|
Viral hepatitis in children and their prevention
Šabrňáková, Petra ; Volf, Vladimír (advisor) ; Černá, Milena (referee)
In my graduation theses "Viral hepatitis in children and their prevention" I put mind to the most frequent viral hepatitis in the Czech Republic. The text is divided into the four chapters. The first chapter is devoted to viral hepatitis in general, their etiology, epidemiology, clinical manifestation and their therapy. The second and the third chapters are concentrated on acute and chronic hepatitis with explanations of hepatitis' transmission and clinic manifestation, diagnostics, treatment and preventive measures. At last chapter I mentioned about hepatitis at pregnant women and newborn babies of mothers HbsAg positive and their prophylaxis. The main aim of work is review about risk associated with viral infection and accentuation of importance preventive measures, which protect transmission of virus.
|
|
Problems of nursing care for a child with spinal muscular atrophy
BUBALOVÁ, Petra
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a hereditary disease characterized by progressive loss of -motoneurons of the spinal front corners, the consequence of which atrofizaci of muscles occurs. As a result, children become disabled and infirm dependent on the help and care of others at an early age. This is a relatively rare disease, the prevalence is about 1: 6,000 children. Spinal muscular atrophy is divided into 4 types according to its severity and time of onset of symptoms. Despite significant longtime research, it has failed to find a drug that could cure this disease so far. To the present date, there are only methods that slow the progression. The survey also contained 4 research questions, namely: What are the principles of treating a child with spinal muscular atrophy ? What are the most common problems in the care of a child with spinal muscular atrophy ? Are parents adequately educated on the issue of child with spinal muscular atrophy ? What impact has the presence of a child with spinal muscular atrophy in his family? Qualitative research was used in the implementation of the empirical part . Two qualitative methods were used to collect the data, a semi-structured interview and a hidden observation of the participant . Interviews were conducted with 3 research files, with 11 general nurses from the České Budejovice Hospital and University Hospital Motol, 7 mothers of children with I and II. type SMA of a summer camp for children with SMA and with 5 personal assistants. This thesis should help nurses and the public to gain awareness of the disease of Spinal Muscular Atrophy. It refers to all aspects of care of such a sick child, with which their parents daily struggle. Caring for a child with SMA is very difficult for their caregivers and requires considerable restrictions for the whole family. Information observed during the research were presented at a seminar for nurses in the České Budejovice Hospital in January 2015.
|
|
Problems of contacts between a child and father after divorce (parental alienation syndrome)
VESELÁ, Kateřina
The subject of the bachelor{\crq}s thesis is the issue of the contact of the child with the father after the divorce (parental alienation syndrome). At present, the number of divorces has been increasing as practically every second marriage is divorced. In our society the trend persists that the children are being given in charge to mother in 90% after the divorce. For this reason the thesis concentrate on fathers. Almost one half of the children from divorced marriages is being incited against one of parent, mostly against the father. Approximately one third of these children is incited so much that they develop the parental alienation syndrome. The target of the thesis is to show the causes and the way of manipulation by parents to whom the child was entrusted into the exclusive care against the other parent in South Bohemia. Moreover to find out the possibilities of the defense and how the parents concerned by this issue are informed of these possibilities. In this thesis the method of the qualitative research was applied, a half-controlled talk with fathers whose children have the parental alienation syndrome. 5 case studies were elaborated based on these talks. Moreover the research was extended by the quantitative method of questionnaire research. The questionnaires were given to fathers visiting OSPOD and Crisis Centre in České Budějovice; these centers treat the problems associated with the contact to their children after the divorce. After processing all the source documents I found out that the most frequent motive of mothers obstructing the contact of father with the child was the revenge for wrongs in the marriage or for the divorce. If the mother wants to obstruct the contact to children, the most effective solution is to move with children. The most frequent way is the illness of the child. It happens that the children have a sore-throat or problems with belly every two weeks. Although fathers are well informed of the legal possibilities to treat these problems, it is difficult to prove mother{\crq}s fault. Treating the issue of the parental alienation syndrome consists in prevention. The parents should know what impacts their divorce conflicts could have on the children and they should try that the children are not witnesses of their conflicts. The employees meeting the after-divorce conflicts of parents because of children during their work should keep in mind the parental alienation syndrome and they should intervene if they see the warning symptoms. The removal of the developed parental alienation syndrome is very complicated and the relationship of the child to the parent alienated sooner is very concerned by this. The disturbed psyche of the child may have influence on his life and influence his later relationships.
|
| |
|
The Economic Crisis of Newborns
Matějček, Štěpán ; Janíčko, Martin (advisor) ; Koubek, Ivo (referee)
The thesis examines the determinants of decision making of child conception. The estimation of fixed effect model of panel data from 14 districts of the Czech Republic shows pro-cyclical development of the count of born children. According to the model, in the economic recession the demand for children declines, because the decision making is influenced by uncertainty that emerges from the labor market instability. The results are in consent with contemporary scientific literature which have shown the pro-cyclical development of fertility in developed countries since the 1980s. The model's dependent variable is the modified birth rate which allows to examine the impact of change in unemployment and other control variables on the decision making of child conception. The empirical results show that economic insecurity in the shape of unemployment have a significant negative impact on birth rate. Apart from the main outcome the paper presents other interesting results, the impact of changes in economic and demographic variables on the modified birth rate of boys and girls, marital status and education of mother and father.
