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Taxes to Caesar Mt 22,15-29
Jinková, Noemi ; Mrázek, Jiří (advisor) ; Roskovec, Jan (referee)
Do Jesus's words in Mt 22,21 mean that Christians are obliged to pay taxes? This thesis aims to answer the question mostly asked in the context of Mt 22,15-22, using not only a historical-critical method but also a dramatization of the narrative. It presupposes that the visualization of the text can bring insights that usually remain hidden. One important visual hint to the right meaning of the text is the costumes. They include liturgical straps, tfilin, which remind us that Jesus speaks - in an analogy with the Roman coin - not only about man as a God's image, but also about God's signature on a man. We see that Jesus's words proceed from the level of Creation - everybody was created into God's image - to the level of Election. God elected Israel to be his people. But in the Gospel, this at the same time is the point of transformation. Jesus himself, being asked a very tricky question, is the point of transformation. Being one of Israelites, he came to extend the election to all people again. The structure of concentration and consequent extension or release appears also in other contexts of the Gospel of Matthew. We see Jesus being socially captured and again released by other people or the linearity of the time of Jesus's earthly narrative being concentrated into one single year and consequently evolved...
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Kin recognition in humans
Kapicová, Lucie ; Štěrbová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Frynta, Daniel (referee)
This work reviews various papers focused on human kin recognition. First, it briefly describes evolutionary reasons for kin recognition; then, it deals with issues regarding the terminology, and it continues with the introduction of recognition mechanisms (phenotype matching, recognition alleles, spatial distribution and association) and of modalities utilized for recognition (visual, olfactory, acoustic, and tactile modalities). This work also discusses the cultural aspects of kin recognition. Cultural aspects are often omitted by authors even though they play an important role in human kin recognition. This works links the cultural aspects of kin recognition with the biological ones.
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Face-preserving Strategies in Interpreting
Richterová, Hana ; Čeňková, Ivana (advisor) ; Vavroušová, Petra (referee)
The present thesis applies the sociolinguistic concepts of politeness and face on interpreting theory and practice. Interpreting is, in its essence, highly face-threatening, which is reflected in codes of ethics adopted by interpreting vocational associations. Having insight into two cultures, interpreters can use their communication competence to preserve the face of their recipients or the speaker. For the Western society, it is natural to protect one's own face in communication; however, such efforts can collide with the endeavour to convey the message faithfully and precisely. The thesis therefore studies the strategies that interpreters apply in face-threatening situations and presents examples of what interpreters do to save face, including such events when face- preserving outweighs conveying the message. There is also a discrepancy between the conventional role of a neutral or passive interpreter as a message conduit and the role of interpreters as active communication participants who take the initiative. By analysing interviews and an online survey, the study demonstrates that many interpreters believe that their role is an active one and their impact on the output of interpreted interactions is significant. Keywords: face, politeness, interpreting, face-preserving strategies,...
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Paraphrase classical artwork - a didactic transformation and application of topics in art education
Košatová, Barbora ; Šmíd, Jan (advisor) ; Sedlák, Michal (referee)
IN ENGLISH This thesis has the character of theoretical studies on the topic paraphrase a classic work of art and its subsequent didactic applications for that grade school. It solves the problems of paraphrasing in the visual arts. It characterizes the aspects related to the topic, such as analysis and structure of a work of art. It focuses on the theory of shape as the basic building blocks of artwork and associated topics, which are: quotes, interpretation, image transformations and alterations. Art work is a continuation of a previous bachelor thesis, which dealt with the issue of land. It deals with the transformation of the original image resulting from the help of manipulation of individual shapes in the image, replacing the existing design to a new one. They are created in the form of the photographs from the area of pre-defined landscape Didactic section applies subject paraphrase the selected school and verifies and theoretical knowledge in practice. It depicts the topic paraphrase as a whole. The objective is to try and understand the basic principles that apply to paraphrase.
