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Between Defence and Resistance: Destinies of Eighteenth Century Protestant Communities in Eastern Bohemia and Haut-Languedoc
Kalivodová, Eva ; Klusáková, Luďa (advisor) ; Křížová, Markéta (referee) ; Durand, Stéphane (referee)
Between Defence and Resistance: Destinies of Eighteenth-Century Protestant Communities in Eastern Bohemia and Haut-Languedoc Abstract Based on archive research and literature the thesis compares the religious life of illegal Protestant communities in the 18th century Eastern Bohemia and Haut-Languedoc. From macroanalytical perspective it assesses the strategies of protestant minorities used to resist the disciplining efforts of the absolutist state. The confessional homogeneity, economic background and social stratification of Protestants in Eastern Bohemia and Haut-Languedoc differed. Yet, the contrasting comparison opens up the way to analyse the divergent resistance strategies. Further, the thesis examines the existence and nature of attempts to simplify the religious doctrine and to modify the liturgy undertaken by the lay and ordained priests and the worshippers. The structure combines the thematic and chronological approach, while keeping a broad perspective that encompasses also the economic and cultural context. First tree chapters outline and conceptualize the problem of prohibited Protestantism in both regions during the 17th and most of the 18th centuries. While in Languedoc the Presbyterian-synodic structure was revived (albeit illegally), in Eastern Bohemia and in whole Bohemia and Moravia...
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The travels of the prohibited books to Bohemia after the battle of White Mountain in 1620
Pourová, Miroslava ; Šípek, Richard (advisor) ; Večeřová, Petra (referee)
This bachelor thesis introduces topic of distribution of the prohibited books in the Czech Lands during recatholisation after the Battle of White Mountain. In the first part, author defines the basic terms "prohibited books" and "censorship". The attention is focused on the church censorship, implementation of censorship and censorship measures. In the second part, author discusses origin and history of the prohibited books in the world and in the Czech Lands and origin of their indices. The final part describes the handling of prohibited literature, the possibility of obtaining of the banned books by the Czech readers from foreign countries and circulation of domestic production.
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Antonín Koniáš: life and work
Komárková, Eliška ; Večeřová, Petra (advisor) ; Petruželková, Alena (referee)
Antonín Koniáš life and work This thesis is showing Antonín Koniáš as one of the personalities of Czech baroq recatholization process. It introduces Koniáš from three different angles of view: as a personality, as an author of indexes of banned literature and as a mythical figure. Koniáš's perception and opinions about books is accentuated in the thesis as well as Koniáš's impact on book culture on Czech territory. Koniáš is depicted as a missionary, preacher and writer. Based on Koniáš's Indexes and a study of expert literature, the thesis highlights his views and opinions. The thesis also compares two editions of Indexes and indicates the differences between them. The thesis also summarizes a knowledge about myths concerning Koniáš, shortly introduces his first biographers and tries to estimate the number of books which Koniáš burned during his missions.
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The Sacred Works of Domenico Sarri in Bohemia
Čermáková, Eva ; Niubo, Marc (advisor) ; Kapsa, Václav (referee)
The diploma thesis contributes to study of the Italian and Czech origins of the sacred music by Neapolitan composers from the first third of the 18th century. The first chapters of the thesis concentrate on classification of manuscripts with music by the Neapolitan composer Domenico Sarri (1678-1744) whose many works have been preserved in Czech music archives. Though Sarri demonstrably was a significant representative of the Neapolitan music production of his time, his work has not yet been adequately explored. This thesis therefore also includes a complete reconstruction of Sarri's psalm Dixit Dominus F major. In the last part of the thesis, this piece is analyzed and compared within the selection of few works by Sarri and his contemporaries with the aim to specify some of the general and individual aspects of Sarri's musical thinking.
