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Jesuit school drama in Prague 1700-1750
Jacková, Magdaléna ; Stehlíková, Eva (advisor) ; Svatoš, Martin (referee) ; Scherl, Adolf (referee)
The term school theatre is used to denote student-performed theatrical events that occupied a firmly established position in the school year calendar and/or one of whose main objectives was to demonstrate the students' progress in public comportment and their mastery of Latin. School theatre represents the least spectacular but the most wide-spread form of the Jesuit theatre. At the same time, it is the least known facet of the Jesuit theatre since only very few plays survived. This makes all the more valuable the corpus of 66 complete texts from Prague's colleges. It is thanks to this body of texts, that we can form at least a partial idea of the theatrical productions staged at Prague gymnasia in the first half of the 18th century. Jesuit school theatre in its simplest form is represented by exercitationes and declamationes: semi-public productions whose audiences were typically limited to the students of one class. There were two annual occasions for the presentation of school plays: the Carnival time and the end of the school year. Since the evidence of Carnival productions at the Jesuit gymnasia in Prague in the first half of the 18th century is scarce, it may be presumed that the majority of the extant texts belong to the category of plays offered at the close of the school year. Initially, a single...
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Epidemiology of tuberculosis - reaction on vaccine BCG
FOŠUM, Pavel
Epidemiology of tuberculosis-reaction to BCG vaccine World Health Organization records nine million people worldwide who fall ill with tuberculosis and more than three million who die of this disease a year. Tuberculosis has been known for a long time and despite the discovery of Mycobacterium tuberculosis etiological role by Robert Koch, the invention of RTG diagnostics by Roentgen and effective treatment using antibiotics by Waksman as the first, this disease still represents a considerable risk for society. Prevention using BCG vaccine has positive as well as negative aspects. This thesis is focused on describing newborn vaccination coverage, occurrence and duration of side and adverse effects after the application of BCG vaccine during the first days of life and on the influence on the following compulsory vaccination. We used the method of quantitative research in the form of epidemiology descriptive study using the technique of individual data collection and analysis. As a research area the group of children born in 2004, 2005, and 2006 was used. The group of 804 children (410 boys and 393 girls) was selected by the technique of random cluster sampling. We found out that out of 804 respondents 98.6 % were vaccinated with BCG vaccine. The group of 11 children was not vaccinated due to: HBsAg positivity of mother, low birth weight or health problems. Reaction after BCG vaccination was not healed until the next planed shot in 307 children (38.1 %). There were 4 people with no reaction at all to BCG (0.8%). The most frequent side (adverse) reaction after vaccination was scar unhealed at the time of next planed vaccination in 274 cases, (34.1%). Monoreactions accounted for more than a half of recorded reactions. Reaction time period was in the range from 11 to 300 days. Median of reaction time period was 30 days. We did not find any serious adverse reaction. Our research demonstrated, that frequency of side and adverse reactions after BCG vaccination is high (38.1 %). These are mainly benign side effects. We found that these reactions lead to postponing of the subsequent vaccination of the compulsory vaccination scheme in all who reacted to BCG vaccination. The occurrence of side reactions after BCG vaccine raises the question of appropriateness to carry out the BCG vaccination in first days of life. The results of this thesis can be used as a pilot study for the whole country study of mapping side and adverse reactions and further consideration of compulsory vaccination scheme.
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Anthropological conceptualisations of sexual categories
Prokopík, Petr ; Vrhel, František (advisor) ; Uherek, Zdeněk (referee) ; Skupnik, Jaroslav (referee)
The thesis inquires into the possibilities which anthropological study has in attempting to conceptualise the rich manifestations of human sexuality. It discusses the problems of biological determination and normativity in the study of sexuality as well as its problems in cross-cultural applications. In examples of interpretation of well known phenomena such as "hijra", "two-spirit" and "ritual homosexuality" it demonstrates theoretical concepts of "third sex", "third gender", and "sexual lifeways" as possible tools of cross-cultural categorization. It presents an original field research investigating the formation of a specific new alternative sexual category within gay communities in three language contexts - Czech, English and German. Offering a situational analysis which concerns not only a description of cultural meanings and symbols known by actors, and an analyses of historical development, but also offers an interpretation of actors subjectivity displayed in individual motivations, desires and meanings created and used by actors. It endeavours to give a reflection of relations between sexual category and individual motivations during the process of accepting sexual identity and forming an alternative sexual category.
