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Nursing care management of patients after intrapleural chemical pleurodesis
KIESEWETTEROVÁ, Renáta
The pleurodesis is a treatment method for patients suffered from the symptomatic malignant pleural effusion. The goal of the pleurodesis is to close a pleural area by connection of visceral and parietal pleura in order to reduce or terminate production of pleural effusion. The sterile talc powder is the world's most used agens within a practice. After a parental analgesic is the powder (as a sllury) either applicated into a pleural cavity through the chest drainage or surgically dispersed over the treated (via abrasion, decortication) pleural space during the thoracoscopy/thoracotomy. This diploma thesis focuses on the treatment technique of bedside talc-pleurodesis through the chest drainage. The nurse has an irreplaceable role in the whole process from a preparation of patient to assistance by intrapreural application, to care of patient after the operation or serves as a physical support during potential complications. The aim of the presented work is to detect priorities in nursing care and find out whether patients need increased care after intrapleural therapy. The qualitative research method was chosen for the analysis where semi-structural interview with open questions were used. We created case reports analysed with the adaptive model of Callista Roy as well. The research sample contained patients chosen with respect to specialization of researched problem. We set two basic focal stimuli according to the analysis of respondents´ reactions. These stimuli serve as a basis for determination of priority parts of the nursing care by patients after bedside pleurodesis. We defined the need to be without pain and the need to ensure safety and certainty as a central focus of the nursing care. Among secondary fields of nursing care were identified sleep disturbances and limited mobility, which leads to reduction of self-care in getting dress, hygiene as well as in defection and miction. We found out within the second goal identical intensity of the nursing care before and after bedside talc-pleurodesis. This statement is based on comparison of interventions before and after aplication analysed via adaptive model by Roy. Nevertheless, causes of interventions were modified to a certain extent. The main goal of diploma thesis was to map requirements for high-quality nursing care related to bedside talc-pleurodesis via chest drainage. The work should extend theoretical basis not only for nurses in clinical practice.
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Methodist School-Based Prevention and his Role in Practical Elementary School and Special Elementary School
HAVLÍČKOVÁ, Markéta
The diploma thesis focuses at a theme of Methodology of school prevention and its role at the specialised primary school. The theoretical part is split into four main chapters which refers to the education system of children with need of special educative care in the Czech Republic. It defines socially pathological aspects including risk behaviour with its prevention. The last chapter describes primary prevention at schools using a minimal preventive program and work of a methodologist of school prevention. The practical part contains a quality-type research based on semistructural interviews with methodologists of school prevention at chosen specialised primary schools. The first task of my diploma thesis is to find out what advise parents need and ask for the most. The other task is to find out what aspects a methodologist of school prevention has to take into consideration during issuing a minimal preventive program. The questions have been asked in the way to find out how cooperation at the level of prevention between parents and specialised primary school works, and who else among school staff except of a methodologist participates in the issuing a minimal prevention program. I have contacted sixteen specialised primary schools in the South Bohemia region for the interview. Ten have replied, but only six of them were willing to cooperate further. Two of the schools are located in the regional city, the other four are from smaller cities of similar sizes. Interviews were carried out with methodologists of school prevention and questions were focused at the cooperation at the level of prevention between parents and specialised primary school, and possible influence of location of the school which could be reflected in the minimal prevention program.
