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Sexual coercion /section 186 of the Penal Code/ and other offences against human dignity related to sexuality
Stránský, Daniel ; Gřivna, Tomáš (advisor) ; Bohuslav, Lukáš (referee)
The main theme of this thesis, as the name suggests, is the crime of sexual coercion. This relatively new offense is regulated in seven paragraphs of Section 186 of the Penal Code. Since its introduction into Czech criminal law, it has been a useful addition to the crimes of rape (Section 185 CC) and child sexual abuse (Section 187 CC). It allows the criminalization of offenders who have committed such unlawful acts against human dignity related to sexuality, in particular the freedom of an individual to decide on their sex life, in cases, where sexually aggressive behaviour of the perpetrator has not reached the intensity of rape or child sexual abuse, while the perpetrator remained in the role of an observer, while the victim was forced to satisfy the erotic perception of the perpetrator through his (victim's) body and his own actions. In the first chapter the topic of legal regulation of sexual offenses is set in historical context. Later in the thesis, the crime of sexual coercion is analysed, described, explained and clarified in detail, the thesis deals with its object, physical elements (actus reus), offender (the subject) and mental elements (mens rea), including qualified facts and individual developmental stages. The offense of sexual coercion is further compared with the offenses of rape...
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Children born of War Rape in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Postwar Discourse
Grossová, Veronika ; Žíla, Ondřej (advisor) ; Karasová, Nikola (referee)
The main subject of the research is the social discourse about the ethnic identity of children born of rape during the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1992-1995. Acts of rape are considered to be part of the war tactics of major rivals (Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Army of Republika Srpska, and Croatian Defence Council) and paramilitary units. Forced fertilization and disallowance of abortion was carried out as an accompanying factor of ethnic cleansing. The International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia has recognized these acts as war crimes. The main objective of the research is to pursue a cross- societal discussion on the issue of inheritance of identity in the case of children of war: first, through a discourse analysis of the media, which significantly contribute to the image of these children, and second, through the contribution of interviews conducted during the field research. The way in which the children born of war are depicted and perceived affects various aspects of their lives. The results of the project will contribute to the discussion of war crimes and their impact on contemporary Bosnian society.
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The MeToo movement and its reflection in selected Czech printed media outlets
Knížková, Gabriela ; Krobová, Tereza (advisor) ; Osvaldová, Barbora (referee)
This Bachelor thesis aims to research and describe the media image of the MeToo movement, which prompted women to share their experiences with sexual violence on social media. The theoretical part of the thesis introduces the MeToo movement and its evolution from a local initiative to help socially disadvantaged African American women to its current state, impacting predominantly the American entertainment industry following the scandalous sexual predátory behavior of Harvey Weinstein, a Hollywood producer. The next chapter describes the way the MeToo movement proceded to affect the Czech Republic a the reactions it elicited in Czech society. The thesis also examines the complex issue of sexual violence, its forms and effects and the way its looked upon in Czech society. The media research in this thesis studies texts from Czech online media outlets iDNES.cz, Novinky.cz and Respekt.cz, published between November 2017 and January 2018. The research is completed through the method of triangulation. The method of Berelson content analysis is used and followed by a qualitative method of interpreting the texts. The thesis is complete with charts and a list of analysed articles.
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Prevention of Sexual Violence in Nightlife Setting: An Evaluation of the Nightlife Staff Training from the Trainees' Perspective
Šťastná, Barbora ; Kulhánek, Adam (advisor) ; Gabrhelík, Roman (referee)
Background: The nightlife environment is a frequent place of the sexual violence. It happens mainly because of the atmosphere and environment in the clubs, which are sexualized and characterized by alcohol consumption or other psychoactive substances. In the Czech Republic, nobody has been systematically involved in the prevention of sexual violence by this time. Since the end of 2017, the Department of Addictology has become a partner of the project Stop-SV - Stop Sexual Violence, which is dedicated to staff training in the clubs. Aims: The primary aim is to evaluate the training program by the club staff who attended the Stop-SV training. Methodology: The thesis is based on qualitative research methodology. Respondents were selected as simple random sampling. The selection criterion was the condition of participation in the Stop-SV training as the club staff. The research sample consisted of 11 respondents - 5 women and 6 men, 28 years of average age and on the positions as bar staff, security, managers, nightlife service worker, DJ, photographer. The data were analyzed using open and axial coding methods of the grounded theory. Results: The results are divided into three categories that correspond to research questions - evaluation of methodology and lecturers, evaluation of use in their own...
