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Faulty body posture in children of early school age and the possibility of its influence by dynamic neuromuscular stabilization: an interventional non-randomized study
Jílková, Adéla ; Bartlová, Petra (advisor) ; Benešová, Adéla (referee)
This bachelor thesis examines the influence of faulty body posture in children of younger school age through dynamic neuromuscular stabilization, specifically the DNS FIT KID program. The theoretical part includes information about the overall development in childhood from birth to younger school age, valuable insights into posture, correct and faulty body posture, and knowledge about dynamic neuromuscular stabilization with the DNS FIT KID program. Within this program, the principle and application of exercises with exercise positions are described. Two groups of 6 subjects each were created, aged 7 to 10, with different approaches to exercise according to the DNS FIT KID program. One group exercised once a week for one hour under my personal supervision, as I have completed the licensed DNS FIT KID course. The other group was initially instructed in the DNS FIT KID program for home exercise. Exercise frequency, body posture quality, and performance of exercises from the program were monitored. The entire intervention for both groups lasted a total of 3 months. Subjects in the group with regularly guided intervention were examined at the beginning and the end of the intervention period. During these examinations, body posture quality was assessed, functional dynamic tests were performed, and DNS...
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Effects of natural environments on heart rate variability during walking
Polyák, Daniel ; Baláš, Jiří (advisor) ; Hráský, Pavel (referee)
Objectives: The aim of this thesis is to assess the effect of natural contrary to laboratory environment on heart rate variability during walking. Methods: Seven students from the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport of Charles University completed one visit in a natural and laboratory setting. Participants completed the Stroop test for 10 minutes. This was followed by walking for 40 minutes with active monitoring of heart rate variability using a sports watch and chest belt. Seven indicators of variability were assessed: heart rate, RMSSD (Root Mean Square of Successive Differences), Standard Deviation - SD1 and SD2, stress index, PNS index, SNS index. Data were analyzed in Kubios HRV software, processed, recorded in Excel and plotted in bar graphs. Results: Participant 1's average heart rate was 71 t/min in the laboratory, 87 t/min in the natural environment; Participant 2's was 87 t/min in the laboratory, 92 t/min in the natural environment. Participant 1's mean RMSSD was 53 milliseconds(ms) in the laboratory, 30 ms in the natural environment; Participant 2's was 15 ms in the laboratory, 11 ms in the natural environment. Participant 1's mean SD1 was 34 % in the lab, 31 % in the natural environment; Participant 2's was 25 % in the lab, 36 % in the natural environment. Participant 1's SD2...
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How communistic propaganda influenced Czechoslovakian radio's programs for kids between 1968 and 1974
Kaňka, Josef ; Groman, Martin (advisor) ; Bednařík, Petr (referee)
Since the beginning of its more than a hundred-year history, Czech and Czechoslovak Radio has offered a number of programmes for child listeners. Whether it was fairy tales, educational and journalistic programmes or special formats not found in programmes for adults. Children themselves could often participate in the creation of the content. In the politically turbulent 20th century, during which radio experienced the beginnings of democracy, the Nazi occupation, the long socialist era under the control of the Soviet Union and the return to freedom, media content also changed depending on the social situation. From dramaturgy, to form, to content as a key factor. This is especially noticeable in the case of the totalitarian regimes. By excluding or, on the contrary, frequently repeating certain topics and treating them in a critical or servile manner, the representatives of the ruling establishment were able to control the dominant discourse and, with it, influence public opinion and suppress the critical voices. In addition to news and journalism, drama could also be used for this purpose. Using various media outlets, a fictional reality that may have little in common with the real situation can be created very effectively. The aim of this thesis is to search for, analyse and compare these...
