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Application of higher education graduates in the labor market
Nováková, Kateřina ; Hájková, Ivana (advisor) ; Zdeněk, Zdeněk (referee)
The thesis is focused on the employment of the university graduates in the labor market. The theoretical part is attention to the activities of the human recourses from the perspective of the labor law. Especially, when the company wants to employ an new employee. It focuses on the methods of the recruitment and the selection of future employees. Furthermore, it defines the terms associated with the creation of the employment and the requirement of the employment contract, considering of valid and statutory regulations. The practical part is used for mapping the situation in the labor market in Czech Republic focuses on the university graduates. Thought statistical analyzes the data of the Czech Statistical Office and Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs were found affecting factors that cause unemployment of these graduates. Further, was found that university graduates are still the most attractive, the most active and least vulnerable group on the labor market. So, it is confirm the assumption that with higher education grows the chance to be successful.
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The influence of time in feed enrichment with unsaturated fatty acids to selected parameters of pig carcass value with regard to the fatty acid composition of intramuscular fat
Pantoflíček, Jiří ; Čítek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Miloslav, Miloslav (referee)
The thesis aims to evaluate the impact of aliment with higher contents of unsaturated fatty acids, consumed for a different period of time, to utilitarian attributes of pigs before a slaughter, with respect to the composition of fatty acids in the intramuscular fat of tested animals.
The factors that influence the quality of meat are interior, exterior and technological. Among the qualitative markers of quality of meat we rank the share of meat and fat, acidification rate, color, viscosity, contents of intramuscular fat (marbling), smell, taste, juiciness and delicacy. Together with hygienic and nutritive attributes, consumers and processors consider these technological and sensory aspects to be the most important.
The ultimate goal of this thesis is to compare the impact of different length of feeding soy oil on parameters of pork meat quality and growth.
However, the interference of growth attributes was inconclusive and the test result came similar in different groups of tested pigs.
What was influenced by adding the soy oil into the feed is the fatty acids profile. The contents of fatty acids remained unchanged in every test group. Over time the content of monounsaturated fatty acids decreased. The most significant change occurred in representation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, which increased in the test groups with longer period of feeding with enriched feed, mostly at the expense of monounsaturated fatty acids.
The differences between the test groups of pigs were statistically inconclusive; therefore the soy oil enrichment did not worsen the technological parameters of meat and fat quality.
The longer period of feeding the soy oil enriched feed led to significant increase in polyunsaturated fatty acids. According to the findings, adding the soy oil into the feed will have no effect at all if done short time before the slaughter.
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Use of Festuca arundinacea for decorative lawns
Doskočil, Jan ; Svobodová, Miluše (advisor) ; Hrevušová, Zuzana (referee)
Use of Festuca arundinacea for decorative lawns
Summary
Festuca arundinacea is briefly bentgrass with broader and coarser leaves. Hardly perennial grass, native to Europe, is well known for its high resistance of dry weather, low intensity of maintenance and resistance of high use. These qualities gains thanks to its well-developed and deep root system, which is capable to gain water and nutrients from deeper parts of soil. Its use is in places with high use, like a race-course, edges of roads or vineyards alleyway. Today, in time of global warming, its usage becomes more important for park purposes and low-input turfs, where is its higher resistance against biotic and abiotic stresses, mainly against drought, utilized. Festuca arundinacea complement well with Poa pratensis in turf.
Goal of this work was to evaluate turfs with Festuca arundinacea and chosen grass species under different mowing frequency. According to hypothesis frequency shouldn´t affect turf coverage. Coverage should be same with different mixture composition with Festuca arundinacea.
The experiment was performed on experimental land of Czech university of Life Sciences Prague, Suchdol in 2015. Mixtures of Festuca arundinacea with Festuca rubra, Poa pratensis and Lolium perenne were seeded together with monocultures of these species in 2012. Mixture composition was 50/50 except mixture of Fesruca arundinacea and Poa pratensis, where the mixture was 75/25. There were conducted 63 plots, in 3 repetitions and in 3 different frequencies of mowing (by 14, 30 and 45 days). Each plot was 6 m2 big. The results were evaluated by analysis of variance ANOVA (P is smaller than 0.05) in program Statgraphics, version XV.