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Identification and isolation of primordial gonocytes in sturgeon
DVOŘÁK, Matěj
Primordial gonocytes (PGCs) in some animals, including fish arise after fertilization in extragonadal region from maternally inherited germline cytoplasm, and migrate to the future gonads region during embryogenesis, where differentiate into gametes. PGCs formation and migration patterns have been studied in several species models, and it is known that these patterns differ from each other. Sturgeons belong to class ray-finned fishes(Actinoptergii), in which the sturgeon phylogenetic position is an out-group to teleost fishes, the sturgeon development pattern is more similar to amphibians than teleost fishes. In this study, we demonstrate an injection technique for sturgeon PGCs visualization by GFP nos1 3'UTR mRNA. We found that the Sterlet(A. ruthenus) PGCs are specified in the vegetative pole of the embryo. Subsequently, we reported the PGCs migration route. The arisen PGCs actively migrated on the yolky cell mass, yolky extension, and after that passively moved to gonadal ridge. This study provides evidence that the PGCsare specified by maternally inherited germplasm, located in the vegetative part of the embryo. Sturgeon PGCs specification was similar to that of anuras, but the migration pattern resembled that of teleost. Furthermore, we successfully isolated PGCs to next needed studies.
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Tree-based indexing methods for similarity search in metric and nonmetric spaces
Lokoč, Jakub
Title: Tree-based Indexing Methods for Similarity Search in Metric and Nonmetric Spaces Author: Mgr. Jakub Lokoč Department: Department of Software Engineering Faculty of Mathematics and Physics Charles University in Prague Supervisor: Doc. RNDr. Tomáš Skopal, Ph.D. Author's e-mail address: lokoc@ksi.mff.cuni.cz Supervisor's e-mail address: skopal@ksi.mff.cuni.cz Abstract: The M-tree is a well-known indexing method enabling efficient similarity search in metric spaces. Although the M-tree is an aging method nowadays, we believe it still offers an undiscovered potential. We present sev- eral approaches and directions that show how the original M-tree algorithms and structure can be improved. To allow more efficient query processing by the M-tree, we propose several new methods of (parallel) M-tree construction that achieve more compact M-tree hierarchies and preserve acceptable con- struction cost. We also demonstrate that the M-tree can be simply extended to a new indexing method - the NM-tree, which allows efficient nonmetric similarity search by use of the TriGen algorithm. All these experimentally verified improvements show that the M-tree can still be regarded as an im- portant dynamic metric access method suitable for management of large collections of unstructured data. Moreover, all the improvements can be...
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Simulation of dose distribution irradiation
Večeřa, Petr ; Hlaváč, Martin (referee) ; Kolářová, Jana (advisor)
This project deals with the issue of simulation of dose irradiation. This principle is used in a radiotherapeutic device known as a Leksell Gamma Knife for the treatment of intracranial tumours. With regard to the theoretical observations obtained by studying this device, the project suggests the use of analytical geometry for the creation of a mathematical model for calculation of the intensity in the rayed area. A demonstration program Leksell_xvecer08 has been created for this model in a MatLab software background, which enables the user to change various input arguments and simulate a picture of the dosage spread in the target scanned areas.