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The transfer of (im)politeness in interpreting
Kavínová, Martina ; Jettmarová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Ott, Libor (referee)
While the linguistic concept of politeness has been thoroughly analyzed, the same does not apply to its interpreting. The present theoretical-empirical work describes the means for expressing politeness grouped by G. Leechʼs maxims of politeness. The empirical part analyzes recordings of simultaneous interpretation from media and European Parliament settings. This is a quantitative study and the outcome is the number of means for expressing politeness which the interpreters conveyed into Czech. On average and in all of the material 65,7 % of means for expressing politeness were conveyed into Czech in compliance with the maxims. The means analyzed are prosody, non-verbal communication, modality, personal reference, etc. An equivalent interpretation of means of politeness was deemed desirable. The thesis verifies the hypothesis whether the level of politeness significantly increased in comparison with the original speeches. Key words: politeness, pragmatics, illocutionary act, maxims of politeness, face, modality, prosody, non- verbal communication, Czech, English, interpreting, equivalence, US presidential debate, Obama, Romney, Common Agricultural Policy, European Parliament, Catherine Ashton, forms of address
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The variability of facial expressions in relation to age and sex: pilot study for monitoring the treatment of facial palsy.
Danková, Simona ; Velemínská, Jana (advisor) ; Schmidová, Kamila (referee)
This thesis deals with the analysis of 3D morphological changes and variability in the shape and form of facial expression during five specifically defined facial expressions (raising eyebrows, close both eyes, lips pursing, inflating both cheeks, smile). Changes in facial expression were evaluated in relation to sexual dimorphism and age category of probands using the methods of geometric morphometrics (Dense Correspondence Analysis, Paired Analysis, Principal Component Analysis, Shell-to-Shell Deviation) in program Morphome3cs and RapidForm. The analysis consisted of evaluating the surface of soft tissue changes that occur due to the contraction of facial muscles. Materials used for the analysis are 3D surface facial models of adult healthy people of the Czech nationality (63 women, 58 men) in the age interval 20-60 years. We considered methodology based on Paired Analysis to be more accurate, when we worked only with differences between the neutral expression and facial expression. By choosing a Paired Analysis, we prevented the morphological features of the face from being reflected into the results. Morphological features are a manifestation of sexual dimorphism or age factor as such, but they are not themselves the essence of facial expression. In this way, we analyzed the shape of the face after...
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Aspects of Politeness in a Classroom of English as a Second Language
Šubertová, Aneta ; Pípalová, Renata (advisor) ; Matuchová, Klára (referee)
This thesis deals with politeness and its realization in a classroom discourse. The theoretical part describes the most influential politeness theories and also the findings on the topic of teaching pragmatics and linguistic politeness. The research in the thesis focuses on analysis of teachers' verbal realizations of politeness as found in the recordings of four English lessons. The research was designed to verify the two hypotheses: (1) teachers are basically polite in a classroom of English as a second language and (2) politeness strategies of Czech teachers of English differ from those of native speaking teachers. The analytical part adopts the viewpoint of Brown and Levinson's positive and negative politeness. The last part of the thesis aims at summarizing the implications that this thesis, its theoretical summary and its research, have for teaching English as a second language.
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The I-Thou relationship of Martin Buber and its radicalization by Emmanuel Levinas
Kroupová, Dana ; Noble, Ivana (advisor) ; Fischer, Ondřej (referee)
In this thesis I explore the relation in Buber's and Levinas's understanding. Both of these Jew philosophers endeavoured to describe an essence of genuine dialogue and both saw in dialogue the word that turns to a Thou, the primal deed of spirit. Nevertheless in spite of these similarities there are also a differences in their understanding of a dynamics within the genuine dialogue. Whereas Buber talks about a reciprocity in such a relation Levinas asserts that there is an asymmetry there and therefore he radicalizes Buber's conception and responsibility towards the other. In the first part of my thesis I focus on important influences on Buber's and Levinas' lives and introduce a "poetics" of their understanding of a genuine dialogue based particularly on their main piece of work: Buber's I and Thou and Levinas's Totality and Infinity. Although there was a communication between these two thinkers according to some philosophers it often exhibited a lack of dialogue and a failure to understand each other. Therefore I outline the similarities and differences in detail in the final chapters. Keywords Buber, Levinas, Rosenzweig, I - Thou relationship, face, reciprocity, asymmetry, responsibility, ethics, infinity
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