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Progres of Criminal Law in 18th Century in Our Countries
Zíka, Tomáš ; Malý, Karel (advisor) ; Soukup, Ladislav (referee)
The progress of criminal law in 18th century in our country The main theme of this graduation thesis is the progress in substantive criminal law and procedural criminal law in the 18th century in our countries. Part of the work focuses on the codex published in 1803, as it was highly progressive for the period. Its inclusion in the thesis was, therefore, logical and necessary. The whole development of criminal law in Czech countries has been derived from the progress of criminal law of the Habsburg monarchy, which Bohemia was a part of. As a secondary theme the thesis elaborates the historical development of the monarchy in this period, philosophical and religious orientations and beliefs, the greatest thinkers and previous legislation drawn by policy makers in the 18th century and often accepted in the first half of the 18th century. This work also discusses the progress of the structure of capital justice in our country, which focuses mainly on personal and material equipment and the reason for the gradual reduction of capital court. In a special chapter the correction progress of crimes against divine majesty, on which the opinion has changed over the century, is discussed; namely the change from strictly punishable crime to offenses and then their return back to crime. This chapter also includes a...
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The Court of Appeal in Prague in the Second Half of the 18th Century.
Šalak, Boris ; Hojda, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Šouša, Jiří (referee)
The Court of Appeal in Prague in the second half of the 18th century This thesis describes the development of The Court of Appeal in Prague between the years 1749 and 1850. The main aim of this thesis is the description of the role of this court in the system of justice in the second half of the eighteen century and the description of the effects of reforms of Maria Theresa and Joseph II on the constitution, structure and function of the court. In the form, which the court acquired at the time of the rule of Joseph II, the court remained for another sixty years. The Court of Appeal in Prague was founded in the year 1548. From the beginning it was a royal court and was empowered to hear appeals of municipal courts. Its competence was extended during the ages. On the contrary the district of the court was limited during the eighteen century only to Bohemia. In the year 1850 the court was transformed into Higher Regional Court in Prague. Keywords: justice, history of the public administration, 18th century.
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Salieri's Axur Re d'Ormus in Prague 1788
Bastlová, Eliška ; Niubo, Marc (advisor) ; Jakubcová, Alena (referee)
The master thesis deals with the Antonio Salieri's opera Axur, Re d'Ormus and its premiere in 1788 at Nostitz Theatre in Prague. First part of thesis represents source research. On the basis of printed librettos, playbills and periodicals we can observe presence of Salieri's operas in repertory of Prague theaters from 1773 to 1806. Main part of thesis constitute musical and dramatic analysis of Salieri's Axur. This analysis is focused to Prague "version", which represents printed libretto. Musical and textual sources, used in analysis, was furthermore properly investigated. Through mutual comparison was suggested stemma, indicated to relations between these sources and simultaneously to processes, proceeded during transfer of work between particular theaters. I pay attention especially to axis Vienna-Prague-Dresden in period 1788-1789.
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The image of rural france in the travel diary of Arthur Young
Borodáčová, Jana ; Klusáková, Luďa (advisor) ; Tinková, Daniela (referee)
The author makes an analysis of the book of travels by Arthur Young who from a position of a physiocrat observed and explored the economic situation of French country during his three journeys in 1787 /1788 and 1789/90. The traveller used his own experience of agronomist and he supplemented his observation with information from local landed proprietors who were interested in agronomics. He also broadened his horizons via conversations with his French friends . When he conducted a survey of conditions of French country he used his method of statistics which he introduces during his preceding research journeys in England and Ireland. But the traveller omitted the social side of the country life when using this method. The characteristic of this method was abridged of a general opinion of educated Enlightenment class. The work of Arthur Young is also a typical Enlightenment book of travels even thought the aim of his journey the author broke out of traditional destinations. The traveller delimited himself distinctivelly nationally in the French environment and for this reason he expressed his opinions from a position of Englishman. This feature is characteristic of the whole contents of the book of travels, no mater if he adressed himself to agriculture, behaviour and customs of French society or to...
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Transformations on the Camarillas in the Russian History in the 18 th century
Šínová, Lenka ; Stellner, František (advisor) ; Picková, Dana (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with camarilla changes of three Russian rulers. Sources and literature of this theme are dealt in the thesis introduction. Camarilla, favourite, favouritism and absolutism are defined in another chapter. Subsequent chapters deal with particular rulers, their accession to the throne, key government institutions and mainly with the most important camarilla members. Last chapter compares the three regimes. Firstly it goes in for qualifications of rulers to rule. Further it compares their favourites and then it focusses at the most successful persons who were able to maintain their position throughout several regimes and gives reply to questions if those people had common features which were reasons for success and if these positions sometimes changed or remained constant.
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