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Awareness and Education of Parents within Postoperative Care for a child with Inserted Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt
Šikýřová, Kristýna ; Průšová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Nikodemová, Hana (referee)
This bachelor's thesis focuses on the topic of parental awareness and education regarding postoperative care for a child with an established ventriculoperitoneal shunt. The implementation of this shunt is a common surgical intervention to treat hydrocephalus. Objective: The aim of the thesis was to provide a comprehensive overview of relevant knowledge concerning the care of a child with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. Another objective was to determine how parents of children with the shunt subjectively evaluate their own level of information, and how they perceive the approach of the medical staff, including mutual cooperation. It also sought to identify possible improvements in educational materials related to the issue. The method chosen for processing this work was quantitative research through a non- standardized questionnaire containing 29 questions. The questionnaires were distributed among parents of children hospitalized in the pediatric section of the neurosurgical clinic for children and adults at the 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, and Motol University Hospital. The research was conducted from November 2023 to March 2024, with a total of 47 respondents surveyed. The results showed that the majority of respondents, 95.74%, were satisfied with the information about the postoperative...
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Origin and regulation of intraepithelial CD4+CD8a+ T-cells induction by Segmented Filamentous Bacteria
Pacáková, Iva ; Dobeš, Jan (advisor) ; Štěpánek, Ondřej (referee)
Segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) are member of mice intestinal microbiota with very unique life strategy involving tight interaction with the host's intestinal epithelium. This association with intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) induces strong immune response characterized by Th17-mediated immune response. However, recent findings revealed that SFB induce also huge accumulation of CD4+ intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) by the upregulation of MHCII expression on IECs in an IFN-dependent manner. Likewise to SFB, Lactobacillus reuteri was recently found to have a similar capacity of IELs induction. In contrast to SFB, L.reuteri induces IELs through the activation of the Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) by its ligands, which originate from the metabolism of tryptophan amino acid. Moreover, L.reuteri cannot induce IELs by itself and needs a complex microbiota for this induction. However, if these two bacteria can cooperate in the induction of IELs remains unknown. This thesis focuses on the interaction of SFB and L.reuteri in the context of IELs induction and investigates the contribution of each bacteria to the IELs phenotype. Data presented in my thesis indicate that SFB induce accumulation of IELs, however, interaction of SFB and L.reuteri induce full cytotoxic activation and vesicle secretion...
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Geopolitical orientation of Moldova - contexts of the cleavage line in Moldovan society
Janeček, Jakub ; Jelen, Libor (advisor) ; Volný, Vít (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the geopolitical orientation of Moldova. Its objective is to determine whether the country is more inclined towards cooperation with the European Union or Russia. Moldovan society has been polarised in this regard for a long time and recent events, particularly the war in Ukraine, have had a significant impact on its orientation. To achieve the aim of the study, content analysis was used, from which four main topics that divide Moldovan society in terms of the country's geopolitical orientation emerged: the integration of Moldova into the European Union, the war in Ukraine, the issues of identity, internal political division and energy policy. The findings of the subsequent analysis indicate that Moldova is shifting towards the European Union, especially in recent years. However, opinions on the orientation of the country are not unanimous in either the political or the social sphere, and it is in the country's best interest to maintain good relations with both sides. Keywords: Moldova, orientation, Russia, European Union, cleavages
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Os cordis in mammals
Macháčková, Eliška ; Robovský, Jan (advisor) ; Pyszko, Martin (referee)
This thesis focuses on the study of the os cordis, a specific anatomical structure located in the region of the fibrous trigones of the heart muscleIt serves with a high probability as mechanical support for the aorta and atrioventricular valves during the cardiac cycle. As part of the work, the os cordis was analyzed using computed tomography (CT) on a quite large taxa sampling of hearts of various species, obtained mainly in cooperation with Czech zoological gardens. This study also includes a review of published literature. All data obtained from our own research and from literary sources, were subsequently subjected to statistical and phylogenetic analyses in order to identify relationships between the investigated parameters. Considering detected correlations, we could recommned to collect at least these data in future studies: heart weight, volume and density of os cordis. Reconstructions of os cordis evolution detected quite complex evolution of this heterotypic bone. Until now, no study has been published including such an extensive dataset of samples in combination with the use of modern radiological techniques, and therefore this work brings perhaps new perspectives to the issue of the os cordis and thus contributes to the expansion of knowledge about this interesting anatomical...