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Pick´s disease and the specifics of the nursing care of a patient with this disease
KOPKAŠOVÁ, Lenka
Pick's disease is a degenerative-atrophic process that primarily affects the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain. Besides Alzheimer's disease, it is a lesser known form of dementia which affects people of younger age. Although the exact range of Pick's disease occurrence varies in the literature, the average reported age is between 50-60 years. The disease can change eating habits, cause emotional swings, inappropriate behaviour and sloppy appearance of the patients. The behaviour to others is often selfish, the patients are unable to listen to others and ignore their surroundings. Pick's disease is also characterized by inappropriate sexual behaviour. Globally, the number of dementia patients is still growing and according to expert guesses the increase will continue. Nursing care for patients with dementia is therefore becoming a very actual topic as dementia is called a quiet epidemic of our century. Nurses in their departments quite frequently encounter patients suffering from dementia of various origins at different stages of disability and the staff at healthcare facilities often regard these people as a burden. The aim of this thesis, which is called Pick's Disease and Specifics of Nursing Care for Patients with this Disease, is, based on the theoretical knowledge, to map definitions and diagnosis of Pick's disease, to define the needs of such a patient, and to list the most common problems in the nursing care. It focuses on people with dementia within medical facilities. For proper understanding of the problem, the thesis starts with the anatomy and physiology of the brain and the description of cognitive functions which are affected by the dementia syndrome and the definition of dementia. Based on the studied literature, dementia is divided according to various criteria. It has been found out that dividing dementia is not entirely uniform, but the essential facts and overall opinions of the authors do not diverge. Pick's disease belongs to a group of frontotemporal dementia and its position in this group has changed over time, as it is recorded in the literature. The thesis includes recommendations resulting from the studied literature in the approach to patients with dementia and emphasizes personal communication with the patients and empathetic and humane approach. Although medicine cannot prevent dementia, an early diagnosis of a specific type of dementia and correctly targeted treatment can increase the quality of life not only of the patients but also of their families. I have chosen this topic because I find it very current and interesting. During my nursing practice at the Surgery Department and Aftercare Department, I have met patients suffering from dementia and I did not know how to properly and efficiently communicate with them. For the theoretical part of my work, the methods of explanation, synthesis and induction on the basis of Czech and foreign information sources have been used. The most frequently quoted Czech authors in my thesis are doc. MD. Roman Jirák, PhD., the head of the center for diagnosis and therapy of Alzheimer's disease at the psychiatric clinic of the General University Hospital in Prague, the 1st Medical Faculty of Charles University. This thesis can serve as an informational and educational source both for nurses and the general public who may experience the disease within their families. It would be considered a great success if it helped nurses or family members to diagnose Pick's disease or other dementia at an early stage.
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Family care of the elderly with regard to the main carer
Moravcová, Lucie ; Jeřábek, Hynek (advisor) ; Tuček, Milan (referee)
Thesis "Family Care for Seniors" deals with the issue of family home help for seniors. It concerns mainly primary home caregivers who take care for their parents/partners, eventually organize this care. These primary caregivers mostly decided on caring at home (not in an institution) for senior. The work discovers decision-making processes that anticipate care-giving. It also deals with beginnings of home caring and with reasons and causes for home help. It also includes analysis of problems which caregivers have to face and recommendations for easing their situation. Also for the purpose of comparison, a small part of the thesis is dedicated to relatives who look after seniors who are taken care of by institutions mostly. Basically, the work is a report from a research which was conducted in two phases: in the first, analytical phase, data were collected with the use of standardized questionnaires from 800 Czech households; in the second phase in-depth interviews with primary caregivers and in the third phase in-depths interviews with "institutional family caregivers" were used to collect data. In the introduction you can find definitions and analysis of main concepts concerned with home help issue, theoretical analysis of the issue (from sociological, social-psychological and demographical point of view)...
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Rate burden explored the sick with Alzheimer disease
Houdková, Milada ; Štefančíková, Mariana (advisor) ; Rybářová, Marie (referee) ; Šlaisová, Ivana (referee)
72 ANNOTATION Author: Milada Houdková Institution: Institute for social medicine LF UK in Hradec Králové Department of nursing, Title of the work: The intensity of the burden of providing care for the sick with Alzheimerovou diseases Head of work: PhDr. Mariana Bažantová Number of pages: 101 Numer of enclosures: 3 Year of vindication: 2010 Key words: strain, stress, Burnout, caregivers, Alzheimer's disease The thesis describes and discusses the physical and emotional strain experienced by nurses and caregivers caring for Alzheimer's patients. The theoretical part focuses on Alzheimer's disease, its stages, symptoms, treatment and nursing care for Alzheimer's patients. It also describes the strain experienced by nurses and caregivers, and provides several suggestions for preventing related stress and burnout. The empirical section describes the work methodology and presents relevant research. The research was conducted using qualitative methods, the data collection was carried out by semi-standartized interviews, and the results were evaluated using open coding. The thesis analyzes the strain subjectively perceived by nurses and caregivers, focusing on emotions, everyday life of nurses and caregivers, possibilities in combining professional and personal lives, and awareness of the burnout syndrome...
