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Voltammetric Determination of 4-Nitrobiphenyl at a Mercury Meniscus Modified Silver Solid Amalgam Electrode
Horáková, Eva ; Schwarzová, Karolina (referee) ; Barek, Jiří (advisor)
The presented bachelor thesis is devoted to study of electrochemical behavior of 4-nitrobiphenyl (4-NBP) and to finding of optimum conditions for its' determination using direct current voltammetry (DCV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) at a mercury meniscus modified silver solid amalgam electrode (m-AgSAE). The aim was to achieve the lowest possible limit of determination and to verify the applicability of the newly developed method for determination of 4-NBP in model samples of drinking water. Methanol-acetate buffer pH 4,8 (3:7) was found as an optimum medium for the determination of 4 NBP at a m-AgSAE in deionized water. During DCV it is not necessary to apply electrochemical regeneration of the working electrode, during DPV it is proper to apply following regeneration potentials: Ereg,1 = 0 mV, Ereg,2 = -1300 mV. The concentration dependence of the peak current was found to be linear for both methods for 10-5, 10-6 and 10-7 mol∙l-1 concentration ranges. The limit of determination of 4-NBP both by DCV and by DPV is 2∙10-7 mol∙l-1. The optimum medium for the determination of 4-NBP in drinking water is the mixture of the sample and acetate buffer pH 4,8 in the 9:1 ratio.. During DCV regeneration was not applied, during DPV it was applied with the following regeneration potentials: Ereg,1...
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Air Pollution and its health effects
Slyngstad, Maria Strom ; Černá, Milena (advisor)
This paper gives an up to date review of the health risks and complains of air pollution with focus on selected studies done in Norway and in Czech Republic on the topic. Air pollution consists of many different components including particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). It is well known that with rapid industrialization, urbanization and migration, particularly in the developing world, there is a general deterioration of environmental conditions. In addition to inadequate housing, sanitation, poor water supply and malnutrition populations have been exposed to raising levels of air pollution. Despite the vast improvements in health globally over the past several decades, environmental factors remain a major cause of sickness and death in many regions of the world. The health effects caused by air pollutants may range from subtle biochemical and physiological changes to difficulty in breathing, wheezing, coughing and aggravation of existing respiratory and cardiac conditions. These effects can result in increased medication use, increased doctor or emergency room visits, more hospital admissions and premature death. The human health effects of poor air quality are far reaching, but principally affect the body's respiratory system and the cardiovascular system....
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Thermal Analysis of Interaction of Epidermal Lipids VII.
Wanková, Olga ; Musilová, Marie (advisor) ; Doležal, Pavel (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Fakulty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of: Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Candidate: Mgr. Olga Wanková Consultant: RNDr. Marie Musilová, Csc. Title of Thesis: Thermal analysis of interaction of epidermal lipids VII. The main components of epidermal lipids are ceramides and cholesterol. Using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), this dissertation explores the interaction between cholesterol and pseudoceramide 14S24, synthesized at the Department of Inor- ganic and Organic Chemistry of the Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague. Eleven samples of different composition were analyzed. The concentrations of individual components in the samples ranged between 0% and 100%. The mixture of components was weighed in measuring cups. It was then heated and cooled in DSC until subsequent records showed changes in temperature characte- ristics. The temperatures characteristics of individual mixtures were determined. Key words: ceramides, DSC, epidermis, cholesterol, stratum corneum, pseudoceramide 14S24
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Review of patients with musculosceletal injury treated during winter months in a highland hospital
Rousek, Miloslav ; Džupa, Valér (advisor)
Backround. The authors examined the incidence of musculoskeletal injuries according to their type and location in the period of winter at a highland hospital, which also functions as a regional hospital for a few winter sport resorts. Methods and results. In the sample there were 1644 patients (696 women, 948 men) treated for primary musculoskeletal injuries from 1.1. to 31.3. 2008. This was a retrospective study, the data was collected from medical reports. It included: age, sex, mechanism of injury, diagnosis and whether the patient had to be hospitalised or not. Age of the patients ranged from 1 to 95 years with an average of 29 years (31 for women and 28 for men). Younger age groups dominated among men. After 70 years of age there was a prevalence of women. Fractures were the most common cause of injury (653, 39.7%), followed by injuries to the joints' ligamentary apparatus by mechanism of distortion (379, 23.1%). Next in incidince were soft tissue injuries caused by contusion (325, 19.7%) and open wounds (241, 14.7%). The least common were luxated joints (43, 2.6%) and closed injury to muscles and tendons (3, 0.1%). The most frequent site of injury was the hand (404, 24.6%), while the least frequent sire was the thigh (17, 1.0%). Conclusions. In conclusion the study confirmed that other than the age,...
