|
Significantion of sumoylation for infection by selected viruses replicated in the cell nucleus
Sejpková, Marie ; Forstová, Jitka (advisor) ; Frydrýšková, Klára (referee)
This work introduces association between viruses and host cell with respect to sumoylation process. The main aim is referring to influence of this modification both on virus replication strategy and cell cycle. Sumoylation is essential process for cell regulation interfering with general regulation pathways including those performed by e.g. p53 or PML bodies and also epigenetic changes of chromatin. For viruses, sumoylation means stabilization of viral proteins and better timing each phase of viral cycle through viral protein. One point of view is competition of cell and virus for SUMO machinery. Viruses take advantage of sumoylation for inhibition antiviral defense of cells, regulation cell cycle mainly in apoptosis induction and in general for more successful infection. There are cumulating evidence of new proteins and phenomena connected with sumoylation mechanisms as well as viruses exploiting sumoylation for their benefit. Utilization and abuse of sumoylation by viruses point to future possibilities of cell manipulation and virus ability to intervene to this still relatively poorly understood type of cell regulation.
|
|
Phytoplankton in experimental ponds: colonization and seasonal succession
Hrušková, Lenka ; Nedbalová, Linda (advisor) ; Lukavský, Jaromír (referee)
Artificial ponds are excellent for the study of phytoplankton ecology. They permit repeatable initial conditions and sufficient replication of independent experimental units in complex experiments to test hypotheses about the control of structure and function in natural communities. There were 20 experimental ponds constructed in Kokoř nsko Protected Landscape Area, from which samples were taken and analyzed. This study was part of the EU BIOPOOL. During the first two years after the filling of the ponds the colonization and the seasonal development of phytoplankton communities in the ponds were examined. The phytoplankton species composition was determined, then species richness and relative abundance of individual taxa were quantified. Species composition data were compared with the environmental parameters measured (temperature, oxygen concentration, pH, transparency, conductivity, depth, chlorophyll-a concentration, and zooplankton). In the spring 2007, the ponds were periodic, and followed a similar trend over time (February- April). There were dominated by the following taxonomic groups: Dinophyta, Chrysophyta, Cryptophyta, and Euglenophyta. After installing foil on the bottom of the ponds, the ponds were of permanent character. In terms of environmental parameters, the individual ponds...
|
|
Sales contract in international business transactions
Kuba, Stanislav ; Kučera, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Brodec, Jan (referee)
67 SUMMARY International trade is an inevitable part of day-to-day life on Earth. It is important to be aware of the significance of international trade in Europe and of the dependence of relatively small countries on foreign trade. The United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (hereinafter referred to as "CISG") has been a great success in promoting and facilitating international trade in goods. As of 1 May 2010 there were 74 states from every corner of the world party to the CISG. Among these are countries from both, industrial nations and developing states. There are of course also several problematic issues concerning the CISG, such as that the CISG is not a "uniform" law for international sale of goods as it was intended to be or that the interpretation of the text differs from country to country. However, the CISG is the uniform international sales law of countries that account for over three- quarters of all world trade (please see Annex no. 1 and 2). The purpose of this thesis is therefore to provide a profound analysis of the CISG in order to prove that the CISG is a modern document which can unify international trade to a great extent and that it should not be overlooked and pushed aside by bussinessmen, attorneys or even judges and arbitrators. The first chapter...
|
|
Isolation of vacuoles from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgii suspension cultures
Ševčíková, Šárka ; Martin, Jan (advisor) ; Dušek, Jaroslav (referee)
10. ABSTRACT Šárka Ševčíková Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové Isolation of vacuoles from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgii suspension cultures Diploma thesis Supervisor: Pharm.Dr. Jan Martin, Ph.D. Page Count: 52 The goal of the thesis was to develop methodology for isolation of vacuoles from suspension cultures of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgii of the Lamiaceae family. The original concept was based on a method used at the Division of Pharmacognosy, Leiden University, Holland. This method proved unsuitable. After getting acquainted with available papers concerning methods of isolation of vacuoles from miscellaneous plant species and after performing a series of experiments, we have managed to introduce such method of our own which utilizes Ficoll gradient. Preexisting methods of isolation of vacuoles varied in data on lytic enzymes, incubation time, lytic solution composition and density gradient, too. We managed to optimize the individual steps, which led to successful isolation of vacuoles. The resulting method makes it possible to isolate vacuoles in a relatively short time and in sufficient quality for further experiments. Keywords: Baikal Skullcap, Scutellaria, vacuoles, flavonoids, ficoll, gradient, isolation of vacuoles
|
|
Information complexity of strategic voting
Palguta, Ján ; Doležel, Pavel (referee) ; Turnovec, František (advisor)
The thesis computationally simulates 10 different voting procedures for small numbers of voters and small numbers of competing alternatives so as to study the vulnerability of these procedures to strategic voting. This is followed by a study of vulnerability of strategic voting to the variation in the amount of information that individual strategic agents possess. The susceptibility to strategic voting is shown to be a function of the number of election participants, of the number of competing alternatives, of the used voting procedure and prominently of the amount of information that the individual voter holds about other voters' voting preferences. Once we strip the agent of the full knowledge of the collective preference profile, we confirm the vulnerability of strategic voting both to an absolute and relative reduction in the amount of information. A minimal reduction in strategic agent's holding of information severely threatens her ability of successful strategic manipulation.