|
|
Speech development in children growing up in a bilingual environment
Kudrličková, Aneta ; Durdilová, Lucie (advisor) ; Hájková, Vanda (referee)
A n o t a t i o n This thesis deals with the development of speech in children growing up in a bilingual environment. The aim is to explain the basic concepts related to bilingualism, describe in detail strategies of bilingual education and describe the specifics of speech development of children growing up in a bilingual environment. I would like to broaden the community understanding about bilingualism and summarize new ideas and information for parents who are considering a bilingual or multilingual education. Theoretical knowledge is used in the practical part of this thesis, which examines and compares the differences in the speech development of children growing up with two or more languages against children who grow up with only one mother tongue.
|
|
Motherhood of Under Age Girls
Presslerová, Pavla ; Kucharská, Anna (advisor) ; Šulová, Lenka (referee) ; Lacinová, Lenka (referee)
TITLE: Motherhood of Under Age Girls AUTHOR: Pavla Skasková DEPARTMENT: Department of Psychology SUPERVISOR: PhDr. PaedDr. Anna Kucharská, Ph.D. The dissertation is focused on phenomenon of motherhood in adolescence. In the Czech Republic nearly one thousand children are given birth every year by mothers who according to current law are not full-aged. A very similar number of teenage girls decide for abortion. The study searches for answers to broad varieties of particular research questions. Qualitatively directed research outcomes reflect motives involved in young women's final decisions to become an under-age mother, the determinants of the decision making process in the context of sexual reproductive health. They watch as the participants prepare for the role of mother, what helped them solve the situation and what is it difficult to evaluate their experience and maternity and parental competence. The work focuses on the reflected experience of the new role in the self, and the identity of teenage mothers. A semi-structured interview was chosen as the fundamental method to gather the data; however, additional essays of all respondents are available as well. There is analyzed the data of 28 participants, under-age mothers, who are allocated with their children in an institutional care or in...
|
|
Specifics of children from homoparental families
Sedláčková, Anna ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor) ; Štětovská, Iva (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with topic of lesbian and gay families and specifics of children from these families. The theoretical part of the work is supported by studies from the USA and the Great Britain in particular. This part is focused on definition of homoparental family and its types, specifics of upbringing and relations within. It also deals with the topic of coming-out. It gives account of the family roles - biological mother, biological father, social mother / stepmother. The second half of the theoretical part describes psychological, gender and social development of the children from lesbian families. There are also mentioned some children's feelings and views of their nontraditional family and homosexuality of their parents. The research presented in the empirical part is based on individual interviews and projective techniques. The study group comprises 10 children between the age 4 and 15. In the study group there are children from previous heterosexual relationship as well as children from planned lesbian families. Participants to the sample were recruited via advertising and snow ball technique. The research is qualitative and its outcomes are elaborated in the form of case study report. The list of crucial themes elaborated through clustering method is other outcome. Results of research...
|
|
Role of chromosomal aberrations to evaluate genetic risk of exposure to carcinogens.
Rössnerová, Andrea ; Šrám, Radim (advisor) ; Rubeš, Jiří (referee) ; Kuglík, Petr (referee)
(in English) Air pollution is a serious worldwide problem associated with the risk of cancer. The negative effect of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (c-PAHs), including benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), on human health is analyzed using specific biomarkers. Among them biomarkers of early effect play an important role. This work summarizes the results of cytogenetic analyses performed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) (whole chromosome painting of chromosomes #1 and #4) and automated image analysis of micronuclei (MN). During the analyses a total set of 1304 samples was analyzed by the FISH method and 885 samples by the automated image analysis of MN. Studied groups including city policemen, garage men, bus drivers, administrative workers, mothers, newborns, healthy children and children with bronchial asthma and laboratory workers were from Prague, Ostrava and Ceske Budejovice. The locations significantly differed in levels of air pollutants and the type of air pollution. The exposure of participants of the study was assessed by personal and stationary monitoring. The impact of other factors including age, smoking or intake of vitamins was also evaluated in these studies. The results obtained by the FISH method in Prague showed the impact of seasonal variability of concentrations of...
|
|
The impact of advertising on mothers on maternity leave
Vavřinová, Veronika ; Průša, Přemysl (advisor) ; Odehnalová, Jitka (referee)
The present bachelor's thesis deals with the impact of advertising on mothers on maternity leave. The aim of the thesis is to find out how much women are influenced by marketing campaigns, particularly TV commercials, when they consider buying products for their children. The impact of advertising is demonstrated on the analysis of a particular advertising campaign promoting healing preparations for sucklings and young children. The primary data was collected by on-line questionnaires on the internet, which was attended by 106 respondents. According to the results we can say that mothers on maternity leave are an economically strong group, which is however rarely influenced by marketing promotion. When considering buying products and services, women of this target group take into account mainly opinions of other women in a similar position. They are very careful when they choose new products, they accept commercials sensibly. However, if they are content with a brand, they tend to be loyal and they can be a great contribution for a company.
|
guest ::
