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Explanation of professional and educational visions of pupils in the ninth grade
Vařeková, Karolína ; Remr, Jiří (advisor) ; Petrúšek, Ivan (referee)
1 Abstract This thesis is focused on the interpretation of the ninth-grade pupil's conceptions of hierarchical segmentation of society based on profession and obtained degree of education. Its main goal is to clarify student's perception of inequalities of social status among different work positions and to understand impact of study achievements on their vertical grouping. Theoretical part deals with sociological theories to explain the role of occupation and education in formation and maintenance of social stratification. Analytical part validates theoretical explanations by qualitative research conducted within one ninth class. Research questions are answered by qualitative analysis of data acquired by in-depth semi-structured interviews. Student's conceptions correspond to the basic three-dimensional hierarchical classification of the social layers defined in theoretical part. Mutual inequalities of those layers depend mainly on the level of work position which is related to particular layers. Pupils perceive different social status among vertically segmented vocational groups to be justified because individuals within those categories are distinguished by different personality traits. Achievement of specific social status depends to a great extent on educational performance, which is a measure of...
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The Prestige of Teachers Occupation
Fiala, Jan ; Šanderová, Jadwiga (advisor) ; Gorčíková, Magdaléna (referee)
Thesis deals with the prestige of the teaching profession. Its main goal is to try to find out how teachers themselves perceive the prestige connected with their profession. The research consisted of in-depth semi-structured interviews with teachers on this issue and their subsequent analysis. It turned out that although teachers occupy on occupational prestige scales regularly top positions within the interviews they spoke about very low prestige connected with their occupation. The thesis also presents and describes in detail the factors based on analysis of interviews which emerged in connection with low self-esteem of teachers in terms of prestige as a major. This mainly concerns the relatively low income and the related lower standard of living, which forces teachers to have a secondary income. Furthermore, the analysis showed that teachers low self-esteem is affected by alleged lower difficulty of faculties of education, difficult assesment of work results and underastimated difficulty of work from the publics point of view. Not forgetting the little influence of educational unions and the lack of professional organizations that defend the interests of teachers. Last but not least, the low self-esteem of teachers is also affected by publics belief that teaching is not professional or highly...
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Perfect Body: Ethnography of Body in Gym Environment
Hemerová, Aneta ; Grygar, Jakub (advisor) ; Lachmann, Filip (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on world of the gym and its members. Its aim is to clarify how the gym shapes the body fitness and how its members perceive body image. This theme is viewed through several theoretical approaches, through mindful body, which is in the context of Nancy Scheper-Hughes and Margaret Lock perceived as individual, social and political body linked together. Furthermore habitus which in conjunction with the theory of Pierre Bourdieu explains environment that is specific for the gym and explains the characteristics of the gym, its culture which is gradually embodied into the bodies of its members. And finally, the gym environment which is understood through the theory of Ray Oldenburg and his third place. The research is based on participant observation of chosen gym. Also it was intensively complemented by research interviews with the gym's members. The analysis shows that this environment shapes the body and the perception of the body in several ways. By placing mirrors across the walls that urge to constant observing of one's body and the body of others, and therefore they tempt for comparison and evaluation. By visual ads of ideal body image that is characteristic for this environment. By machines themselves, their positioning together with weights whose colours creates a...
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Dishonourable Townspeople of the Early Modern Times (Executioners and Knackers in Eastern Bohemia in the 17th Century)
Pultarová, Marie ; Čechura, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Ďurčanský, Marek (referee)
The thesis deals with the theme of social groups of individuals, historically known as "disreputable people", among whom the executioners, knackers and bailiffs belonged. The main aim is to capture the social status of these people, who are historiographically considered as the individuals standing on the lowest rung of the social ladder. Detailed analysis of the sources of urban provenance is to show both the interaction of this group and its individuals with the rest of the urban community, especially with individuals considered as honorable, and also the everyday life of disreputable people in the urban environment. The thesis is divided into three parts, which are further thematically divided. The first part shows the theoretical and methodological level with an emphasis on previous studies dealing with the phenomenon of honor and also issues of discreditable people and of capital punishment. The following two parts contain an analysis of the situation of dishonourable people in the East Bohemian town of Pardubice in 17th century and because of the necessary comparison of regional differences, there was also the research of analogous conditions of another East Bohemian town Náchod included. Inside the urban society the professional functions of these individuals, their property background,...