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Neck strength as injury prevention in contact team sports
Rygl, Daniel ; Petružela, Jan (advisor) ; Vampola, Jindřich (referee)
Title: Neck strength as injury prevention in team contact sports Objectives: The main objective of this bachelor's thesis is to gather and process information from professional and scientific articles or publications focused on the issue of neck strength as a prevention of head injuries in contact team sports through a literature review. Based on these findings, the aim is to create an overview on head injuries and their prevention through strengthening neck muscles. Methods: The primary prerequisite for the expert and high-quality processing of this literature review was obtaining sufficient information on the given issue, primarily from foreign sources. Results: The final thesis, based on the literature review, presents how literary sources address the issue of head injury prevention through neck muscle strengthening. A total of 47 foreign sources were used. The work shows that strengthening the neck muscles can significantly reduce the risk of concussions and other serious head injuries by improving the stability and resilience of the neck during impacts. The researched methods of neck strengthening include isometric and isotonic exercises, training with elastic resistance bands, and specific stretching exercises. The work also emphasizes the need to individualize training programs according to...
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Studying Changes in Mental Health among University Students Throughout an Academic Year in the Context of the Covid-19 Pandemic
Skácelíková, Eva ; Chytilová, Julie (advisor) ; Votápková, Jana (referee)
This thesis studies changes in mental health among university students throughout an academic year. Understanding mental health fluctuations and identifying periods of higher prevalence of mental health problems is essential for providing support and implementing prevention programs. The topic of the thesis is also motivated by a great burden mental problems pose both for the individual and society as a whole. We analyzed longitudinal data collected online during the COVID-19 pandemic, covering the period from March 2020 to October 2022 and containing 45 waves of data collection. The dataset is representative of the Czech population. We worked with a sample of 162 students and 200 non-students aged 19 to 26. To estimate mental health, we focused on depression and anxiety symptoms, perceived stress, and happiness. Random effect models were used for the analysis. Findings showed that students report poorer mental health than non-students and women experience poorer mental health than men. Our results imply that mental health fluctuates throughout an academic year and that we may observe different effects for women and men. Baseline period for comparing the results is an academic semester. For students, depression and anxiety symptoms increase for women and decrease for men during the exam period....
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Individualist or Communitarian? A study of the Presidential Campaign of Petr Pavel
Tichý, František ; Halamka, Tomáš (advisor) ; Franěk, Jakub (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the analysis of Peter Pavel's inclination towards individualism or communitarianism during his presidential campaign in the period from 6 September 2022 to 27 January 2023. In the theoretical part, the thesis deals with the bases of individualism and communitarianism, their terminology, conceptualisation and use. On the basis of the studied literature, it then links these terms in, to a certain extent, innovative way to the political spectrum, instead of using other terms with which they are more usually associated. Since it does not find a coherent conceptualization of individualism and communitarianism in the literature, it creates its own conceptualization at the boundary between the theoretical and the practical part of the thesis. This conceptualization and knowledge acquired in the theoretical part is subsequently operationalized and a methodology is created, with the help of which it is possible to determine the inclination of politicians or public figures towards individualism or communitarianism. In the practical part, it then carries out a content analysis of statements made by Petr Pavel in his election program and in debates on the three largest Czech TV stations, i.e. Czech Television, TV Nova and Prima, which he participated in before the first and second...
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Conditioning training of babytenists
Křížová, Gabriela ; Kočíb, Tomáš (advisor) ; Carboch, Jan (referee)
The submitted bachelor thesis is titled "Fitness Training for Junior Tennis Players." The main objective of the bachelor thesis is to create a fitness program based on the study of professional literature and previous experiences from qualified courses and studies at the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport (FTVS). The fitness program was developed for a group of three boys and three girls, and its effectiveness was verified through pre-test and post-test measurements. Within this bachelor thesis, a qualitative method was utilized - testing according to the testing batteries of the Czech Tennis Association (ČTS) and the International Tennis Federation (ITF). The results were compared with the standards of the Czech Tennis Association and the German Tennis Association. It was found that the training program we created was effective in 9 out of 10 tests. One unsuccessful test concerned endurance and was created by the International Tennis Federation. Improvement in endurance test according to the Czech Tennis Association occurred in all children of the tested group. The program thus brought improvement in dynamic strength, speed abilities, coordination, flexibility, and endurance capabilities by 50%. In comparison with the standards of the Czech Tennis Association, it was found that some children...