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Stress and coping of this load on nurses who work on pediatric
Křížová, Blanka ; Mareš, Jiří (advisor) ; Nováková, Jitka (referee) ; Štefančíková, Mariana (referee)
Surname and name: Křížová Blanka Institution: Univerzita Karlova v Praze, Lékařská fakulta v Hradci Králové Project title: Stress and coping of this load on nurses who work on pediatric wards in hospital. Supervisit: prof..PhDr. Jiří Mareš, CSc Defence year: 2010 Key words: children's nurse , children , stress, coping, relaxation, recreation The goal of bachelor's thesis is to analyse stress, mental load and coping of this load on nurses who work on pediatric wards in hospital. In theoretical part I work with expressions of stress - types, cause and manifestation, stress adaptation. Burn out syndrom as result of stress. Possibilities of relaxation and recreation. The quantitative study was carried out to measure effort and working conditions on pediatric wards, according to structured questionary. In a quantitative questionnaire study took part 100 nurses of 9 pediatric wards. Hypothesis no1 and no2 has not been confirmed-stress feelings of nurses are not impressed by neither age nor their own children. Hypothesis no3, no4 and no5 has been confirmed partially. These hypothesis describe major stress and anxiety by which suffer nurses working on intensive pediatric care wards, satisfaction and good feelings of nurses working on standard pediatric wards and interaction between major stress and...
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The Reconciliation of Work and Personal Live
Ticháková, Zuzana ; Pauknerová, Daniela (advisor) ; Bedrnová, Eva (referee)
This thesis focuses on the reconciliation of work and family responsibilities of women. The aim is to find out how women manage to balance work and family, how much time per week they dedicate to housework and family care and how is their partner involved in the responsibilities. Interviews and questionnaires are used for these purposes. The idea of gender roles is reflected not only in the work area, but also in the personal one. The man expects that the woman will take care of household and children. It is appropriate for the partners to have an equal part of the responsibilities that arise from living together and starting a family. It is also necessary to solve who of the partners stays on parental leave. It always depends on the individual case and the mutual agreement of the partners.
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Nursing errors
Votroubková, Michaela ; Schneiderová, Michaela (advisor) ; Kutnohorská, Jana (referee) ; Machalová, Iva (referee)
Keywords: nurses mistakes, nurses violence, motivation, nurse, burn out syndrom, relation of nurses to patient, prevent aquisition Evevery of medical institutes are trying to offer the best care of their patients. All of hospitals want to aspire of acreditation and try to find every risks to prevent of patients damage. This problems including nurses mistakes also. In part of theory of my bachelor thesis I tried to explain problems bear on nurses mistakes. I wrote about causes of patients damage, why nurses having bad behaviour to their patiens, which nurses také care about. I tried to propose to prevent aquisition againts nursing violence of patiens. Mistakes of nurses can't be forgot, but every mistakes could be a chance to be better in our work. In part of research I choose research of quality and I used standardized interview. I spoke wit six patiens, who was lying in the hospital and I wrote everything, what they said to me. I asked them about problems of damage of patiens by nurses. I asked of their experiences with this problem. Endly I asked them of prevent aquisition againts nurses violence of patiens.
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Questions of pastoral care for elderly parents
Tůma, Petr ; Opatrný, Aleš (advisor) ; Matějek, Marek (referee)
Pastoral questions of care for parents during their prime of life The Bachelor dissertation named Pastoral questions of care for parents during their prime of life inspekts and describes the prime of life, family and pastoral work. At the begginning, the needs of people in their prime of life are described, together with aging of the Czech and European societies. Then follows an analysis of a family from the point of view of a moral theology and subsequent duties of family members as a result. Subsequently pastoral care and the needs of senior members of the society are analysed. After that the dissertation refers to tasks of pastoral care in a family. At the end the dissertation sums up all the issues and offers possible methods of solution. Key terms: prime of life, family, pastoral care
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Discrimination against women in the Czech labour market. Do women face discrimination in the Czech Republic?
Procházka, Jan ; Brožová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Tříska, Dušan (referee)
The thesis analyses Czech and EU legislation which is intended to prevent discrimination in the labour market and focuses on the three main models of discrimination: Discriminatory preference, Statistical discrimination and Displacing discrimination. In the opening chapters, the thesis presents the reasons leading to the differences in men's and women's wages not originating from discrimination and also partially disproves the myths about discrimination of women. The analytical and theoretical part is followed by empirical part whose conclusions do not disprove the hypothesis of discrimination in Czech labour market, nevertheless comes to the conclusion that the part of the differences in average income, that exist, can be explained mainly by following factors: the number of worked hours, education level, time spent mainly by women on maternity / parental leave and child care and other factors. The results of questionnaire survey realised on the territory of one region and within one area of intervention of Structural funds confirm that the discrimination between men and women doesn't exist.
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