|
|
Comparative study of closely related \kur{Asteraceae} species with different invasive status
ŠAFARČÍKOVÁ, Simona
Complex of 4 closely related Asteraceae species with different invasive status (native Bidens tripartita, casual aliens Cosmos bipinnatus, Coreopis tinctoria and invasive alien Bidens frondosa) was studied to clarify the invasive success of Bidens frondosa and to assess the invasive potential of both unsuccessful aliens. Among studied characteristics were included: reproductive traits (germination in different regimes, seed viability and seed production), growth characteristics (relative growth rate, biomass production and height of adult plants), tolerance to drought and competitive ability. The apllied part was focused on the impact of Bidens frondosa on species diversity of invaded communities.
|
|
EU Operations as an Instrument of the Common Security and Defence Policy
Nechanická, Barbora ; Dubský, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Sršeň, Radim (referee)
The Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) noted a relatively fast progress during its eleven-year existence. Its main task is to deploy operations abroad. This bachelor thesis analyses their development emphasising the civilian operations. After the introductory general characteristic of CSDP the thesis deals with the tasks of the operations, military and civilian capabilities development and with the institutional framework including the changes brought about by the Lisbon Treaty. The practical aspects are examined by the case study of the police operations Proxima and EUPAT in Macedonia. Despite several shortcomings they can be evaluated as successful. The thesis argues that civilian operations are for the CSDP at least of the same importance as the military ones. Not only are they more numerous but also their ambitions are growing. The EU has become an important security actor, also owing to the civilian operations.
|
|
Vietnam enters WTO
Duong, Minh Vuong ; Gullová, Soňa (advisor) ; Laschoberová, Libuše (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on development of Vietnam from a centrally planned economy to market economy. This thesis is divided into 7 chapters and thematically into two parts. The first part describes the "Doi Moi" reform, which led to the economic success of Vietnam. Effect of economic reforms is closely linked to the entry of Vietnam into the WTO. Doi Moi has contributed to the acceleration of the economy and reducing poverty in many rural areas. The second part includes the procedure of entry of Vietnam into the WTO and the benefits and pitfalls that membership brings. Doi Moi reform and the actual entry of Vietnam into the WTO is closely linked due to changes that started the economy of the country for a long period devastated by war. Entry to the WTO for a relatively poor country like Vietnam is indeed a success. By the entry into WTO the Vietnamese government has proven the ability to meet the objectives set out from the first steps of the Doi Moi reform .
|
|
Formation of the Security Policy Of Danish Kingdom in the 20.th Century
Sedláková, Barbara ; Fidler, Jiří (advisor) ; Karásek, Tomáš (referee)
This thesis is concerned with Danish foreign and security policy in the 20th century. In the Middle Ages Denmark was a major Scandinavian power but after a series of territorial losses it became a relatively small country. Due to this development, it started to pursue the policy of neutrality as the means of ensuring its security. The policy proved to be a successful strategy until World War I, yet utterly failed during World War II. The War became a turning point in Danish security policy, because Denmark abstained from neutrality from 1945 on and changed the way of enforcing its security and its understanding dramatically. The policy of neutrality was based on the assumption that if Denmark had not been perceived as a threat, it would not have been attacked. However, such perception of security was applicable only during the period of multipolarity. The outcome of World War II led to the shift from polarity to bipolarity, as represented by two superpowers. In the new situation the policy of neutrality couldn't have ensured Denmark's security, considering the geo-strategic position of the country. As a result, Denmark had to choose one side in the superpower rivalry. Thus it chose the United States and entered the organization of collective defence (the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation), established by...
|
|
Creation and enforcement of receivables
Šebková, Tereza ; Uhlík, Milan (advisor) ; Pavla, Pavla (referee)
The thesis Creation and enforcement of receivables is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part deals with legislation that currently applies to the whole issue of claims. The issue of debts and obligations is monitored in general in the framework of the Czech legal system, while not neglecting European law.
The practical part aims to identify the most common causes of claims for individual and legal persons.
The most extensive chapter of the practical part is the analysis of the recovery process of the incurred debts. There are a number of enforcement methods which are directly linked at specific conditions. Therefore the analysis of the whole process is relatively large.
The last section focuses on the success of the recovery process in the collections agency. The final section summarizes the results of the whole researched issue and analyzed causes of the fluctuations in the success of the recovery process.
|
guest ::
