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Acquired chromosomal aberrationns in peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with newly diagnosed cancer and healthy control individuals.
Vodenková, Soňa ; Polívková, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Langová, Martina (referee)
The majority of human cancers arise due to cells inabitily to maintain genomic stability. Cytogenetic changes (especially chromosomal aberrations) in peripheral blood lymphocytes which reflect not only the individual exposure to genotoxic factors, but also individual sensitivity to genotoxic effect and the tumor is late consequence to genotoxic effect. Summary epidemiological prospective studies over the last ten years have shown that increased level of chromosomal aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes is predictive of cancer risk. This thesis is focused on the detection of particular types of chromosomal damage in patients with choosed types of newly diagnosed cancers compared to healthy control persons. We cytogenetically analyzed 100 patients with colorectal cancer and 298 controls and 123 patients with breast cancer and 123 controls - healthy women. We compared the percentage of aberrant cells, the percentage of total aberrations, the percentages of chromatid and chromosome aberrations found in patients with both types of tumors and in controls and we verified the predictive value of chromosomal aberrations as a biomarker of cancer risk. In patients with colorectal cancer was statistically significantly increased only the level of chromatid aberrations (CHTA) (1,45±1,28) compared to...
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Quantification of liver function using breath test with 13C labeled methacetin
Hendrichová, Miluše ; Horák, Jiří (advisor) ; Ehrmann, Jiří (referee) ; Martásek, Pavel (referee) ; Moťovská, Zuzana (referee)
Kvantifikace jaterních funkcí pomocí dechového testu s 13 C-methacetinem MUDr. Miluše HENDRICHOVÁ SUMMARY Efforts to evaluace and quantify liver functions has accompanied hepatology over the last 50 years at least. Quantification of liver function was hindered by multiple blood samploing, the low specificity of monitored parameters and the risk of allergic reactions when using conventional chromoexcretory tests. The introduction of breath tests using the non-radioactive isotope 13C allows non-invasive and highly accurate measurement of liver function. Especially 13C.methacetin is a very suitable substrate for evaluation demethylační and oxidative capacity of hepatocytes. Using the breath test with 13 C-methacetin is noninvasive, easy for patients and the results are reproducible. The aim of this thesis is to introduce the use of breath test with 13 C-methacetin into clinical practice as one of standard items in the care of patients with chronic liver diseases. In the first study we are evaluating liver function using breath test with 13 C-methacetin in patients with liver cirrhosis. The results show that the breath test reliably distinguishes patients with liver cirrhosis from patients without liver damage. Using ROC curves we demonstrate that the most advantageous time of the breath test that best predicts...
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Fictionalization of History in History Teaching
Knitlová, Hana ; Parkan, František (advisor) ; Mikeska, Tomáš (referee)
99 Summary The topic of this Diploma thesis focuses on Fictionalization of History in History Teaching. This area is closely connected with Eduard Štorch. Eduard Štorch was an amateur archaeologist, a very good writer and an undervalued teacher. Based on topics which he drew from a variety of archaeological research projects he created and wrote adventure stories which can be classified as somewhere between fiction and popular science stories in which he described oldest periods of Czech history. His books are still recognised today as the very best of their kind and they have been translated into a number of foreign languages. As a teacher, Štorch did his utmost to improve children's education. At his own expense and almost single-handedly he built a "Children's Farm" on Libeňský ostrov in Prague. It was meant as a place for educating children not only inside a classroom but also in the middle of nature. Children from other schools in Prague were encouraged to use the outdoors facilities there in their free time as well. Eduard Štorch tried to promote and enforce changes in the teaching of all school subjects but concentrated on the teaching of history. For this purpose he published several books such as "The Reform of the History Taught at Schools" (Reforma školního dějepisu; 1905), "The New History"...
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Taxation of income of business companies and their members (comparison of legal regulation in the Czech Republic and selected EU countries)
Nováková, Karolina ; Novotný, Petr (advisor) ; Vondráčková, Pavlína (referee)
1 Summary The topic of this diploma thesis is taxation of companies' income. The aim of the thesis is to describe and introduce question following from the application of income tax act to the companies. The accent is put on the taxation of dividends. Taxation of companies' income plays a vital role in decision making process of domestic as well as foreign investors where to invest their finances. The thesis is focused on the analysis of Czech tax legislation made through a comparison with the Slovak basic tax legislation. The first chapter deals with the delimitation of core concepts related to the taxation of incomes. It focuses on the income tax act, aspect of natural person's taxation and artificial person's taxation. The second chapter is concerned of characteristic related to taxation of personal companies and stock corporations. The third chapter presents basic terms of dividend's taxation on the domestic as well as on the international level such as the core concept of dividend or tax domicile. The fourth chapter examine the European tax legislation and harmonization of tax legislation within the European Union. The fifth chapter illustrates taxation of domestic payment of dividends and its characteristics related to the natural and artificial person as recipients of dividends. The sixth chapter...
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Parallel between the development of the logical thinking of pupils and the history of logic
Zavřel, Karel ; Kvasz, Ladislav (advisor) ; Zhouf, Jaroslav (referee)
5 Abstract Diploma thesis Parallel between the development of the logical thinking of pupils and the history of logic deals with aplications of method of genetic parallel in logic. On the selected logical problems are shown their fylogenetic (historical) and ontogenetic development. In the historical part of the thesis is discussed especialy the problem of implication, which develops mainly in megaric-stoic logic. Following chapter deal with so-called alternative fhylogeny, ethnographic research. Overview summaries several research articles and monographs exploring the issue of the logical development of children in past decades. Theory of Jean Piaget is mentioned. Next short chapter deals with definition of subject matter of logic at the primary and secondary school (RVP). Also some textbooks are mentioned. The last chapter discusses author's own research.
