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The evolution of foreign exchange market
Věříš, Jakub ; Stádník, Bohumil (advisor)
We will investigate the origin of money and its original purpose within this project report and main causes and reasons of the most important financial history milestones of currency exchange rates development are revealed. The last article is solely dedicated to current currency exchange situation of the world's market; its possibilities for exploits by both global and small scale investors; its own dangers within the nowadays financial system and the floating currency rates. I have concluded my thoughts about possibilities of future currency rate development in the very last section.
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HPLC Method for Determination of Lamotrigine and Related Substances in Tablets
Foltinská, Blanka ; Kastner, Petr (advisor) ; Sochor, Jaroslav (referee)
HPLC method for determination of lamotrigine and related substances in tablets Rigorous thesis Mgr. Blanka Foltinská Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Control The method for determination of purity and stability of lamotrigine was optimized. Lamotrigine was exposed to such conditions to reach its degradation into degradation products which are also possible impurities of lamotrigine. Several chromatography columns were tested and the composition of mobile phase was optimized. Chromatography column Waters Spherisorb 5 µm Phenyl, 4,6 x 250mm was chosen and mobile phase containing acetonitril : phosphate buffer ( 1,4 g K2HPO4 /l) 35:65, final pH of the mobile phase was adjusted to 6.0 by orthophosphoric acid. Flow rate was 1 ml/min, injected volume 20 µl, column temperature 25žC and UV detection at 309 nm. Linearity of this method was tested under these conditions. This method was worked up to enable its using in determination of content of lamotrigine and related substances in tablets containing lamotrigine. Validation parameters of this method were tested.
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Incidence inhalational allergies relating to allergological diagnosis.
Brablecová, Vladimíra ; Jílek, Petr (referee) ; Kudláčková, Zděnka (advisor)
Inhalant allergens are the most significant reasons of allergic diseases. Background: The study of representation of common inhalant allergens about patients of allergologic ambulance in Hradec Králové and the incidence of allergic diseases and related aeroallergens. Methods: Notation of positive answer of prick testing to common inhalant allergens and monitoring of diagnosis. A total of 561 patients underwent prick testing in the last two years. The group created 384 women (68 %) and 177 men (32 %). The mean age of group was 35,5 years. Results: The prevalence rates for inhalant alergen groups were: pollens (84,8 %), dust mites (44,4 %), animal allergens (42,1 %) and molds (35,8 %). Men responded more sensitive to pollen and mites, women for animal allergens and molds. The prevalence rates for allergic diseases were: nasal allergy (86,3 %), conjunctivitis (69,2 %), bronchial asthma (50,3 %) and dermal allergy (30,5 %). In the female population was found statistically significant difference in the incidence of conjunctivitis, dermal allergies (both p 0,05) and bronchial asthma (p 0,01). Polysensitization was very common, with 81,1 % of all sensitizing patients positive to more than one allergen. Conclusions: Pollen allergens are the most significant allergens which implicate allergic response,...
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Application of HPLC in pharmaceutical analysis.
Šestakova, Veronika ; Chocholoušová Havlíková, Lucie (referee) ; Matysová, Ludmila (advisor)
Determination of hexachlorophene in the product SEPTONEX ointment to the Department of Analytical Chemistry performed by HPLC. This method has many advantages over previously used titrate determination. The conditions of analysis are as follows: mobile phase is composed of 85% methanol with the addition of 1% acetic acid, column Purospher Merck RP C18, 5 mm (12.5 cm x 4 mm), flow rate of the mobile phase is 1.5 ml / min, sample injection volume is 20 µl. The aim was to optimize the use of methods, i.e. find the column using the modern trends in HPLC, which would allow obtaining precise, rapid and well reproducible results under similar chromatographic conditions. Based on the literature research were selected six different analytical columns with more or less similar characteristics as the column still used. In each of these columns have been measured solutions of standards hexachlorophene and solutions of ointment SEPTONEX samples at different flow rate of mobile phase. Other conditions of analysis have been retained. From the experiment showed that the tested columns is the most appropriate column Chromolith Performance RP18-e (10 cm x 4,6 mm) at a flow rate of mobile phase 2.0 ml / min. Another challenge was to find a suitable internal standard for faster and more accurate determination of...
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Website optimization
Snížek, Martin ; Raška, Ondřej (advisor) ; Tichý, Jan (referee)
This work's topic is conversion rate optimization (CRO) -- activity, that leads to better business and website results, higher company income, through detailed knowledge of website visitors' behaviour and psychology and consecutive website adjustments. Conversion optimization's goal isn't getting more visitors to the website, it only focuses on unlocking maximum commercial potential of them -- orders, leads or other goals. The main purpose of this work is to summarize this newly developing topic complexly, as one of the first works in Czech, and demonstrating conversion rate optimization potential on a practical example. The work consists of following parts: - What is conversion rate optimization -- which disciplines and areas it comprises, the optimization process, pros and cons of optimization and redesign and more basic information on conversion rate optimization. - Some of conversion rate methods: * Multivariate and A/B testing -- what it is, how it is done, technological solutions, best practices. * Web analytics -- what it comprises, what functions it takes, what are the technological solutions and their pros and cons, web analytics implementation. * User testing -- how to do it properly. * Personas and user scenarios -- what they are and how to use them. - Case study about conversion optimization of the website Kentico.com -- utilization of described methods on a practical example including the results of optimization.
