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The poetics of the Czech nationalism and the policy of identity of the Czech Jews between nation, race and class (1876-1921)
Strobach, Vít ; Pullmann, Michal (advisor) ; Frankl, Michal (referee) ; Barša, Pavel (referee)
The thesis submitted by me deals with two interconnected problems. The first part of the text consists of an analysis of changes of the Czech nationalistic discourse, with an emphasis on periods of political crises in the years 1897 - 1899 and 1918 - 1920. I attempt, primarily, to picture the importance of racial analysis - a transcription of nationalistic discourses into biological terms on the background of the struggle for recognition of those public spheres which tried, at the end of the 19th century, to enter the political space defined as the Czech national society. Racial analysis became, within the discourse, one of the strategies of this struggle for recognition and means of expression of opposition against the liberal conception of equality and the state that represented such a liberal order (i.e. the Austro-Hungarian monarchy). Following the First World War, the function of racial analysis changed: this time, racial war discourses helped to preserve the integrity of the national state and the notion of a common national interest. In the second part, which is more analytical and extensive, I try to explain how the modern policy of the Jewish identity formed itself in the given political space. First, I outline the form and development of languages of political identity integrating liberal and...
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Political development in post-Saddam Iraq. The Shia between sectarianism and nationalism.
Klasová, Pamela Markéta ; Gombár, Eduard (advisor) ; Ženka, Josef (referee)
This thesis examines the Iraqi Shia community's evolving approach towards and their position in the Iraqi state, especially after the American-led invasion in 2003. The focus is on concepts of nationalism, sectarianism, and identity within the Iraqi state and the Shia community. This thesis is subdivided into two main parts, the first of which considers the time period before 2003. Contemporary Shia identity and standing in Iraq was forged in the crucible of pre-2003 Iraq, so a thorough background in this time period is essential for understanding events after the invasion. Since the founding of the modern Iraqi state, and even during Ottoman times, Shias have traditionally been excluded from positions of power. This political division reflected the socioeconomic divide between the wealthier Sunni and poorer Shia communities. This situation resulted in sharp barriers between Sunnis and Shias. Although the Sunni-dominated monarchy was not actively trying to incorporate the Shias, economic and educational progress eventually reached some in the Shia community beginning in the 1930s and 1940s, and several of these sectarian barriers faded. Partly due to a secularizing trend, the 1950s and 1960s (the "intermezzo" republican period) witnessed the greatest amount of intermingling between these sects in...
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The Benefits of Loss: Life Strategies and Negotiations of Identity amongst Indian Transmigrants in Melbourne, Australia
Slavková, Markéta ; Ryška, Tomáš (advisor) ; Halbich, Marek (referee)
My thesis The Benefits of Loss: Life Strategies and Negotiations of Identity amongst Indian Transmigrants in Melbourne, Australia is a study of a community of transmigrants of prevailingly Indian origin who immigrated to Melbourne Australia. The majority of these persons came to Australia on overseas student visas in order to pursue a university education; this later created an opportunity for them to obtain permanent residency in Australia through The General Skilled Migration program. This specific migration flow of persons with high skill and education has been supported by the Australian government in the last decade as a reaction to the increased mobility of population in the globalized world. The study focuses on the life strategies and negotiations of particular individuals attempting to show how these global trends are mediated in specific stages of their lives. At the centre of my interest lies a social network of 14 friends who constitute a transnational community in Melbourne, their motivations of migration, the stories capturing their experiences of the migration process, life strategies in the territory of a foreign nation-state and everyday negotiations of both individual and collective identity.
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Women and the Question of Irish Independence
Blažková, Olga ; Skřivan, Aleš (advisor) ; Tumis, Stanislav (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with women who played an active part in the struggle for Irish independence in the years 1890-1921. The women who I mainly focused on weren`t mere auxiliaries to men. Even though Ireland at that time was a highly conservative country, where the role of both sexes was strictly divided, these women managed to challenge social conventions. They founded their own national organizations, which (perhaps in their size, definitely in their prominence) had then no equivalent in other European countries. They used every opportunity to assert themselves in political as well as military fields and some of them even took up high political posts. Therefore besides depicting the actual activities of women on behalf of the national movement, this work is trying to evaluate the mutual relationship between nationalism and the question of women`s emancipation. The main events of the Anglo-Irish conflict then provide the background for this work. According to this the diploma is divided chronologically into three main chapters, which deal with the periods before and after the first world war. That is because the world war contributed largely to the breakout of the Easter uprising and the following rise of a mass revolutionary movement in Ireland. The diploma ends with gains of a dominion...