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Multicriterial Tool for Analysis and Predict Human Thermal Stress
Řehák Kopečková, Barbora ; Soukup,, Radek (referee) ; Kolářová,, Jana (referee) ; Jícha, Miroslav (advisor)
The thesis is concerned with the development of a multi-criteria tool capable of determining, for given input conditions, the most appropriate model for predicting the thermal state of a person in a protective suit, based on developed objective decision scheme. Four heat stress indices or physiological models were selected for the development of this tool: PHS (Predicted Heat Strain), IPHS (Individual Predicted Heat Strain), Gagg's 2-node model and the FMTK model. The algorithms of PHS, IPHS and Gagge were implemented in Matlab. Subsequently, all 4 models were validated against the experimental results. Based on the results of the validations, the applicability of these models for predicting human heat stress was verified. For some models, the applicability conditions were possible to extend. The accuracy of rectal temperature prediction was the main criteria. Furthermore, based on the results of the validation studies, metrics were selected to build an objective decision system. This was used to select the most appropriate model for the given environmental conditions. In the cooperation with SÚJCHBO, the data for model validation were delivered: 140 tests were carried out for 4 protective suits (FOP, Tyhem, Tiger, OPCH) and 4 ambient temperatures (-10, 5, 25 and 35 °C). 12 test persons were involved, 6 male test persons aged 29-53 years, 170-187 cm tall and weighing 69-92 kg, and 6 female test persons aged 28-49 years, 158-176 cm tall and weighing 56-71 kg. In total, 1987 simulations have been carried out using selected models, for different initial values of rectum and skin temperature, and for different estimates of metabolic activity. A look-up table was created to find the most appropriate model for the given conditions according to the inputs to the multicriteria tool via a decision scheme, based on the evaluation of the results of the simulations against the experiments in terms of the MAE (Mean Absolute Error) and the difference between the predicted and measured rectal temperature at the end of the test. Finally, the resulting multicriteria tool was created in Excel, including a graphical interface for entering values.
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Education of Culture Heritage in a Public Space, The Way to The National Theatre
Vybíralová, Kateřina ; Sládková, Kateřina (advisor) ; Havlůjová, Hana (referee)
The aim of the master's thesis is a production and a realization of an educational programme in a cooperation with the National theatre for students at high schools. The theoretical part of the thesis is connected on published books of methodology of education of culture heritage and alternative ways of an interpretation. Thanks to these, the thesis is looking for a possibility of a public space for an education. In the second part is the thesis focused on a historical progression of the Czech professional theatre in Prague during years 1743-1892. Based this knowledge is realizing the educational programme in a public space of the Old Town and the New Town in the vicinity of the historical building of The National Theatre. The educational programme is using methodology descripted in the theoretical part which means a geocaching, an audio guide and a drama education. The practical part of the thesis is finished by reflection of the programme. KEYWORDS National theatre, escape game, audio guide, drama education, public space
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Development of readership through peer teaching
Reischlová, Anna ; Laufková, Veronika (advisor) ; Vallin, Petra (referee)
The thesis deals with the development of reading through peer learning and the search for examples of good practice in the current school environment in the Czech Republic. Formally, the thesis is divided into theoretical and empirical parts. The theoretical part of the thesis is devoted to the development of reading, the characteristics of the RWCT program, CORI and Reciprocal Teaching. It goes on to describe the incorporation of project- based learning and peer learning methods. The research section of the thesis includes a description of a multi-case study that describes good practice in developing literacy through peer-led learning. The research was carried out in three different Prague schools and is based on four visited reading lessons (Seberov Primary School - a whole-school reading event focusing on peer collaboration in home and expert groups, Ly¢ékovo namésti primary school - a reading lesson accompanied by the collaboration of 1st and 3rd grade pupils, Mohylova primary school - a reading lesson led by 3rd grade pupils, and a reading lesson led by 3rd grade pupils. class in Sluni¢éko pod strechou kindergarten and cooperation of 5th and Ist grade in reading the final verbal report) Through observation and interviews with the actors of reading events, conclusions are drawn for their own...