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Energy dependency of the EU with focus on Russia
Braunová, Marie ; Vošta, Milan (advisor) ; Harmáček, Jaromír (referee)
The European Union is becoming increasingly dependent on energy imports. Especially oil and natural gas imports are rising as their production in Europe declines. The most important energy partner of the EU is Russia, which delivers the biggest volumes of oil and natural gas to european countries. The highest rate of energy dependency on Russia can be observed in eastern and central Europe, where diverzification of energy supplies is one of key issues. It is necessary to reduce the energy dependency on russian gas, but at the same time, it is important to build a stable partnership with Russia, which is striving to become a leader at the global energy market, where demand for fossil fuels is rapidly rising. Apart from searching alternative suppliers to russian natural gas in order to achieve higher energy independence, an important role could play alternative energy sources, energy savings or rebirth of nuclear energy.
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Analysis of unemployment in Czech Republic
Golasovský, Leoš ; Krameš, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Soukupová, Jana (referee)
Unemployment. One of the problems every free-market economy must deal with. Every goverment know that low rate of unmployment leaves more money in the budget. Everyone wants to have a job that they like and is well-paid. However what aspect primarily influence one's ability to find a job? It is said that graduates, childless women and people with basic of without any education at all have more difficulties with finding jobs. We will look at these three aspects (sex, age, education) and their relationship with unemployment and confirm or deny this statement. We will also try to sumarize development of unemployment since foundation of Czech Republic to present.
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The State defence guard
Palaczuk, Jaroslav ; Kvaček, Robert (referee) ; Čechurová, Jana (advisor)
When Hitler took over the power in Germany in 3 o. J anuary 1933 there was graduating pressure on Third Reich neighbouring countries. As the first ones, who felt the political changes in Germany, were representatives of Czechoslovakia. Hilter's increasing armament rate and his disregard for international treaties resulted in military preparations of Czechoslovak state for unavoidable ware conflict. One of the precautions was founding of "The State defence guard" organization. Hs main aim was to increase of security on Czechoslovak borders both in peace and in war. "The State defence guard" units composed of state police members, local policemen, financial guard and weekend soldiers from border areas. They were well traind for their mission in 1937 and properly armed and supported. The secret directive G-XI-2 determined particular activity of "The State defence guard" in the whole Czechoslovakia. Since September 1938 until March 1939 these units fought with German, Hungarian and Polish intruders of Czechoslovk borders. This work is dedicated to a preparation stadium of "The State defence guard" since 1936 till 1938.
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The Laffer Curve and Its Verification
Zadražilová, Jana ; Klazar, Stanislav (advisor) ; Weberová, Jana (referee)
The thesis deals with a conception of the Laffer curve. It shows up economic chain of events of the Laffer curve origin. The conception is upgraqded by administrative costs of tax collection, thesis put into the connection tax rate and tax efficiency through this way. Further, there is checked by statistical software relation between tax yield and tax rate. There is also made quantification of administrative costs of the tax collection.
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Řízení devizové expozice podniku
KRÁSNICKÁ, Martina
The first part of this dissertation, entitled Exchange Rate Exposure Management, addressed the question whether there has been a relationship between changes in exchange rate volatility and financial results of Czech enterprises and therefore foreign exchange exposure management is justified. For this purpose, the empirical data of revenues and exports and imports in CZ-NACE sections were used. Statistically significant results were demonstrated in the Section C - Manufacturing, where it was confirmed that profitability of sales declines with increasing volatility of the exchange rate. The nominal exchange rate CZK/EUR was taken into consideration, while a recent thesis (Klecka, 2016) showed that the use of another type of the exchange rate does not provide a statistically significant difference. In the second part a simple model called Estart was created in order to quantify the maximum impact of unexpected exchange rate changes in the profitability of a company and thus in order to start with the management of the exchange rate exposure. The formula for calculating exchange rate exposure is simple and requires only a few inputs as company total revenues, total expenses, the percentage of revenues in foreign currency and the percentage of expenditure in foreign currency. In order to quantify the maximum impact recommended percentage variations dependent on the time horizon were determined from the historical data of the exchange rate CZK/EUR. The company then receives initial information about the maximum impact of unexpected exchange rate change on their profitability and hence for example the potential maximum amount that makes sense to invest in exchange rate hedging. The model is also suitable for calculating the maximum impact for the specific payables and receivables. The Model Estart is for its simplicity usable particularly in small and medium-sized enterprises, which currently begin to address the question of the impact of exchange rate change on their profitability for example because of announcements of Czech National Bank concerning the end of the intervention that has been depreciating domestic currency since 2013 and also the complicated situation in the Eurozone. The next necessary step is to use more sophisticated methods in accordance with the principles of foreign exchange rate exposure management in order to quantify the impact of unexpected changes in the exchange rate on the profitability, respectively on the value of the company, mainly because of the management of the operational exposure, which is crucial and which is not addressed by this simple model.
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