Influence of mixture composition to level of growth was significant. The highest level of growth has monoculture of Festuca arundinacea (10,6 cm). The lowest level of growth has monoculture of Lolium perenne (5,4 cm). Monoculture of Festuca arundinacea had the highest intensity of grow (0,07 cm/day) at 14-day frequency of moving. Lolium perenne has the lowest intensity of grow (0,02 cm/day). At 30-day frequency of mowing mixture of Festuca arundinacea with Poa pratensis has the highest intensity of grow (0,24 cm/day). The lowest intensity of grow has Lolium perenne (0,01 cm/day). The highest intensity of grow was at 45-day mowing frequency. The highest intensity of grow has mixture of Festuca arundinacea with Festuca rubra (0,75 cm/day). The lowest intensity of grow has monoculture of Lolium perenne (0,06 cm/day). Influence of mixture composition to coverage was statistically significant. The highest coverage has mixture of Festuca arundinace with Festuca rubra (81,3 %). The lowest coverage has monoculture of Lolium perenne (58,6%). Influence of frequency to level of growth was statistically significant. The highest level of growth has 45-day frequency of mowing (6 cm) and the lowest level of growth has 14-day frequency of mowing (3,8 cm). Influence of frequency to coverage was statistically significant. The highest coverage 14-day frequency of moving (76,5 %) and the lowest has 45-day frequency of growing (66,7 %).
The knowledge gained will be used for further compilation grass mixtures for park lawns. It turned out that it is better to prefer seeding mixtures with Festuca arundinacea than monocultures. To achieve high coverage and optimal intensity of growth with Festuca arundinacea was recommended to follow 30-day frequency of mowing.
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Labor relations academics
Mikšovská, Zdenka ; Světlíková, Daniela (advisor) ; Klára, Klára (referee)
Thesis on labor relations academics in its introductory chapters provide a comprehensive overview of the historical development of labor law, legal norms and the development of higher education in the Czech Republic. Further explanation was provided about the sources of law, they have been characterized in detail the different legal standards. The purpose of the above analysis was to create a comprehensive overview a system of labor law. In the fourth chapter, were analyzed in detail types of labor relations to the next chapter was at a particular college, the University of Jan Evangelista in Ústí nad Labem, pointed out how the above-mentioned issue addressed in practice.
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Analysis of sheep utility attributes in ecological and conventional flocks in the Czech Republic
Linhartová, Iveta ; Ptáček, Martin (advisor) ; Jan, Jan (referee)
The goal of this diploma thesis was to perform an analysis of sheep breeding of Suffolk breed in basic reproductive performance and meat production traits aspects. The information for rating these aspects was used from two farms. The first of them used conventional way of breeding (ZVOZD Horácko, družstvo) and the second one used ecological way (EkofarmaKosařůvmlýn, s.r.o.).
Fertilization, fertility, intensity and rearing belong among monitored reproductive indicators. These reproductive indicators are expressed in percentages. Regarding meat production traits rating in this thesis we compared influences of year of lambing, farming method, birth month, sex, litter size and age of dam. All these influences were judge according to birth weight (kg), weight at the age of 100 days (kg), average growth (g), depth of the longest dorsal muscle (mm) and according to depth of subcutaneous fat (mm). Reproductive performance and meat production were monitored in years 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015.
In terms of reproductive performance with a few exceptions it was true that ZVOZD Horácko, družstvo reached the best values, and in most cases better than the national average. For example in terms of intensity values in 2012 ZVOZD Horácko, družstvo had 35,9% better results compared to national average. In the same year this farm reached 48,1% higher values of percentage rearing compared to national average. Ekofarma Kosařův mlýn, s.r.o. showed worse performances, however it was in most cases better than national average. In terms of intensity in 2011 Ekofarma Kosařův mlýn, s.r.o. had the same results as the ZVOZD Horácko, družstvo. Meat production properties were supported by statistical calculations and all of them were conclusive at least at the level of significance P < 0,05 in all cases except month of birth effect on birth weight. The best results of meat production in terms of effect of lambing had the year 2012, when the birth weight was one of the highest and the other properties (weight at the age of 100 days, average growth, depth of the longest dorsal muscle, depth of subcutaneous fat) were by far the highest in the period of 2011-2015. Next we found out that the ecological way of breeding (in this case Ekofarma Kosařůvmlýn, s.r.o.) has better results than the conventional way (ZVOZD Horácko, družstvo).
The effect of birthmonth has the significant influence on the indicators of meat production and the lambs born in April had the best results. In the case of sex rams are better. Litter size has very important influence on meat production the more lambs per one mother, the lower
birth weights, the lower weights until the period of weaning, the lower weights at the age of 100 days. It is affected by milkiness of the mother. Moreover, the age of mothers also play a significant role. In our research the highest birth weights had lambs of one year old mothers and all other indicators were the highest in the case of three year old dams.
