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The Weimar Germany Politics in Reflection of Czechoslovak Newspapers
Juranka, Lukáš ; Horčička, Václav (advisor) ; Soukup, Jaromír (referee)
The master's thesis focuses on analysis of selected Czechoslovakian party - controlled press a through it seeks to analyse attitude of Czechoslovakian political parties (belonging to to various ends of political spectrum) towards foreign and domestic policy of German government representatives and events that were taking place on the political scene of the Weimar Republic on the brink of its existence from January 1932 to Nazi seizure of power in the end of January 1933. Main emphasis of this thesis is on the analysis and interpretation of media reflection of political events taking place in Germany and political actions made by presidential cabinets headed by Heinrich Brüning, Franz von Papen and Kurt von Schleicher in the time of crisis, when instability of Weimar political system become fully apparent - this crisis eventually led to the collapse of parliamentary democracy and the rise Nazism in the interwar Germany. The thesis also deals with the reflection of parliamentary and presidential elections. Three central newspapers of Czechoslovakian political parties were selected for the analysis - Právo lidu of leftist Československá sociálně demokratická strana dělnická, Venkov of rightist Republikánská strana zemědělského a malorolnického lidu and Lidové listy of centrist Československá strana...
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Conservative Discontent with Liberal Democracy. Carl Schmitt and Ernst Jünger
Kúr, Jiří ; Znoj, Milan (advisor) ; Bíba, Jan (referee)
Liberal democracy is a representative goverment that combines the principles of liberal and democratic. The Bachelor thesis will be devoted to conservative criticism of the political system, which in the days of the Weimar Republic in german enviroment was formulated by Carl Schmitt and Ernst Jünger. The Weimar republic for the time of its functioning, in the period after the World War I and in the 30's, was under pressure from the extreme left and the right, immedidiately threatened its existence. On this critism of the serious crisis of the state responded Carl Schmitt in his work. The key work in this regard is the Concept of Political, which is reviewed by Ernst Jünger. This creates a critical dialogue framed by the German Conservative Revolutionary movement, criticising fragile democracy of the Weimar Republic and the leveling collectivism, the triumf of the masses of the individuals and the common man dictatorship, and the pluralism, which is a direct consequence of the deformation and degradation of parlamentarism. Key words Carl Schmitt, Ernst Jünger, the political, conservatism, nationalism, German Conservative Revolution, The Weimar Republic, crisis of parliamentarism, critique of liberal democracy
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Drug Policy in the Third Reich: Ideology vs. Practice
Staňková, Marie ; Šmidrkal, Václav (advisor) ; Kučera, Rudolf (referee)
This final bachelor's thesis deals with the topic of drug policy in the Third Reich and aims to map the contradiction that arose in the challenging conditions of World War II between the official Nazi ideology, on which the legislation of that time was based, and practice in the German army and among Nazi top leaders. In the first part, the presented paper deals with legislation concerning narcotics and addictive substances in the period of the Weimar Republic and subsequently in the period of the Third Reich, including several international conventions that were binding for the member states of the League of Nations, where Germany was a member till 1933. In the second part, the paper focuses on scientific research in the field of chemistry and pharmacy, in the thirties of the 20th century which resulted in development of addictive stimulants. Their use in the armed forces of the German Wehrmacht and among the highest Nazi leaders is then dealt with in the third part of this paper. In conclusion, the thesis summarizes the discrepancy that arose in this regard during the Second World War between the state-constituting Nazi ideology and war practice.
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Comparison of the Position of the President in the Political System of the Weimar Republic and the Federal Republic of Germany
Krautová, Tereza Rozalie ; Jeřábek, Martin (advisor) ; Brunclík, Miloš (referee)
The thesis addresses the comparison of the position of presidents in the political system of the Weimar Republic and the Federal Republic of Germany. With the adoption of the Basic Law in 1949, the Federal Republic of Germany built the presidency on a completely new foundation. The main goal of this work is to find out why the role of the president in the political system of Germany is only representative. A comparative case study is used in this work. The position of the presidents in the Weimar Republic and Germany is viewed from several positions. The introductory chapter contains a general classification of political systems (semi-presidentialism and parliamentarism) and the position of the president in these political systems. The following chapter deals with the historical context, specifically the establishment of presidential offices in both countries. The key chapters of the thesis are focused on the role of the presidents of the Weimar Republic and BRD from a constitutional point of view and later from a practical point of view. When looking for answers to a research question, it is very important to focus not only on anchoring the head of state in the constitutions of republics, but also to analyze the practice of the presidency, which may be different and move the political system in another...