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Culinary identity - are we, what we eat?
Jandová, Kristýna ; Grygar, Jakub (advisor) ; Numerato, Dino (referee)
The thesis presents a view on a group of amateur chefs - the culinary experts- for whom the cooking has become an essential part of their identity. On the basis of the analysis of semistructured interviews and the participating observation the author studies the tricks of creating of identity of the culinary experts and their life-style. Present day liquid modernity and hyper-consumerist society in a way offers the space for paying attention to oneself and for building an own life project. The culinary art has become for some individuals very important hobby, not only because of the fact that through it they can give pleasure to their bodies, but it can also improve their social status. The text shows that the culinary art brings to amateur chefs the possibility to dedicate their life to cooking, regardless the social stratification or economical class they come from. On the other hand, there is a distinctive dimension which shows that merely the consumption of fine food does not make a fine food eater or a fine diner. The group of the culinary experts is building an exceptional social status though distinctive tricks of consumption of so called "good food". This group is not homogenous and it is relatively open to new members who must subsequently prove and demonstrate the expert knowledge of a...
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Class, Disparity and Conflict: in the history of socio-historical thinking and present
Kubová, Karolína ; Šubrt, Jiří (advisor) ; Šafr, Jiří (referee)
This thesis is a theoretical-historical attribute and focuses on the theory of classes and class conflict, on the genesis of the concept of class. The thesis will analyze the authors and directions-schools that have had an impact on the ideological founder of the concept Karl Marx and also how they developed their thinking. Marx nor any other author of the term "class, classes, class" never clearly defined. It is a historical and sociological perspective on the concept of "class", which is often defined differently, and still there is any clear definition, which would approve whole academic community. In modern societies, the term "class" is not used so often and has been replaced by the concept of social stratification. In recent years, the "classes" being discussed by worldwide experts, but the solution is still not found. Nevertheless, this work is optimistic and the author clearly advocates that the term "class" will not vanish from professional sociological discourse.
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"Survival strategies" of long- term unemployed graduates of secondary vocational school in Prague: a qualitative study
Antoňová, Tereza ; Čížek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Hrůzová, Andrea (referee)
Author of the bachelor thesis deals with strategies of long-term unemployed graduates of secondary vocational school1 in Prague. These strategies are also affected by their perception of social status of the unemployed and reaction of their social networks which is the reason why the social status and social networks are part of this thesis. The research is based on literature about the unemployed and their strategies in the areas: searching for a job, finance and free time. Author is especially inspired by Dutch sociologists Engbersen, Schuyt and Timmer and their book Culture of unemployment. Ten semi-structured interviews were performed within the qualitative research. One of the results is that the graduates are affected by unemployment in relation to social status which they recognize. At the moments when family does not provide much needed support, these graduates find understanding among friends. Strategies of unemployed graduates are in some aspects similar to strategies of other groups of unemployed people. These graduates are financially dependent on their social networks, because they have no claim to social support. Social networks also seem to be the most effective way when searching for income. According to the statements, the time structure of unemployed graduates is not disturbed. 1...
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Shape variability of proximal and distal human tibia.
Brzobohatá, Hana ; Velemínská, Jana (advisor) ; Beňuš, Radoslav (referee) ; Macholán, Miloš (referee)
The aim of this study was to detect and describe the trends in shape variability of proximal and distal human tibia related to sex, age, social status and time period. The variability of its shape and form was analysed first in an early medieval sample, then in two modern populations, an early 20th century sample and the contemporary Czech population. Finally, data from the whole studied time span were analysed. The initial raw data were acquired by optical scanning and computed tomography (CT) scanning of the lower limbs; the three-dimensional bone surfaces of the contemporary tibias were segmented from the clinical CT scan sequences. Geometric morphometrics and multivariate statistical methods were applied to study the variations in shape and form quantitatively. Proximal and distal tibias were evaluated independently, and the potential influence of sex, age at death and time period were investigated. In the early medieval population, we also explored the relationship between tibial morphology and presumed social status derived from the respective grave location within the settlement. Because traditional morphometric analysis revealed statistically significant sex differences in the parameters of both tibial extremities (e.g., Steyn and Işcan, 1997; Šlaus et al., 2013), we thus assumed the...
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