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Strategy variability in anti-corruption NGOs
Kandusová, Veronika ; Frič, Pavol (advisor) ; Novotný, Vilém (referee)
The bachelor's thesis Strategy Variability in Anti-Corruption NGOs deals with the question whether hard human and material resources are related to the choice of strategies used by selected anti-corruption NGOs active in the Czech Republic or not. The thesis aims to reveal this influence by comparing the ascertained information about their resources and strategies according to the resource mobilization theory and to a strategic approach to social movements. The information gained from the organizations' documents and from interviews and questionnaires conducted with their representatives shows that the amount of material and human resources is not related to the strategies. However, the financial resources and time for which the organization has been active are linked to the choice of strategies. Those that have been active for a long time have the widest range of strategies and use the strongly confrontational strategies less often. Another finding is that publicly financed organizations resources have access to the advisory and working bodies of the government and, unlike the rest of the organizations, they have the possibility to use this strategy.
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Eufunction and dysfunction in theories of collective action
Kinská, Michaela ; Maslowski, Nicolas (advisor) ; Německý, Marek (referee)
In this work, we deal with theories of collective action. To categorize the researchers used information from the functionalist approach. The aim is to provide an overview of sociologists concerned with theories of collective action, i. e. various forms of collective action. Mainly for this work is the concept of function and its distribution eufunction and dysfunction as two poles. Researchers are closer to those poles. The inclusion of researchers in these poles are still dealing with other characteristics that unite and differentiate. In the first chapters of the thesis deals with the functionalist concepts and theories of collective action. The next chapter is already engaged functionalist categorization and other characteristics researchers. The chapter is divided into two parts, which correspond to two functionalist terms, i. e. eufunction and dysfunction. Keywords functionalism, collective action, eufunction, dysfunction, crowds, social movements, revolutions, R. K. Merton, T. Parsons
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Activism During Czech Presidency of the Council of the EU: Human Rights Advocacy of Amnesty International Czech Republic
Dobrovolná, Eva ; Frič, Pavol (advisor) ; Mička, Pavel (referee)
The thesis explores the unique structure of political opportunity that emerged in front of Czech civil society organizations during the Czech presidency to the Council of the EU. Case study analyses how the Czech section of Amnesty International (AI CR) influenced public- policy agenda in the area of human rights. The starting point for the thesis is the formulation of the problem which is considered to be the weak influence of civil society organizations over public policy agenda as well as in-adequate use of the structure of political opportunity. Based on the structure of political opportunity theory we sought to determine whether the organization succeeded in mobilization of its internal structure and resources. We also focused on the transnational aspect of the opportunity. We tested the validity of hypotheses in a quantitative way when we measured the indicators of transactional capacity and mobilization capacity. According to the results AI CR was not able to mobilize enough activists. On the other hand, it was able to use the opportunity for transnational mobilization and networking. The most successful methods of activism proved to be those without confrontation. Further, the organizational structure of the organization is affected by bureaucracy which impedes its mobilization potential.
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Politicizing Sexualities: Mobilization practices and networking within the LGBTQ movement in contemporary Madrid
Wiesnerová, Vendula ; Ezzeddine, Petra (advisor) ; Kolářová, Kateřina (referee)
This ethnographic study intends to explain the recent mobilization practices within the LGBTQ movement in contemporary Madrid in reference to the strategic use of identity and networking in collective action. It describes the Spanish movement as an ideologically polarized heterogeneous aggregate. The active challenging groups criticize the dominant part of the movement for giving up its original message of sexual liberation and diluting it in consumerism by supporting capitalist tendencies and the power of leading political parties. Via launching protest campaigns and collaborating in internationally supported networks with other ideologically related social movement communities, the challenging groups demand civil rights for all people, regardless of their sexual orientation or identity. They mobilize upon the collective identity of "precariousness" while integrating elements of queer and transgender theory into their radical leftist oriented politics in order to transform the Spanish society. By bringing on new critical ideas and adherents, the success of the leftist oriented challenging groups has an impact on the direction of the politics of the dominant group, which thereby is forced to adopt such ideas into their politics. Despite the disunity and antagonistic character of the movement, the...
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Studentské hnutí v Chile: Původ, vývoj a vliv
Beranová, Marie ; Němec, Jan (advisor) ; Dvořáková, Vladimíra (referee)
Latin America cannot be conceived without acknowledging the social movements, which are often the engines of political and social changes on the continent. Until recently, Chile appeared to be the country where the social order was perceived as the most accomplished in relation to its politically unstable neighbouring countries, as well as in relation to its proper history. The 2011 student movement, which is the most significant social movement within the last twenty years of the Chilean history, can be completely understood only from a broader perspective of the 20th century. In order to understand the recent changes, the thesis deals with the phenomenon of the Chilean student movement studying its origins, historical trajectory and impact. The aim of the thesis is to explore the continuities and changes of the student movement and question why the 2011 protests are treated as a separate collective action in relation to the cycles of contention experienced in the 20th century.
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Self-managed factories in Argentina as a social movement
Virtová, Tereza ; Dvořáková, Vladimíra (advisor) ; Němec, Jan (referee)
This thesis aims to elaborate a case study of self-managed factories, which has been emerging in Argentina after the economic crisis in 2001. Mainly the conflictive origin, organization, role of the state and the dynamics of the movement of self-managed factories is discussed. This paper is based on European tradition of social movements' analysis and seeks to characterize movement of Argentine self-managed factories as so called old or new social movement. This dividing line will ultimately prove to be problematic.
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Social movements and their impact on the transition to democracy: the case of Zapatistas
Petříček, Martin ; Dvořáková, Vladimíra (advisor) ; Müller, Karel (referee) ; Opatrný, Josef (referee) ; Měšťánková, Petra (referee)
This dissertation aims to enrich the discussion about the role of social movements in the process of democratisation, ie. to assess their role in the transformation from authoritarian to democratic regime. In particular, it tries to find the way how to assess the impact of the Zapatista Army of National Liberation (Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional, EZLN) and related movement on the Mexican transition to democracy in 1990s. The analysis tries to identify possible impacts on three different levels -- political (which means regime transition), social (which is related with the change of the nature of the relations between state and society, once described as corporatist) and economical (which means the end of neoliberal policy promoted by recent Mexican governments and the introduction of more equal, "more democratic" policy in zapatista logic). It looks both at the formal (direct through bargaining) and informal (influence) impact of the zapatista movement. From the methodological point of view, the study is case analysis, in some parts it uses historical analysis. The text is structured into five chapters. The first chapter shows main theoretical and methodological approaches to the social movements with special focus on Latin American context. It is followed by explaining the principles of methods used to assessment of the zapatista impacts. The second chapter presents main approaches to social change and process of democratic transition. The third chapter contains the historical analysis of transformation of relation between state and society during 20th century, from the introduction of (state) corporatist model in 1930s to its gradual dismantling in the late 20th century. The fourth chapter analysis the evolution of EZLN from its beginning in Lacandon jungle in southern Mexican state of Chiapas. In relation with the emphasis of movement's goals, the period from 1994, when zapatista uprising in Chiapas started, to 2010 is divided into four stages. In the fifth chapter, theoretical findings are applied on EZLN and zapatista movement and formulated hypotheses are tested.
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