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The World of Meaning of the Young Intelligentsia: Intimacy, Equality and Difference in Central Europe 1956-1968
Nebřenský, Zdeněk ; Havelka, Miloš (advisor) ; Vykoukal, Jiří (referee) ; Pažout, Jaroslav (referee)
The thesis deals with thought, mentality and conceptions of the higher education students. It focuses especially on discussions and controversies between students and party, state or universities authorities and aims at frictions which spread in official discourse and arose from student demands on more space for autonomous activity. Its main concern is the way in which these controversies were related to power transformations in the Central-European dictatorship since 1956. As an example of young intelligentsia, activists of youth and student organizations at higher education institutions in Warsaw, Prague and Bratislava have been chosen. The thesis is divided into three parts. The first part researches on the conceptions of intimate, especially problems of youth sexuality, student marriage and living conditions of young families. The second part deals with the conceptions of equality in relation to centralized work-placement of graduates. The power authorities in the state-socialist society laid stress on social equality of all citizens, but paradoxically it produced strong inequality at a local level and undermined work, social and transnational mobility. The third parts researches on conceptions of difference. In this case, authorities claimed generation unity and culture uniformity for the whole...
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The issue of discrimination in the work procedure
Volná, Michaela ; Kocianová, Renata (advisor) ; Beneš, Milan (referee)
The theme of the thesis is the current and debated issue of discrimination in the wok procedure. Although the Czech Republic has already implemented the applicable European legislative requirements in its national law and the concept of non-discrimination is - from the labor-law perspective - sufficient, frequent cases of differential treatment and discrimination still exist. The thesis focuses on equal treatment and discrimination in both selected Czech legislative documents and the legislation of the European Community. It focuses in more detail on gender discrimination (the most common form of discrimination) followed by the institutional security of equal treatment, difference in pay between men and women, labor market segregation, the issue of reintegration of women and men into the workplace after maternity or parental leave, representation of women in managerial positions, discrimination against elderly women and sexual harassment in the work environment. Part of the thesis also focuses on possible approaches to solve these problems such as harmonization between work and private life, the company's social responsibility, and Diversity and Age Management.
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Political philosophy of Lord Acton and its influence on the political thought of 20th century
Virdzek, Andrej ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Šimsa, Martin (referee)
The Bachelor thesis presented here is concerned with the political philosophy of British historian Lord Acton and its influence on the political thought of 20th century. The aim of the thesis was to present Actons political thought in the environment of 19th century Britain and to show its influence on the political thought of 20th century. Actons political philosophy was concerned with many problems of Victorian age and his philosophy deals with many contemporary and historical issues. Because of this, I had to put emphasis only on some aspects of Actons political thought. Mainly on the theoretical fusion of Catholicism and Liberalism. The thesis is divided into three parts: In the first part I present Actons conception of liberty. Through the term of liberty I try to show the basis of his liberal philosophy. Every attempt to systematize Actons philosophy must start mainly with this term of liberty, because it was central in his thinking. Also his understanding of the word liberty is one of the things that distinguishes Acton from other thinkers, because it implicitly contains main premises of ethical teachings of the church. The second part talks mainly about Actons evaluation of the French revolution. I find this historical event very interesting and indespensable in the way that it presents to us how...
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Rousseau and his Influence on the French Revolution
Pravda, Petr ; Znoj, Milan (advisor) ; Šimsa, Martin (referee)
The "rigorózní" thesis focuses on the evaluation of Rousseau's legacy. It is based on the confrontation of two adverse pictures of his ideas. The first image sees Rousseau as a thinker who prepared with his original concepts fertile ground for diverse undemocratic regimes and ideologies. These always declare their allegiance to the loftiest ideals but only to perpetrate the biggest crimes and to deprive people of their liberty. The second image sees in Rousseau an uncompromising critic of social injustice who saw the only possibility for redemption in liberty and equality. In this case he was one of the most important thinkers who inspired people on the road to the victory of democracy and an author whose original ideas still keep to inspire and to fascinate. I argue in favor of the second picture. Rousseau's critique of the moral crisis is based on the disunity of modern social man. This disunity stems from the incessant conflict between our natural nature and the social state. Rousseau saw the only solution in the adaptation of the original nature to the new social state. This can be achieved only through an affective bond to a political whole. Just so can man keep his liberty which represents the basic value of his existence. In society it is no more a case of absolute freedom but of conscious obedience...