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Characteristics important for ensuring of sustainable and development of dairy cattle herds breeding
Lelek, Jaroslav ; Stádník, Luděk (advisor) ; Petr, Petr (referee)
The aim of this dissertation was to assess the influence of characteristics important for
ensuring of sustainable and development of dairy cattle herds breeding. The data investigated
describe approximately 5138 dairy cows in period of four years in selected farming´s of dairy
cattle in district of Jičín. There were these indicators of reproduction processed: conception
rate after first insemination, conception rate after all inseminations, interval of insemination,
index of insemination, service period and meantime; the data were collected from seven
stables of Bohemian Spotted cattle and from seven stables of Holstein cattle. The longevity
was investigated from the number of dairy cows at respective lactation of both investigated
breeds and from the average lactation in respective years. The results of investigation prove
that the average percentage representation of dairy cow at respective lactation between
2012-2015 ranged 33,4 % at first lactation, and 24,68 % at second lactation, and 18,13 %
at third lactation, and 11,48 % at fourth lactation, and 6,53 % at fifth lactation, and 3,32 %
at sixth lactation, and 2,36 % at seventh and more lactations.
The evident data from comparison prove, that till third lactation there is higher percentage
representation of Holstein cattle and from third lactation there are more cows of Bohemian
Spotted cattle, and also the average reached lactation confirms this the value of 2,75 lactation
for Bohemian Spotted cattle and the value of 2,3 lactation for Holstein cattle. The influence of
breed on the average length of lactation was quite weak. The results of rating indicators of
reproduction also have not proven any statistically important difference between both types of
cattle as concerns values reached by each cattle, but the original Bohemian Spotted cattle
reached better results in all indicators, and thus it is probably more suitable for the area of
district Jičín.
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Growing of rapeseed for energy purposes - impacts and context.
Charvát, Michal ; Kuchtová, Perla (advisor) ; Josef, Josef (referee)
Biofuels are generally based on biomass. It may be a waste biomass or biomass grown specifically. It is used as fixed or lump fuel, and also to as liquid and gas. Liquid biofuels are used both for energy purposes, ie to produce heat, electricity generation, but also as a motor fuels. In this thesis goes on biofuel purposefully grown, about oilseed rape and from it made liquid fuel, in this case of RME rapeseed methyl ester, which is a fuel of the first generation.
The European Union expected that the use of biofuel will reduce CO2 emissions by up to 35% further premised that the development of biofuels will be a positive impact on local employment and it the both on direct and indirect. Further help diversify Europe's dependence on oil imports. They were introduced direct support for growers in order to exlarged the area where grew plants intended for biofuel. These direct resistances were abolished in 2010. Similar support was also intended for producers.
Regarding rapeseed, peak in the sown area across the EU was in 2010, when it was sown almost 7 mil. ha, which is almost 3,5 times more than the original plan for the EU. Last year, it was only 6,45 mil. ha, but with higher-yielding rapeseed seeds. Similarly, increasing the sowing areas you can watch in the Czech Republic. Moreover Czech Republic is the fifth producer of rapeseed in the EU. In 2013/14 have been sown most ha rape, total 418,8 th. ha, but production was the highest in the following year due hectare yields, although with reduced the area sown. Yet is rape sown on 14% of cultivated land.
We can not talk about drastically restricting cultivation of rape, even after termination direct aid. First, the price of rape is very decent and steady and almost half designated for industrial processing it is processed on RME. However, the system of cultivation is not good for the soil. Rape in plans crop rotation is ranked every two years mostly, but the best would be once for five years.
The only assumption was confirmed by the EU, CO2 emissions are lower, but is also needed to count with the amount of N2O emissions, which this benefit is reduced. However on employment it had no effect, or rather negative. More jobs in agriculture provides livestock production and the like can be evaluated also process industry. Another problem is the destruction of ecosystems so that could be grown plants suitable for biofuels. It is a matter of developing countries, in our lands is it about the depletion of fertile land to cultivation fuel instead of food. First, it needed more to fertilize and use pesticides. But also in case of crop failure it is revenue designetid for biofuels producers is delivere even at the cost of food price increases.
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Small-scale biogas technology in Southeast Asian countries: current state, bottlenecks and perspectives
Roubík, Hynek ; Banout, Jan (advisor)
Biogas produced via the anaerobic digestion (AD) of organic waste materials is considered as an important technology in improving the environment because it solves waste management problems and simultaneously produces biogas as a main product and digestate as a by-product, which can also be used as a fertilizer.