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The role of lipids and ROS in cardioprotective mechanism of chronic hypoxia
Balková, Patricie
The role of lipids and ROS in cardioprotective mechanism of chronic hypoxia Cardiovascular diseases, mainly ischemic heart disease is one of the most frequently cause of morbidity and mortality in developed countries. Therefore effective protection of the heart against ischemia and reperfusion injury is the crucial aim of experimental and clinical cardiology. One of the main streams of cardiovascular research is looking for possibilities of natural heart resistance augmentation. Adaptation to chronic hypoxia is one possibility how to protect the heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury. Chronic hypoxia increases resistance of the myocardium to acute deficiency of oxygen leading to vetricular arrythmias, postischemic contractile dysfunction and necrotic changes in the tissue. Recently, it has been shown that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in the cardioprotective mechanism of chronic hypoxia. It is known that oxidative stress has a harmful effect in acute ischemia-reperfusion however ROS generated during the adaptation to hypobaric intermittent chronic hypoxia play a role in the induction of cardioprotection. In this study, we demonstrated that adaptation of adult rats to chronic hypoxia increased the activity and protein abundance of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) in the...
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The role of lipids and ROS in cardioprotective mechanism of chronic hypoxia
Balková, Patricie ; Nováková, Olga (advisor) ; Drahota, Zdeněk (referee) ; Šmíd, František (referee)
The role of lipids and ROS in cardioprotective mechanism of chronic hypoxia Cardiovascular diseases, mainly ischemic heart disease is one of the most frequently cause of morbidity and mortality in developed countries. Therefore effective protection of the heart against ischemia and reperfusion injury is the crucial aim of experimental and clinical cardiology. One of the main streams of cardiovascular research is looking for possibilities of natural heart resistance augmentation. Adaptation to chronic hypoxia is one possibility how to protect the heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury. Chronic hypoxia increases resistance of the myocardium to acute deficiency of oxygen leading to vetricular arrythmias, postischemic contractile dysfunction and necrotic changes in the tissue. Recently, it has been shown that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in the cardioprotective mechanism of chronic hypoxia. It is known that oxidative stress has a harmful effect in acute ischemia-reperfusion however ROS generated during the adaptation to hypobaric intermittent chronic hypoxia play a role in the induction of cardioprotection. In this study, we demonstrated that adaptation of adult rats to chronic hypoxia increased the activity and protein abundance of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) in the...
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Biology, ecology and invasion characteristics of Campylopus introflexus in the Czech Republic
Mikulášková, Eva ; Soldán, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Tribsch, Andreas (referee) ; Kučera, Jan (referee)
A B S T R A C T Ecological and economic impact of invasive plants to natural ecosystems is the subject of many studies; however, invasive bryophytes have been stud- ied only marginally. Campylopus introflexus (Hedw.) Brid. is one of the most strongly invasive bryophyte species in Europe. The species appears to be native in the Southern Hemisphere. In Europe, it was collected for the first time in the British Isles in 1941. The moss has expanded eastward and the first collection in the Czech Republic is dated to 1988. This thesis found that more than 70 localities were known known in the Czech Republic in 2006, and more than 100 localities became known by 2011. It has been further demonstrated that the Czech Republic was colonized repeatedly by generative spores and all populations have a unique genetic composition. Genetic variation of the populations is low, the genetic diver- sity of populations within the Czech Republic is not correlated with their geographic position or with any of the monitored environmental variables. At a fine scale within particular localities, the species disperses by vege- tative diaspores, while it uses generative spores for spreading over longer distances. In Central Europe, C. introflexus prefers open coniferous forests, especially plantations of either spruce or pine. It colonizes...
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Role of song lyrics in the time of a stagnant interest in poetry
Stýblová, Hana ; Klumparová, Štěpánka (referee) ; Hník, Ondřej (advisor)
The Bachelor's thesis on the topic of The role of song lyrics in the time of a stagnant interest in poetry consists of two parts. The main aim of the first part is to demonstrate the song poetry in the context of the science of music and literature. Actually, it describes specific features and a phenomenon of folk songs from the theoretical point of view. The second part of the Bachelor's thesis is a research resulting from a pre-research with the main aim to find out who is considered to be a folk singer for today's society. The pre-research is followed by the main research that should show the current role of song lyrics. Both researches were achieved by the short questionnaire and they claimed that nowadays the best-known folk singer is Jaromir Nohavica. Furthermore, it was found out that the role of song lyrics is really significant since they are almost the only way how poetry comes into contact with a broad society.
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