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Ethical Dilemmas of Using Humanitarian Drones
Pavlíková, Markéta ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Hynek, Nikola (referee)
Unmanned aircraft vehicles were primarily used for military purposes and are still used for them. Not only for this reason is their introduction for humanitarian aims disputable, raising various dilemmas. Supporters of humanitarian drones put emphasis on/emphasize their speed, security, data amount and the possible employment of new technology in extreme environments. Critics of humanitarian technologization stress the loss of neutrality and impartiality, politicization and militarization of humanitarian aid. Consensus does not even exist amongst academics in the field. Contemporary literature is primarily targeted on the controversy of dual-usage of UAVs and on potential technical advantages with emphasis on immediate assistance. The literature dealing with ethical issues of humanitarian drones in connection to humanitarian and development practice outside the conflict zone is almost absent, and only marginally or indirectly treats the issue. The aim of this paper is to analyse potential advantages and disadvantages of humanitarian drones' proliferation within the theoretical framework of The Code of Conduct for the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement and Non-Governmental Organizations in Disaster Relief, which deals with basic dilemmas in humanitarian aid. This thesis does not...
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Crowd Behavior Anomaly Detection in Drone Videodata
Bažout, David ; Herout, Adam (referee) ; Beran, Vítězslav (advisor)
There have been lots of new drone applications in recent years. Drones are also often used in the field of national security forces. The aim of this work is to design and implement a tool intended for crowd behavior analysis in drone videodata. This tool ensures identification of suspicious behavior of persons and facilitates its localization. The main benefits include the design of a suitable video stabilization algorithm to stabilize small jitters, as well as trace back of the lost scene. Furthermore, two anomaly detectors were proposed, differing in the method of feature vector extraction and background modeling. Compared to the state of the art approaches, they achieved comparable results, but at the same time they brought the possibility of online data processing.
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Contemporary UAS and the possibilities of their application to European commercial airspace
Fridrich, Jan ; Chlebek, Jiří (referee) ; Vosecký, Slavomír (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the characterization of legislation for modern unmanned aircraft system (UAS), their commercial use in Europe and the expected development in the future over a period of 3-5 years. In the first part, I focused on the reasons why the category of unmanned aircraft systems was created and described how legislation and individual regulations for the states of the European Union and the European Aviation Safety Agency are created. I selected and summarised the most important legislation in force for the category of unmanned aircraft systems. At the same time, I explained the conditions for registration and flying with UAS and defined the airspace for UAS, which is called U-Space I drew information from the electronic versions of the various regulations published in the Official Journal of the European Union. In the next part, I looked at the CNS technology, which will need to have a UAS in order to communicate with the air traffic controller (ATC). Subsequently, I defined the objectives and possibilities for commercial use of UAS in Europe. The thesis can be used as a qualified aid in studying legislative issues regarding UAS or in theoretical instruction in the branch of Professional Pilot.
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Search-and-Track Techniques for Autonomous Drone
Patík, Vladimír ; Barták, Roman (advisor) ; Vodrážka, Jindřich (referee)
In this diploma thesis we are proposing solution for the search and track problem an evading ground object by an air pursuer in a 3D environment. In addition to static obstacles, there may be dynamic obstacles in the environment which are not plotted on the map provided to the drone. In order to avoid a collision, a safety method has been proposed which is based on processing the image from the input camera by a neural network. The tracking subtask is solved by a reactive algorithm adapted for movement in a built-up area. The probabilistic search algorithm is based on solving Art Gallery and Orienteering problems using nature-inspired algorithms. All algorithms and procedures are evaluated in a simulated environment on randomly generated maps.
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User interface for drone control using augmented virtuality
Sedlmajer, Kamil ; Nosko, Svetozár (referee) ; Beran, Vítězslav (advisor)
The thesis evaluates the current possibilities and problems of drone control and suggests possible solutions. The aim is to control drones more efficiently and easily. The final system is based on third person view and Augmented Virtuality technology where real data from the drone (video-stream, localization information) has been integrated into the virtual 3D model of the surroundings. The model of the surroundings has been created using free data. The application provides the pilot with the means to navigate in the surroundings and to navigate to destinations. It also offers the possibility to define areas with various potential security risks during mission planning, which will be used to navigate in the mission zones, and to visualize the overall situation in the virtual scene extended with online real data.
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Determining of Dron Localization Using Navigation Systems
Nosál, Jan ; Goldmann, Tomáš (referee) ; Drahanský, Martin (advisor)
The thesis describes problems of drone navigation using navigation systems with which the navigation modules that have been tested are able to work. Next the issue with flight path and the determination of the incline and direction of the flight of the drones was solved also. Drones are more and more popular devices used for military, agricultural and commercial purposes. The thesis contains information about most used navigation systems which we encounter every day especially in cars and aircrafts. There were tested two navigation modules for drone localization. Modules capable of handling five navigation systems GPS, Glonass, Galileo, Beidou, QZSS and they can communicate with the Arduino board and IMU controller for drone positioning.
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Targeted killing: How and when intelligence agencies eliminate their targets and the impact of emerging technologies
Nguyen, Ba Nguyen ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Tesař, Jakub (referee)
History has shown that assassination could be wielded as an effective weapon in the pursuit of interest, security and power. As the feudal age neared its end in Europe, nation states emerged. Despite its pragmatic usefulness, assassination was considered unfit for this new form of governance. States no longer sought to destroy one another as predicted by Thomas Hobbes, but adhered to John Locke's proposed values, which believed that states could mutually exist as rivals. In this system which favored negotiation and settlements, it was difficult for assassination to have a place. Yet at the start of the 21st century, assassination once again saw employment. As of today, it is preferably referred to as targeted killing by its employers and has become somewhat of a 'new normal.' Clearly, there must be certain permissive catalysts that allowed this to happen. This master's thesis firstly explores the ways the United States, Israel and Russia conduct their assassination/targeted killing operations to present the unique ways these states eliminate their enemies, and secondly pinpoints the permissive causes that allowed these three super and great powers of assassination to transform the international norm against assassination and turn a dishonest, immoral practice into something more acceptable and fit...
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