable risk occurs. HRA analysis is used to evaluate the effects of human error on the system. Based on these analyzes identified shortcomings and to suggest effective improvements for the company.
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Analysis of possibilities of setting up a business in tourism in Ecuador
Srbová, Ivana ; Petrů, Zdenka (advisor) ; Bakos, Tomáš (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with analysis of business environment in field of tourism in Ecuador. Ecuador is thanks to natural, cultural and historical preconditions for tourism development becoming favourite destination for exotic holidays especially among tourists coming from Northern America and Western Europe. The analysis of business environment is followed by a business plan, which could be successfully implemented in current tourism market conditions in Ecuador. The theoretical part of the thesis focuses on theoretical background of doing business in tourism, on methods of evaluation of business environment and also on necessary contents of business plan. The practical part of thesis consist of evaluation of business environment in Ecuador based on PEST analysis and the business plan of setting up a company, which will own and operate a hotel chain in important touristic destinations in Ecuador. The business plan includes identification of key persons, characteristics of hotel buildings, analysis of the market, competition, marketing strategy, financial plan and project time schedule. In the conclusion of the thesis is the business project evaluated with SWOT analysis, together with taking in consideration risks that could jeopardize the project. This creates a base for decision, if the business plan could be implemented in future.
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Assessment of human reliability in a working system
Labounek, Dalibor ; Kotek, Luboš (referee) ; Mukhametzianova, Leisan (advisor)
The present thesis focuses on the issue of assessing the reliability of the operator while operating CNC laser Adige LaserTube 8. The objective of this study was to perform a review of literature, which concerns the issue of assessing the reliability of the human factor. On the basis of the analysis was to choose the appropriate method in order to identify and assess risks in their workplace and then to assess the reliability of the operator. The practical part is to propose suitable measures to increase the reliability of the operator.
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Analysis of Market Potential for Škoda Auto in South Korea
Lee, Dokyung ; Lhotáková, Markéta (advisor) ; Cook, Gina (referee)
While ŠKODA AUTO, the biggest Czech automobile maker, has achieved strong performance in the Asian markets, especially in China and India with ŠKODA growth strategy, the home ground for ŠKODA AUTO has witnessed that the South Korean car manufacturer, Hyundai, has continuously expanded its market shares in Czech Republic. In this regard, this paper aims to evaluate whether ŠKODA AUTO can win the competition and explore an unseen profit opportunity by serving the South Korean market. The first phase of the research reveals ŠKODA AUTO's internationalization motives and expectation about South Korean market regarding its mission and strategy. Having identified the ŠKODA AUTO motives, the second phase of the research begins to analyze the current situation of ŠKODA AUTO in order to diagnose ŠKODA AUTO internal strengths and weaknesses as well as external opportunities and threats and to clarify ŠKODA AUTO international markets portfolio. The third phase of the research is designed to discover whether South Korea provides ŠKODA AUTO with favorable conditions to enter by examining political, economic, social, technological factors as well as cultural factors and psychic distance. Lastly, the fourth phase of this research deals with industry specific factors in order to assess market attractiveness of the South Korean automobile industry and to analyze the competitor as well as to reveal South Korean consumers' perception about imported cars in terms of barriers and drives to purchase imported cars.
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Indoor Robot - Local Navigation
Matějka, Lukáš ; Šolc, František (referee) ; Žalud, Luděk (advisor)
This thesis deals with the problematic of design and realization of autonomous mobile robot, specifically with the subsystem for local navigation for a robot controlled by global navigation based on self-organizing neuron map, possible chassis design and control of these designs. Obstacle detection system is designed as well as optimum direction finding algorithm. Final section of this thesis concerns the possibilities of future improvements and development.
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Source Apportionment of Atmospheric Aersol Using by Highly Time Resolved Characterization.
Pokorná, Petra ; Hovorka, J. ; Klán, M. ; Křůmal, Kamil ; Mikuška, Pavel ; Hopke, P.K. ; Ždímal, Vladimír
The effective air quality management in the heavy polluted areas has to be based on high-quality monitoring with properly designed monitoring network and targeted measurements, which provided information required to source apportionment. The study aim was to apportion sources of atmospheric aerosol based on highly time resolved data of mass concentration of size segregated aerosol, its spatial variability, elemental composition and OC/EC at three localities in the Czech Republic in the years 2008 – 2010, 2012, 2013. According to the size fractions ratio arose the importance of PM1 source apportionment because of PM0.15-1.15 mean ratio to PM10, which comprised 85 % at the monitoring localities primarily in winter. The main sources of coarse fraction in winter were coal and biomass combustion in Březno by Chomutuv a Mladá Boleslav and road dust re-suspension in Ostrava-Ravanice and Bartovice. In summer dominated soil re-suspension and primary biological – bioaerosol in Březno by Chomutuv. The dominated source of fine fraction was in winter coal combustion Ostrava-Ravanice and Bartovice and biomass burning in Mladá Boleslav. From the above mentioned results arose, that the highly time resolved data are suitable for source identification of size segregated atmospheric aerosol and enable to evaluate representativeness of monitoring station location and measurement campaign.
Fulltext: content.csg -  PDF
Plný tet: SKMBT_22317041913030 - PDF
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Geochemical study of processes, relevant to safety assessment of deep geological repository: Uranium forms and enrichment scenario in a sedimentary system at the Ruprechtov natural analogue site
Havlová, Václava ; Jelínek, Emil (advisor) ; Pačes, Tomáš (referee) ; Zeman, Josef (referee)
U migration was studied in order to better understand to processes of safety relevant elements, particularly U. The rock sequence on the site can be analogous to a potential rock overburden of deep geology repositories. A multidisciplinary approach was undertaken in order to identify and characterise U mobilisation/immobilisation processes within sedimentary clayey rocks with organic matter enriched interlayers. Both conventional methods and modern sophisticated spectroscopic methods were combined. Sequential extraction, wet chemical method and even spectroscopic methods proved that U prevailed in the U(IV) form in low-oxidised samples. It moved towards more easily releasable fractions with sample ageing (oxidation). The combination of SE, µ-XRF and µ-XAFS results proved U to be unexpectedly associated with As and P, leading to the presumption that U(VI) from groundwater was reduced to U(IV) on As pyrite. The evaluation of the hydrogeochemical conditions and isotope analyses then brought the results into broader context: Sedimentary organic matter within the sedimentary layers was microbially oxidised, releasing dissolved organic matter and providing H+ in order to dissolve sedimentary inorganic carbonates. SO4 2- could be reduced under reducing groundwater conditions, thus causing FeS2 formation....
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Statistical classification exit checking system at production fire car
Nikl, Michal ; Pernikář, Jiří (referee) ; Prokop, Jaroslav (advisor)
This thesis deals with the evaluation of the control system outputs in the production of fire car. In the first part of thesis is evaluated control system by company THT, Ltd.. The second, theoretical part, describes the seven basic quality tools, which represents tools for detection and analyzing of quality problems. In the third, practical part, is describes the proposed program, which serves as a simple tool for identification of the most frequent disagreements in the fire engines. In the final part is evaluated implementation of the proposed program in the company.
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Quantification accuracy of abrasive process
Řehák, Pavel ; Sedlák, Josef (referee) ; Prokop, Jaroslav (advisor)
In this work, there is described an abrasive process including technological terms with an identification of motions and a speed of grinding. Then there are described abrasive tools, machines, their distribution and description. Further technological factors on accuracy of abrasive process and some reached parameters of the accuracy and their statistic interpretation.
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