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Implementation of thermal convection model in ASPECT
Štencová, Ivana ; Čížková, Hana (advisor) ; Čadek, Ondřej (referee)
The outermost layer of the Earth, the lithosphere, is broken into several pieces called lithospheric plates. These plates move relative to each other at a rate of several centimeters per year. In regions where two tectonic plates meet, one plate may be forced beneath the other, a process known as subduction. One of the most important tools enabling us to study this phenomenon is nu- merical modeling of thermal convection. Dozens of different programs are used within the international geodynamic community to solve the system of equa- tions describing the flow. Among them, a software package called ASPECT has been gaining prominence recently. ASPECT utilizes the finite element method to solve the governing equations and is particularly distinguished by its imple- mented adaptive mesh refinement. This feature is highly practical when study- ing subduction of lithospheric plates, as it allows for precise resolution of the narrow deformation zone at the plate boundaries. In the course of our work, we compared this program with the alternative software package SEPRAN, which has been used at the Department of Geophysics since the late 1990s. A sub- duction model with a mobile overriding plate was created in ASPECT, and its results were compared with an equivalent model implemented in SEPRAN. The fundamental...
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Chosen aspects of the Compliance management system in a business company
Jendrejovská, Lucie ; Bohuslav, Lukáš (advisor) ; Richter, Martin (referee)
The subject of this rigorous thesis is the introductory analysis of selected issues related to the criminal liability of legal entities, which is a necessary prerequisite for fulfilling the main goal of this work - compliance programs in terms of their significance for potential exoneration of a legal entity from criminal liability under § 8 para. 2 letter b) of the Act on Criminal Liability of Legal Entities (ZTOPO), or § 8 para. 5 of the ZTOPO, and at the same time as a tool to prevent criminal activity. The thesis is also focused on practical recommendations for setting up a functional compliance program in a company, including reporting systems (whistleblowing) and briefly deals with the specifics of competition compliance. The rigorous thesis is divided into four interrelated chapters. In the first chapter I dealt with the fundamental concepts of the law, such as the scope of the ZTOPO, the extent of criminalization, the structure and conditions of attributability of criminal liability to a legal entity, and other selected institutes of criminal liability of legal entities, including their sanctioning and circumstances causing the extinction of criminal liability. The essence of the thesis is captured in the second chapter, where the attention is paid to the compliance program and compliance...
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Practical athletics credit requirements in the study programme Physical Education and Sport with a focus on Education, FTVS UK: Analysis of teaching effectiveness and achieved competencies.
Divišová, Tereza ; Vostatková, Pavlína (advisor) ; Buriánková, Jitka (referee)
Title: Practical athletics credit requirements in the study programme Physical Education and Sport with a focus on Education, FTVS UK: Analysis of teaching effectiveness and achieved competencies. Objectives: The aim of the bachelor thesis is to analyse the practical athletics credit requirements in the study programme Physical Education and Sport with a focus on education at FTVS UK in terms of teaching effectiveness and competences achieved. Methods: the thesis is an empirical-theoretical study based on an online questionnaire survey focusin g on the effectiveness of athletics lessons, extra-curricular training, the difficulty of the disciplines and the achievement of the target competences. The data analysis is displayed through visualization in tables and graphs that include the percentage. Results: The analysis of the effectiveness of athletics teaching at the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport (FTVS) revealed that 72 % of students rate the clarity of the teaching positively, while 12 % consider it insufficient. Only 42 % of students are satisfied with the frequency of feedback from teachers. Another 48 % of students rate the practical teaching as insufficient to meet the credit requirements. The research also revealed that 58 % of students consider extra-curricular training to be crucial...
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