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Trends of distribution of tick-borne encephatlits in period 2000 - 2010 in district Pardubice
Macounová, Dana ; Dáňová, Jana (advisor) ; Čelko, Alexander (referee)
- Summary The bachelor thesis deals with the tick-borne encephalitis transmitted to humans by a tick and its distribution in the Czech Republic and the Pardubice region in the period 2000 - 2010. The work is divided into two parts. First - the theoretical part of thesis summarizes the general knowledge on tick-borne encephalitis, its characteristics, occurrence, history, prevention, diagnosis as well as treatment of various forms of disability according to the development of disease. At the same time there is also described the tick as the vector of the disease, its development cycle and method of attachment to humans as the host. For the purposes of prevention of tick-borne encephalitis, this section also describes the conditions of increased tick activity, there are given recommendations of prevention and protection, and the correct procedure for removing the parasite. The second - the practical part of the thesis includes the analysis and interpretation of epidemiological data on tick-borne encephalitis in the years 2000 - 2010 obtained from the system EPIDAT (countrywide information and monitoring system of infectious diseases). The obtained data were evaluated, focusing on the comparison of incidence of tick-borne encephalitis in the Czech Republic and in the Pardubice region and its...
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Mamet's men
Koranda, David ; Wallace, Clare (advisor) ; Ulmanová, Hana (referee)
1 Summary This BA thesis, partly a work of sociological theory and partly of literary analysis, discusses the crisis of masculinity in the society, placing an emphasis on the American milieu. As a starting point it uses the dramatic pieces of the contemporary American playwright David Mamet. Mamet is in his works generally attracted to the world of men, and we can only find a handful of female characters in them. Additionally, he frequently places his men, who usually share the typically masculine characteristics and behavioral patterns, into traditionally male environments - for instance on a boat or into a ruthlessly competitive real estate agency. Thus he prepares his ground to be able to fully explore one of the most prominent American social myths - the myth of masculinity. The second chapter focuses in its sociological opening part on the concept of masculinity as such. In the beginning, a historical overview of the development of human understanding of masculinity is introduced. It is apparent that it was only with the coming of the Industrial Revolution and the rise of feminism around the turn of the century that the society saw the drastic change which, as we may understand it, led to the crisis of masculinity. Later, Judith Butler's theory of the performativity of masculinity is discussed, and...
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Education programs for drivers and riders of cars and motorcycles
Hendrychová, Tereza ; Valenta, Josef (advisor) ; Kořán, Martin (referee)
The dessertation is focused on preventative traffic programs. It describes the present status in the Czech Republic and precautions which should lead to a lower number of accidents and deaths during traffic accidents. The empirical part is split into three parts. The first part covers drivers ideas about prevention programs. The second part compares the statistics of traffic accidents and the years when prevention programs were active. The last part compares the drivers ideas about preventiv programs and their behaviour. At the end of the empirical part readers can find the summary of results and recommendation for traffic prevention.
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Need of support for mothers who have lost a child
Pomajslová, Dana ; Matoušek, Oldřich (advisor) ; Havránková, Olga (referee)
The aim of this work is to find out if mothers who lost their child will need any social support from their friends and families. If the mothers find that there is not enough support within their family and friends they will need to turn to the professional social support. This work has been divided into several main parts. The short introduction is followed by theoretic part, all this information had been gained from the professional literature and internet. This chapter is ended by comparing chances of support for mourning parents in the Czech Republic versus Great Britain. The practical part is theoretic piece of knowledge which has been compared to the reality of parents who have lost their child. The part of this is also materials which I gain from four mothers and the psychologist who works with there mothers who have lost their child. The results of this work can not be generalized as I had been working with small group but the gained information show that the psychologist and mothers have the same issues which can be improved. The mothers have a strong need to talk about the death of their child. Just after the death of their child the mothers don't feel enough social support from family as a family is affected with the death as well. The last chapters are a summary of all mine findings.
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Exercise of copyright by a person other than the author(or author's heirs).
Poncová, Veronika ; Dobřichovský, Tomáš (referee) ; Císařová, Zuzana (advisor)
76 Summary Exercise of copyright by person other than the author (or author's heirs). Within the scope of my thesis, I tried to describe an exercise of copyright by a person other that the author (author's heir), according to the current legislation of the Czech Republic. I devoted the first part of the paper to a general copyright, which belongs to special personal laws, to wit to the group of the rights to the outcomes of the intellectual activity. The Czech Republic is among the countries with relatively long and rich tradition of protecting the intellectual property. In other parts of my paper, I analyzed the term author, which may only be a physical entity that created the work of authorship. With respect to the subject of my paper, I explained in detail the cartographic works of authorship, computer programs, and computer databases. Furthermore, I dealt with a creation and content of the copyright, personal rights, and property rights. The Copyright Act of the Czech Republic is based on a dualistic principle of distributing the rights to intellectual property. The personal rights terminate by the death of a person holding the right, and the property rights are transferred to the heir of a person holding the right. The fourth chapter of my paper is fundamental because it analyzes the legal exercise of...
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