|
Volatility bursts and order book dynamics
Plačková, Jana ; Swart, Jan (advisor) ; Lachout, Petr (referee)
Title: Volatility bursts and order book dynamics Author: Jana Plačková Department: Department of Probability and Mathematical Statistics Supervisor: Dr. Jan M. Swart Supervisor's e-mail address: swart@utia.cas.cz Abstract: The presented paper studies the dynamics of supply and demand through the electronic order book. We describe and define the basic rules of the order book and its dynamics. We also define limit and market orders and describe the differences between them and how they influenced the evolution of ask, bid price and spread. Next part of the paper is dedicated to the de- scription and definition of volatility and its basic models. The brief overview about volatility clustering and its modeling by economists and physicists can be found in the following part. In the last part we introduce a simple model of order book in which we observe ask, bid price and spread. Then we study the empirical distribution of spread and try to find its probability distribu- tion. The volatility clustering is then observed through the relative returns of spread. In the last part we introduce some possible improvement of the model. Keywords: volatility clustering, order book, limit orders, market orders 1
|
|
The question of coordination of the relations of EU member states with Russian Federation on the field of energy security
Vrlík, Filip ; Dubský, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Druláková, Radka (referee)
Concern of this thesis is the Energy policy of the European Union in relation to the Russian Federation. Work examines to what extent do the member states execute the energy security on their national level and to what extent are they willing to coordinate the energy policy within the union. Thesis reviews the development of the energy security in the european region, the development of the relation EU-Russian Federation and identifies the contentious points in the relation. Thesis provides an overview of all twenty seven member states - solution of energy resources supplies security of each and unique relation between each country and Russian Federation. The question of possibility of coordination of energy policy is being solved in context of different resources access between member states and their divergent approach to Russia.
|
|
Identification of Terpenoid Resins in Artworks by Gas Chromatography
Jelínek, Jan ; Beneš, Pavel (referee) ; Hrdličková Kučková, Štěpánka (advisor)
Terpenoic varnishes are used in artworks since 11th century. Their task is to protect the artworks against the adverse effects of the environment and frequently they complete the artistic page. Although synthetic varnishes are currently widely used, especially in the case of modern art, the use of natural materials is still widespread and not only in the restoration of historical paintings and polychromy. In order to prepare terpenoic varnishes, rich supply of natural resins is used (damare, mastic, copals, colophony etc.). These resins differ in their composition and therefore they have various physical properties such as fragility, solubility, and not least the various darkening of varnish. For these reasons, it is necessary to know their composition, in order to be safely removed during restoration and subsequently replaced by a varnish of the same material composition. Gas chromatography is the most widely used analytical method for determination of natural resins, using a number of derivatizing reagents. The task of this thesis was to find the best separation conditions for the identification of resins by gas chromatography combined with flame ionization detector (GC-FID).
|
|
Product Information Management - the fortune hidden in product data
Bort, Tomáš ; Slánský, David (advisor) ; Pour, Jan (referee)
The exceeding supply over demand and very hard competitive conditions are nowadays the main features of the majority of sectors. A successful company is the one that is able to satisfy specific customers' needs, the one that has efficient cooperation with its suppliers throughout the whole supply chain and also the one that is able to speed up the in-house information exchange. Thus the company has to seek constantly new and innovative solutions. This is not possible without standardization and automatization of business processes. This master's thesis is dedicated to one of the possible solutions -- the Product Information Management (PIM). Since it is intended for business managers (without deep IT knowledge), at the beginning it answers the question why it is so important to know master data and to manage it. It specializes in managing product data, brings its comprehensive overview and identifies the advantages and drawbacks of the implementation as well as financial and organizational impacts. The consecutive chapter deals with simplified yet applicable approach to data management analysis (with emphasis on the PIM) and based on research, it mentions main mistakes of the implementation. In addition to the overview of main vendors of the PIM solution, it presents the latest trends in the PIM. Besides internal data synchronization, the thesis analyses several product standards -- the fundamental step towards external data synchronization, the key topic of the practical part. The whole thesis is conceived to provide an organization with a simple yet compact and therefore very effective tool for master product data insight and thus to help it to gain a competitive advantage.