Within the rising expectations for the substitution of fossil energy with renewable energy as one of the solutions to cope with climate change, the environmental aspects of small-scale biogas plants, as widely used method for energy creation, should be evaluated in a holistic and systematic way. The use of small-scale biogas plants is mostly common for energy creation from waste in Southeast Asia.
This source of energy is mainly lauded for its low costs, clean production and high fertilization effects of digested matter for crops. There are number of advantages of small-scale biogas production on farms, including also savings on firewood or fossil fuels and reduction in odour and greenhouse gas emissions from using other fuels. However, biogas plants are often poorly managed and there is lack of proper distribution systems for biogas. That results in methane being release inadvertently through leaks in digesters and tubing, and intentionally when production exceeds demand. As methane has a global warming potential 25 times higher than that of carbon dioxide, environmental advantages of small-scale biogas plants might be compromised.
This dissertation intends to provide in-depth understanding about the issue with taking into accounts possible risks. Investigating of such a topic is within continuing concern about small-scale biogas technology in rural areas of developing countries. For this reason technical, social, economic and environmental assessment of small-scale biogas technology will be done. Methods of data collection will consist of questionnaire survey and focus group discussions among randomly selected owners of biogas plants, semi-structured personal interviews with local authorities and facilitators and observation. Furthermore, prediction of future development of this technology will be created.
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Performance of private MFIs and financial cooperatives
Neradová, Alena ; Van Damme, Patrick (advisor)
Developing countries have a long-term deal with a financial and economic instability in the current economic environment. Besides others, one of discussed solutions on that scheme is dedicated to microfinance where are evident efforts at delivering inclusive socio-economic development. Thus, the dissertation is focused on the analysis of the relative performance of private MFIs and financial cooperatives in Mediterranean region on selected socio-economic indicators, such as women's employment, education or level of material well-being. The impact of the offered products, such as credit and savings in the attempt to express what types of institutions are providing higher added value to clientele and in what intensity they change selected socio-economic indicator is also significant. Primary data of selected institutions will be inspected on the background of global data structured in the major regions of the world trying to understand the logics, risks and potentials of the development of the microfinance and cooperative sector and their intersections. The output will be a recommendation for the support of the microfinance and cooperative sector.
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Evaluation of growth and fertility in chosen columnar apple-tree varieties
Brázdová, Ludmila ; Zíka, Lukáš (advisor) ; Súkeníková, Tereza (referee)
This paper deals with the evaluation of growth and fertility in selected apple varieties. I will discuss the range of columnar apple trees, which represent a further step in the development of growing shapes. Eleven different varieties grafted onto two different rootstocks was assessed. Planting was establish in the spring of 2013, the clamp 3 x 0,8 m. The trees were planted as a two-year vaccinees.
The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare the increase in trunk diameter, the intensity of growth and yield of selected columnar apple varieties, before and after the end of their vegetation. It was necessary to evaluate the cross-sectional area strain in (cm2), increase in cross-sectional area strain in (cm2), average fruit weight (g), crown height (m), absolute yield (kg) per tree, specific yield on (cm2) cross-sectional area, yield (kg) on increase in area strain, area yield (t / ha) and specific yield on the crown height (kg / m).
In the theoretical part I will deal with the history of apple growing and growing development of various shapes, characteristics of apple trees, their significance and composition. Further I will discuss demands on the growing the apple tree and its treating. At the same time I will mention the major diseases and pests. At the end of this part I will describe harvesting methods and proper storage.
The practical part is focused on the experiment itself and its subsequent evaluation. I will mention the location and characteristics of the habitat where the apple tree grew. I will describe specific columnar varieties and rootstocks used. I will characterize the specific location of the varieties grown and the activities that were implemented during the evaluation period of the experiment.
In conclusion, the results have been evaluated, to which I arrived during the entire measurements. This part contains the observed values displayed in two tables. For a better overview of the data obtained and the results they are displayed graphically. At the end there is a complete summary of the whole work.
For the most of the results it has been proved that a base affects the intensity of growth and yield. The biggest growth area strain (cm2) had a variety 'Cumulus' on rootstock M 26, but on the rootstock M 9 the increase was significantly lower. When assessing absolute yield the highest values were observed in a variety 'Red Spring' on rootstock M 26, followed by the yield of variety 'Slendera' on rootstock M 26. The lowest yield was observed in cultivar 'Cumulus' on M 9. In these cases, we can confirm the influence of rootstock of variety. When evaluating the specific yield on increase strain the highest yield was at varieties 'Red Spring' on M 26, followed by a variety 'Slendera', where the yield was greater on the rootstock M 9. Here it is impossible to unequivocally confirm that the rootstock M 26 has a higher yield than the rootstock M 9.
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