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Male and Female Identity in Contemporary Society Focusing on the Labor Market
Kudlová, Iveta ; Hubinková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Pauknerová, Daniela (referee)
The aim of the master's thesis is to describe male and female identity in today's society. The first chapter includes basic expressions connected with key terms gender and gender stereotypes. This thesis is focusing on equality of genders and the enshrinement of equality rights in law. This thesis also includes the analysis of the current status of women in the European Union based on data from the Eurobarometer and the Czech Statistical Office survey. The aim of the graduation thesis is to analyse the perception of men and women in today's society, to determine how strongly are stereotypical perceptions rooted in society, how is perceived the equality of men and women in labour market and how opinions on this issue differ among Czech Republic citizens and among European Union citizens.
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Gender segregation in the field of science in the Czech Republic in the year 2015
Houštecký, Lukáš ; Barák, Vladimír (advisor) ; Lukášová, Tereza (referee)
The topic of this bachelor thesis is the current state of labor market segregation in the field of science and research in the Czech Republic. The first part focuses on the historical context of the problem, definition of key terms associated with gender segregation, the funding of science and institutions dealing with gender equality. This part also lists some of the most important women scientists from the Czech republic and rest of the world alike and their contributions to science. The second part focuses on analysis of the current situation in the science sector from the perspective of gender equality using data collected from the survey. The data analysis shows gender segregation in the science sector to be a widespread problem in all its subtypes, mainly in the context of career advancement to managerial positions.
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Wage differentials Men and Women in Europe
Novák, Lukáš ; Bartošová, Jitka (advisor) ; Bína, Vladislav (referee)
This thesis deals with inequality in pay between men and women in the labour market. The goal of this master thesis is to evaluate and analyze income inequality of economically active males and females in the Czech republic and then make a comparison of situation between Czech republic and other member states of the European Union. Furthemore to test the level of denpendency between income variables and other selected factors. For the purpose of analysis and testing were used descriptive statistics and Spearman's Rank-Order Correlation.
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Gender Differences on the Labour Market
Benešová, Kateřina ; Bartošová, Jitka (advisor) ; Bína, Vladislav (referee)
This thesis deals with gender differences in the labor market. The aim is to determine whether wage differentials exist on the labor market, reveal their causes and overall impact. The theoretical part deals with basic terminology and concepts are explained as gender, mainstreaming, ,,glass ceiling", discrimination. There is also an overview of Czech and European legislation and institutional safeguards to ensure equal access for women and men. In the practical part of the thesis deals with the analysis of the gender wage gap, which is performed using pointers Gender Pay Gap. The thesis analyzes the situation both in the nationwide economy, but also at the level of individual professional categories of CZ-ISCO. Outlined here are the factors that affect the GPG. In the final part is mentioned the situation within the EU also. The work presents an analysis of statistical data, which explains the different status of men and women in the labor market .
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The Influence of Single Tax Rate on Efficiency and Equity
Kalašová, Hana ; Musil, Martin (advisor) ; Peková, Jitka (referee)
This thesis studies the problem of efficiency and equity in the area tax on personal income. The theoretical part describes the basic definitions related to this topic and the given problem. The practical part of the thesis analyses in details the single tax on personal income in terms of its influence and impact on efficiency and equity in comparison with progressive tax.
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Equality between Women and Men on the Labour Market of the European Union
Baracová, Michaela ; Legnerová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Palíšková, Marcela (referee)
The bachelor's thesis deals with the topic of achieving the equality between women and men in the labour market of the European Union and the related European Union's policies. The main aim of the work is to describe and evaluate developments in various areas of this subject, which are the economic independence of women, the (un)equal pay and representation of women in decision making. The research is based on selected indicators and available statistical data. The secondary objective is to introduce the Strategy for equality between women and men, which the European Commission issued for the period 2010 to 2015, to evaluate its contribution and to assess the fulfilment of the objectives that the Commission defined in the Strategy. The bachelor's thesis uses mainly the methods of analysis, comparison and induction. The data is processed and analysed from the perspective of the European Union, focusing on the Czech Republic.
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