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Optimization of the Determination of Septonex in Pharmaceutical Preparations by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis with Use of Organic Solvents as Additives in the Background Electrolyte
Šindelková, Martina ; Pospíšilová, Marie (referee) ; Polášek, Miroslav (advisor)
OPTIMIZATION OF THE DETERMINATION OF SEPTONEX IN PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS BY CAPILLARY ZONE ELECTROPHORESIS WITH USE OF ORGANIC SOLVENTS AS ADDITIVES IN THE BACKGROUND ELECTROLYTE A new method of capillary zone electrophoresis with contactless conductivity detection for the determination of septonex in pharmaceutical preparations was devised. Optimal conditions for the separation and determination of septonex were: background electrolyte 30mM MES of pH 7.0 (adjusted with 200mM TRIS) containing 12.5mg/ml of (2- hydroxypropyl)-β-cyclodextrin and 20% (volume), voltage 25kV, temperature 25řC and sample injection for 6 seconds under the pressure of 50mbar. Arginin (200µg/ml) was used as internal standard. The peak of septonex was satisfactorily separated from the peak of internal standard as well as from the EOF. The analysis was carried out in a fused-silica capillary (internal diameter 50μm, total length 75cm and the length to the detector 45cm). The separation took less than 5 minutes and the overall analysis time involving appropriate rinsing of the capillary was less than 13 minutes. The calibration curve was linear in the range 75µg/ml - 400µg/ml of septonex, correlation coefficient r = 0.9997. The LOD was 13,5μg/ml and LOQ was 45μg/ml of septonex. The method is applicable for qualitative as...
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The assets in the insolvency proceedings
Metzová, Nika ; Kotoučová, Jiřina (advisor) ; Kropáčová, Marie (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the insolvency proceedings and mainly with the assets that play an important role in solving the insolvency of a debtor. The aim of this thesis is to provide comprehensive overview regarding the assets that will be used to discharge claims of the creditors and to inform about the range, the content and the way of disposal of the assets in the course of the proceedings. Furthermore, the thesis considers the possibilities of realizing the assets and satisfaction of creditors' claims from the profits of the realisation. For better apprehension the thesis includes also the exemplification and samples of practice of the courts.
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Early parent-child interaction focused on gender specifics
Hrdličková, Markéta ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor) ; Štětovská, Iva (referee) ; Sobotková, Daniela (referee)
This disertation i s a part of the grant task number 406/01/220 of the GAČR (Grant agency of the Czech Republic ). The solver of this task is doc. PhDr. Lenka Šulová CSc. The teoretical part of this work is devided in 6 main chapters. The first one is is focused on the analysis of early parent-child interaction from the point of attachment. The second and the third chapter i s focused on early interaction of mother-child and father-child. The fourth chapter is dedicated to the family from the point of the early interaction and we also try to define the main reason of the desruption of this early interaction. The fifth chapter is focused on the specifics of toddler' s age. The last chapter i s dedicated to the main methods and research in the field of attachment. The research of this work consists of an analysis of recorded play interaction of toddlers (age 12, 24, 36 months, +/- 2 moths) at home. The research sample consist of 30 children, 1 O from each age . The recorded play interaction were analysed according pre-defined categories (look, vocalisation, manipulation with a toy, physical contact, motorical activity, emotions) in computer programme V.I.P. Then there were set several zero hypotesis ( total 9), which were tested by ANOV A statistical method. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Photoelectric transport in high resistivity CdTe for gamma ray detectors
Dědič, Václav ; Šikula, Josef (referee) ; Franc, Jan (advisor)
CdTe semiconductor is a good material for the construction of X-ray and gamma ray detectors. Its physical properties are strongly influenced by an existence of deep levels in the forbidden band. This thesis deals with an influence of deep levels to the photoelectric transport in high resistivity CdTe. Experimental part of this thesis consits of measurement of slopes of Lux-Ampere characteristics of variously doped CdTe samples depended on voltage and energy of excitation. Gradients of measured guidelines of Lux-Ampere characteristics show strong dependency on an electric charge accumulated on deep levels. This thesis also contains numerical models of photoconductivity for various parameters of material.
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Analytical methods for the quantitative determination of statins in biological samples based on HPLC and GS
Kotlíková, Olga ; Šatínský, Dalibor (advisor) ; Nováková, Lucie (referee)
Analytical methods for the quantitative determination of statins in biological samples based on HPLC and GC Olga Kotlíková Abstract The aim of the present study was to review published analytical methods for the quantitative determinations of presently avalaible four 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors ( statins ), atorvastatin, simvastatin, lovastatin and fluvastatin, for therapeutic drug monitoring purpose. Almost all assay reviewed are based on either high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or gas chromatography (GC). HPLC is the most popular method of the two. Most often a mass detector and a UV detector, in case of fluvastatin a fluorescence detector have been used. Moreover, some derivatization procedures have been used to decrease sensitivity in some of the assay. HPLC-mass spectrometry (MS) assays offer improved sensitivity and selectivity but are not available for most laboratories. Besides, study on the stability of statins existing in solution with their lactone equilibrium products in a pH- dependent manner is included. This review shows that most method allow quantitative determination of statins in plasma or serum, in the ng/ml range, therefore they are suitable for therapeutic drug monitoring purpose of this category drugs. But still there is neccessity to...
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