|
|
Economic development of Czechoslovakia in the years 1945-1948
Sauer, Radek ; Jakubec, Ivan (advisor) ; Soběhart, Radek (referee)
Thesis deals with the postwar economical development in Czechoslovakia, in particular it covers the period from 1945 to 1948. At first it focuses on situation right after the end of WWII, especially on the conditions ruling in the Czechoslovak economy and on possible directions of its future economical restoration. The crucial part in this issue belonged to aid received from international organization UNNRA. The courses of UNNRA's aid as well as the supply of its goods are described in detail. Thesis then follows the political development in postwar period, it mainly concentrates on the acceptance of The Kosice Government Programme and its economical consequences in form of land and monetary reform. Special chapter is then dedicated to nationalization. After parliamentary elections in 1946 thesis focuses on two-year plan of economical restoration and its particular aspects. In relation to unsatisfactory conditions in 1947 thesis contains the reasons for rejection of Marshall Plan. Thesis ends with the February 1948economical changes and the commence of the communist era.
|
|
Characteristics of crude protein fractions in ruminant nutrition
KOUKOLOVÁ, Marie
Physiology of nutrition and feeding of farm animals is an essential factor influencing production efficiency and its quality. For these factors is important to provide optimal supply of nutrients by suitable feeds. Felicitous feed ration raise the economic realization of genetic potential of animals. Therefore we have to know the nutritional requirements of animals, including microorganisms, whose function in the diet of cattle is irreplaceable. The aim of this study was to determine the nutritional value of forage and lupine feeds (n = 8) by laboratory methods. Samples were analyzed for individual feed nutrients (crude protein (CP), fat, crude fiber, ash, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL)), gross energy and nitrogen fractions, and the results were statistically processed. Determination of individual nitrogen fractions was according to methods of Licitra et al. (1996). For this purpose were used following laboratory methods: (1) determination of non-protein nitrogen (NPN) (2), determination of soluble nitrogen and protein, (3) determination of nitrogen insoluble in acid detergent (ADIP), (4) determination of nitrogen insoluble in neutral detergent (NDIP). From these were obtained the results of NPN, IP (insoluble protein), SOLP (soluble protein), ADIP (nitrogen insoluble in acid detergent) and NDIP (insoluble nitrogen in neutral detergent). Averaged values (g.kg-1 of dry matter) of were 144.3 for NPN, 97.5 for IP, 78.7 for SOLP, 30.4 for ADIP and 80.3 for NDIP. Nitrogen fractions, i.e. fraction A (nonprotein nitrogen), fraction B1 (rapidly degraded protein), fraction B2 (intermediately degraded protein), fraction B3 (slowly degraded protein) and fraction C (bound protein) were calculated by equations of Ghoorchi and Arbabi (2010). The range of values was from 2.5 to 51.2 % of CP for fraction A, from 13.4 to 20.7 % of CP for fraction B1, from 0 to 19.9 % of CP for fraction B2, from 5.5 to 51.9 % of CP for fraction B3 and from 10.1 to 32.4 % of CP for fraction C.
|
|
Image analysis of fluorescently labeled nuclear structures: DNA replication in focus
Mašata, Martin ; Raška, Ivan (advisor) ; Kostrouch, Zdeněk (referee) ; Kozubek, Michal (referee)
In this thesis, we expanded the knowledge about some aspects of DNA replication in human cell nucleus with the help of microscopic techniques and advanced mathematical approaches. DNA replication was studied from several perspectives: Fluorescence detection of newborn DNA on the stretched DNA fibers, ultrastructural mappings of individual replication domains, fluorescence analysis of replication foci re-distribution in early S-phase and cold-dependent immunodetection of replication-coupled chromatin modulation. We started with measurements of average speed of a replication fork movement during S- phase. In agreement with previous studies on DNA spreads with radioactive labeling, the replication speed was two to three times slower in early S-phase than in late S-phase. Moreover, the exogenous dNTP supply accelerated the replication in the early S-phase while additional dNTPs had no effect on the speed of replication forks in late S-phase. Therefore the availability of dNTPs seems to be a rate-limiting factor for replication speed at the beginning of DNA synthesis. We then focused on in situ replication pattern at the EM level. Using an improved method for detection, replication domains, identified by clusters of many silver particles, were observed throughout the S-phase. While replication foci in early...