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Women of important composers, involved in music
Chvalová, Viola ; Palkovská, Jana (advisor) ; Tichá, Libuše (referee)
In this thesis, I summarize the personal and professional profiles of a selection of musically active women who lived alongside prominent composers. These are six women artists from the Baroque to the 20th century. In each chapter, a different element of their lives became the focus of my interest. Sometimes, given the paucity of reliable sources of information (especially in relation to the Baroque period), this is merely a summary of hypotheses, sometimes I focus more on the professional side of the personality, and sometimes on personal and family matters. The thesis deals with sections of music history with which the general public is not so familiar and yet which I suppose deserve to be known. I focus on the virtuoso of the seventeenth-century harpsichordist Marie-Rose Dubois, who, alongside her husband J. B. Forqueray, was a concert artist, the singer and important creator of the Bach manuscripts Anna Magdalena Bachová, the outstanding singer of the classical period Josefina Dušková, the wife of the Czech composer F. X. Dušek. I also deal with the harpist and composer Sophie Corri-Dussek, wife of the musical bohemian J. L. Dusik, the most important 19th century pianist Clara Schumann and the opera singer Berta Lauterer, partner of the Czech composer J. B. Foerster. There are, of course, many...
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Tau proteins cooperatively assemble into cohesive envelopes that protect microtubules against severing enzymes
Siahaan, Valerie ; Braun, Marcus (advisor) ; Middelkoop, Teije Corneel (referee) ; Piliarik, Marek (referee)
Tau is a microtubule-associated protein that is preferentially found in the neuronal axons. In neu- rodegenerative diseases, collectively termed tauopathies, malfunction of tau and its detachment from axonal microtubules, often associated with abnormal phosphorylation of tau, are correlated with axonal degeneration and loss of microtubule mass (Kneynsberg et al., 2017). Tau can protect microtubules from microtubule-degrading enzymes such as katanin (Qiang et al., 2006) and regulate transport by molecular motors along the microtubule (Vershinin et al., 2007; Dixit et al., 2008). However, how tau carries out these regulatory functions is still unclear. Using in vitro re- constitution and TIRF microscopy, we show that tau molecules can bind to microtubules in two distinct modes: either as (i) single tau molecules independently diffusing on the microtubule sur- face, or (ii) cooperatively-bound tau that form a cohesive tau "envelope" enclosing the microtubule lattice (Siahaan et al., 2019; Tanetal., 2019; Siahaan et al., 2022). We found that tau envelope formation alters the spacing of tubulin dimers within the microtubule lattice, where envelope for- mation compacted the underlying lattice, and lattice extension induced tau envelope disassembly (Siahaan et al., 2022). Tau envelopes form a selectively...
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Modern vibrodiagnostics of machines and evaluation of datasets by neural networks
Koníček, Tomáš ; Holoubek, Tomáš (referee) ; Hammer, Miloš (advisor)
This Master‘s thesis focuses on technical diagnostics with an emphasis on vibrodiagnostics of machines and equipment. The aim is to carry out research on vibration monitoring using modern on-line systems and to investigate the possibilities of processing the acquired data files using neural networks. Vibration monitoring from Siemens SIPLUS CMS is analyzed, including a description of individual hardware and software components. The work also focuses on machine diagnostics using a real model equipped with the SIPLUS CMS system in cooperation with the SIMATIC S7-1200 programmable automaton. The obtained data will be transferred via the FTP protocol for further processing in the Matlab program. Neural network models will be designed and used, which will be trained on the measured data. Convolutional neural network model will be used. The results will be evaluated and a conclusion will be drawn.
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