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The Reception of Friedrich Ludwig Jahn and his Ideas in the German Gymnastic Club
Klement, Martin ; Stellner, František (advisor) ; Županič, Jan (referee)
The goal of this paper is to analyse the evolution of the perception of the German gymnastic movement founder Friedrich Ludwig Jahn (1778-1852) and of his ideology in the German Gymnastic Club. Since the eighties of the 19th century, the Jahn's ideas had been specifically interpreted in the gymnastic clubs in Lower Austria. This interpretation, under the direct influence of growing racial anti-Semitism, consisted of an extreme national and racial intolerance. The clubs, since 1889 associated in German Gymnastic Club, gradually made their way to the radically national movement that gained the epithet of "völkisch". Various methods have been applied to determine how the club adopted, interpreted and in its own way also changed the Jahn's teaching in the field of the language, physical exercise, national and anti-Semitic ideology and, last but not least, in terms of festivities and symbology. The result of the study has shown that the "völkisch" interpretation of Jahn's controversial ideas enabled the Club to lay the foundations for the new ideology which was to become dominant in the gymnastic movement of the German speaking countries in the thirties of the 20th century.
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The Olympic Games in Barcelona 1992 as a factor of changes in Catalan nationalistic discourse of political parties
Balík, Jiří ; Matějka, Ondřej (advisor) ; Kasáková, Zuzana (referee)
Interrelation between sports and politics in the specific case of the Olympic Games in Barcelona in 1992 offers a wide range of opportunities to strengthen nationalist tendencies of the Catalan society. This thesis examines how the organization of this event affected the development of Catalan nationalistic discourse of political parties. These changes are analysed on two levels. The first level is the evolution over time - the thesis compares the periods before and after the Olympics and looks at trends across each period. The second level is the development in the level of debate - the thesis looks at the category of political parties, at the category of Catalan politics and at the category of the Spanish nationwide politics, while it analyses the moves of the topics and trends across the levels. Thus, the thesis examines trends of the political discourse in the electoral programs, in speeches at annual meetings at the level of the Catalan parliament and in speeches at annual meetings at the level of national Spanish Parliament. The basic parameters of the research work are themes of language policy, cultural policy, the issue of state structure juristic reform, linguistic forms of the discourses and relation to the Olympic Games. The main basis of this work is the contribution of sporting events...
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Identity construction of young migrant generation on the example of Bulgarians in Prague
Volfová, Veronika ; Macků, Lucie (advisor) ; Fajfrlíková, Pavla (referee)
Goal of the thesis is to describe identity of young generation of imigrants on the example of Bulgarian minority living in Prague. Thesis shows in which way are the bulgarian traditions kept including language and popularization of bulgarian culture in Prague. The first part of the work is focused on basic terms that are relevant for the subject. The terms are: etnicity, identity, nationalism and nation, integration and acculturation, ethnical space, minority. In theoretical part you will be also acustomed with a composition of minorities in Czech Republic. Following that the focus will be placed at bulgarian minority in Prague and its main cultural specifics. Goal of the second part is to give an idea of young Bulgarians in Prague and reveal in which way their identities are shaped. Practical part is based on research conducted by author. Research consists of semistandardized interviews with members of bulgarian community, aged 18-29 years, who live in Prague.
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Tosks and Ghegs in Albania and their perception of Albanians in neighboring countries
Müller, Petr ; Kokaisl, Petr (advisor) ; Štolfová, Andrea (referee)
This thesis aims to examine ethnic identity of Albanians both inside and outside of Albania. This thesis is based on field research and qualitative research conducted in Albania and Kosovo. The thesis follows several basic ethnic differentiation characters and their relevance in the construction of ethnic identities selected groups living in Albania and Kosovo. The work is focused on the question of language, religion, historical memory, politics, ethnic stereotypes and perceptions of ethnic itself.
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he Role of Ethnicity in Escalation of Armed Conflict: Case Study Bosnia and Herzegovina
Vápeníková, Sára ; Havlová, Radka (advisor) ; Dubský, Zbyněk (referee)
The Bachelor thesis deals with analyzing the escalation of the ethnic conflict in Bosnia and Herzegovina. After the death of communist leader Josip Tito in 1980 the nationalist ideologies started to revive. Due to the deteriorating economic crisis, high level of unemployment and the rhetoric of the political elites these ideologies had resulted in a war among nationalities that had lived together for centuries. The war among the three ethnic groups, which erupted in 1992, until then was considered to be the bloodiest conflict in Europe since the Second World War. The thesis also brings the analysis of other factors that influenced the escalation. Very important are economic, political, structural and cultural factors about which a significant part of this thesis is.
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