|
|
Electric arc in the switchgear
Kutal, Ondřej ; Dohnal, Petr (referee) ; Bušov, Bohuslav (advisor)
This thesis focuses on description of creation, properties and behavior of an electric arc in the switchgear. In addition, it focuses on description how an electric arc can be created and how it effects contacts in electrical switchgear. Electric arcs is divided into arc with DC or AC. Quenching of the electric arc supplied by DC is more difficult than in case of AC since the DC does not pass through zero value. For the design of quenching chamber it is important to know the characteristics of the electric arc under both conditions. The behavior of static V-A characteristic of the electric arc supplied by DC was determined with experimental measurements using the equation by Ayrton. Subsequently, measurement of the dynamic characteristics of the electric arc with AC were determined. And the limits values for the emergence of electric arc were measured of. Last, the results wereevaluated and expansion of measurement task was proposed. The numerous influences on the arc were described. In conclusion the thesis extends diagnostic of the arc under the laboratory conditions.
|
|
Price of Construction and Possibilities of Supplier
Veselá, Michaela ; Vítková, Eva (referee) ; Puchýř, Bohumil (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is to describe the possibilities contractor in determining the price at possible changes during the process of construction supplies. You need to have a set price of construction work, which is a necessary part of the work contract. It is good to know the rights and obligations of the parties in the construction. In the practical part, the work deals with the possibility of fixing prices as well by the contractor under the contract for work.
|
|
Food supplements and iodine supplementation in pregnancy
VAVROUŠKOVÁ, Edita
Iodine is a trace element tremendously important for thyroid gland hormone production. It affects normal evolution of brain, especially in the time of intrauterine development and in the first year of child's life. Deficiency of iodine can lead to creation of pregnancy goiter, it also decrease the probability of carrying fetus to term and increase the probability of disorder in psycho-motoric evolution of child. Czech Republic is geographically lined up among the regions with lack of iodine in natural sources and food. However, nowadays the iodine deficiency is considered to be managed. But risk groups of population still exists, especially pregnant women can be endangered by lack of iodine, because the need of iodine intake in pregnancy increases to 200 250 ug per day and this level must be ensured. Consumption of food rich in iodine can cover the increased need of iodine. Significant source of iodine is milk and milk products. Another source is table salt enriched with iodine, but its daily intake is limited. Rich sources of iodine like sea fish, sea products and seaweed rarely occur in our diet. The goal of thesis was to evaluate intake of dietary supplements with iodine by pregnant women and evaluate women's awareness of higher iodine need and iodine food sources. Quantitative research in form of questionnaires was chosen for getting information from higher number of individuals. The questionnaire consists of 15 questions. Answers were gained from 118 respondents living in Central Bohemia, Moravia-Silesia region, Liberec region, region Highlands and South Bohemia. Questionnaire was distributed to gynecological ambulances by employees of State health institution. I visited gynecological ambulances in South Bohemia personally. By evaluation of questionnaire was found out that dietary supplement with iodine use 63 % pregnant women in researched population. All respondents always use only one type of dietary supplement. Among the most used belong "Chytré miminko", "GS mamavit" and "Femibion 800". 68 % of respondents know the importance of higher iodine intake in time of pregnancy. Question about daily recommended dosage was correctly answered only by 35 % of respondents. As a food sources of iodine the pregnant women know sea fishes, sea products, seaweed and table salt enriched with iodine. But 90 % of respondents are not familiar with milk and milk products as important source of iodine. Pregnant women should be better informed about importance of sufficient supply of iodine and about sources of iodine by gynecological ambulances. Information about mentioned issues should occur in magazines, education materials and internet articles more often. Respondents were notified of issues and important role of iodine in time of pregnancy by questionnaire. It is very probable that women found correct answers on the internet or in publication for expectant mothers after filling in the questionnaire.
|
guest ::