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Bauhaus and politics
Benešová, Helena ; Kučera, Jan (advisor) ; Salamon, Janusz (referee)
This bachelor thesis examines an interwar period in Germany, so-called the Weimar republic. This thesis aims to clarify circumstances, which entitled to the end of one of the most influential art schools - Bauhaus. Interwar Germany was a state where the political clash was almost the order of the day. The reason was the disability to settle on the arrangement of the new state. During that time, the coalitions were unstable, economic problems arose, and the war failure disillusioned people. The skepticism about the republic in-between the citizens increased, and they started to support extremists. On the other hand, the revolution in the art sphere began. German avant-garde arose. The school arose and also died out at the same time as the republic did. This fact creates a perfect case to describe the political atmosphere during that period. The thesis is divided into three parts - the phases of the republic development, which are almost the same as in Bauhaus. The stages of Bauhaus development are a combination of internal and external factors. Analysis of these factors would be the main point of this thesis. The political background of Bauhaus issues showed us that politics and art are closer to each other than we could thing.
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The Political Thought of Karl Jaspers
Bojda, Martin ; Pešek, Jiří (advisor) ; Šebek, Jaroslav (referee) ; Županič, Jan (referee)
The Political Thought of Karl Jaspers - Abstract The aim of the dissertation was to interpret the thinking of Karl Jaspers as an endeavour to clarify the connecting lines between the basic characteristics of human being and its historical and political dimensions. In the book we reconstructed Jaspers' spiritual development from systematic-theoretical research to the engagement of a public intellectual. As his main legacy are shown the importance of the inseparability, of a mutual cultivation and prove of philosophical foundation and historical being as well as exploration. Jaspers is presented as an important participant in the discussions about the problems of German society from the 1930s to the 1960s, whose contribution laid not in a philosophically "more abstract" analysing of problems, but in discovering that social and political being cannot do without philosophical self-reflection of man, of the structure of human existence and knowledge and of the principial values derived from it. In his confrontations with the situation of German culture, politics and society, Jaspers enriched the public debate by cultivating the philosophical and methodical consciousness. He emphasized the distinctions between the nature and instruments of the different spheres of human spirit (of sciences, religion, philosophy...
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The picture of the New objectivity in children's novels from Erich Kästner in comparison with the Czech period book from Jaroslav Foglar, Záhada hlavolamu
Hubeňáková, Monika ; Zelená, Alena (advisor) ; Emler, David (referee)
- The picture of the New Objectivity in children's novels from Erich Kästner in comparison with the Czech period book from Jaroslav Foglar, Záhada hlavolamu The aim of the thesis is to answer whether it is possible to find common or different characters when comparing selected works of Czech and German literature for children. The research question that I put on in this thesis is: What common and different characters can be found when comparing German and Czech literature for children of the time of New Objectivity? The basic methods used in the thesis are analytical and comparative methods. First, I analyse individual books from the point of view of the set criteria. In the bachelor thesis I first describe the movement of the New Objectivity at a more general level, the context of the period from the end of the First World War to the Weimar Republic. The following part deals with the Weimar Republic culture, the so-called golden twenties, and the development of mass culture. Further, the style of the New Objectivity is defined, its formation, the typical characters, the themes it deals with, the influence in the various fields of art and its relation to the avant-gardes. The first chapter also includes the Czech historical context, the period of the First Republic. After that follows the...
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Socio and Economic impacts of Hyperinflation on the Economy of the Weimar Republic
Labuda, Filip ; Fabianková, Klára (advisor) ; Johnson, Zdenka (referee)
In my bachelor thesis I am focusing on the socio and economic impacts of hyperinflation on the economy of the Weimar Republic. In first chapters I am dealing with the analysis of long-term and short-term causes which led to hyperinflation. I am also taking into account German economic theory, manner of financing of the war in Germany and furthermore I am concentrating on the question of war indemnities and crisis in the Ruhr area. In the followingchapters I am dealing with the progress of hyperinflation and her economic, social and also political impacts. My aim is to confirm the hypothesis, in which I argue that hyperinflation had negative impact on economic and social situation inside the Weimar Republic. Thesis contributes to provide view of impacts of hyperinflation on German society in the year.
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Degenerate art in Nazi Germany, its influence and response in our country
KAŠTÁNKOVÁ, Veronika
This dissertation aims to introduce the concept of the so-called Degenerate art which was created in Nazi Germany. The dissertation focuses on the historical context which led to the emergence of hatred towards modern art and the subsequent impact of Nazism on the German art scene. The main focus is dedicated to the "Degenerate Art" exhibition which represents the climax of Nazi's attempt to ridicule and criticise the avant-garde. A section of the thesis concentrates on the "Great German Art Exhibition", which contained the official works of the Third Reich. As it was opened only few metres from the "degenerate" art, it can be seen as evidence of a well elaborated Nazi propaganda. The influence of Nazi cultural politics and the Degenerate art in Czechoslovakia and the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, including summary of the response from historical press, creates an essential part of this dissertation.
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