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The Politicization of Sexuality in South Africa
Ptáčníková, Iveta ; Kolářová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Jiroutová Kynčlová, Tereza (referee)
1 Abstract This diploma thesis deals with the topic of politicization of sexuality in South Africa in relation to sexual violence against children. Using qualitative content analysis the paper examines, how the "baby rape" phenomenon is described in South African media production and how it relates to the new democracy in the post-apartheid South Africa. Likewise, attention is paid to the issue of virginity testing, which is interpreted as a reaction to the "moral crisis" of the newly formed democratic nation. The examined issue is viewed in the wider context of social relations, therefore using an intersectional approach. The analytical aspect of the analysis includes the categories of race, gender, and sexuality. The intersectional concept analyzes the role of media representation in designing individual social categories and thus strengthening certain forms of oppression. The theoretical background of the work is based on black feminism and the Stanley Cohen's theory of moral panic. With analysing media representation it is examined the way the gender, sexuality, and race are studied and represented in order to answer the thesis question of how Western discourse intersects through these analytical categories. Keywords: media representation, qualitative content analysis, intersectionality, politization of...
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The Influence of SASA Group on the Treatment and Integration of the Rape Trauma
Brichcínová, Ludmila ; Čihánková, Ivana (advisor) ; Klvačová, Petra (referee)
This thesis Influence of SASA group on treatment and integration of rape trauma deals with specific contributions of self-help group seen from the viewpoint of its members as it brings healing to their experience with sexual abuse. The work can be helpful for people, who personally experienced sexual abuse or rape or other kinds of sexual assaults and also for people, who are dealing with such a victim personally or proffessionally. The goal of the thesis is to view the healing aspects of the SASA group contributing to recovery from rape - what specifially helps and thanks to what factors. It also shows what obstacles the group can bring about and how its members deal with a concept of 12 steps. Theoretical part explains basic terms and up-to-date situation in the matter. In a nutshell it shows posttraumatic experience of the rape victim in feelings, behavior and needs. It looks upon the trauma how it results in the mental state. Also it shows the self-help groups phenomenon and its role in the system of help as a complementary human care possiblity describing particularities of a specific spiritual self-help SASA group (Sexual Assault Survival Anonymous) based on 12 steps program inspired by Alcoholic Anonymous. Practical part shows data confirming the goals of the work gained by qualitative...
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Sexual violence against women in an armed conflict - the role of international criminal tribunals
Sochorová, Eva ; Hýbnerová, Stanislava (advisor) ; Bayerová, Monika (referee)
- Sexual Violence against Women in Armed Conflicts - the Role of the International Criminal Tribunals The purpose of my thesis is to describe and analyse a development of a regulation in the international humanitarian law and international criminal law and the contribution of decision making of international criminal tribunals in former Yugoslavia and Rwanda with a special focus on sexual violence against women during armed conflict. The reason for my research is the fact that during armed conflict women worldwide are permanently exposed to danger of sexual violence and it is necessary to stress this issue continuously. The thesis is composed of seven chapters. Chapter One is introductory and describes the current state of sexual violence in armed conflict. Further it explains what fields of international law the sexual violence is subject to and it provides a structure of the thesis. Chapter Two examines the international humanitarian law. The chapter is subdivided into four parts. Part One deals with the international humanitarian law in general. Part Two characterises the specificity of sexual violence. Part Three analyses the development of norms protecting women under international humanitarian law until the adoption of the Geneva conventions in 1949. Part Four analyses the regulation in the...
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Sexual violence against women in an armed conflict - the role of international criminal tribunals
Křivková, Helena ; Hýbnerová, Stanislava (advisor) ; Bayerová, Monika (referee)
- SEXUAL VIOLENCE IN ARMED CONFLICT - THE ROLE OF THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURTS The purpose of this thesis is to describe the phenomenon of sexual violence against women in armed conflicts and to describe the influence of the international criminal courts in understanding of this phenomenon. Sexual violence appears in almost every armed conflict. Until the establishment of the international criminal courts in the ninetees the issue of sexual violence against women in armed conflict was overlooked. The prohibition of such treatment was existing, for example The Hague Convention or The Geneva Convention, however no efficient sanction mechanism to punish the perpetrators was existing. The violence against woman was moreover understood as her honour attack without any consequences for the community and the society as a whole. It was a private crime. Mass violation of the human rights in the area of Former Yugoslavia and Rwanda made the United Nations to begin with prosecuting and punishing such treatment. Rape and other forms of sexual violence was recognized as a war crime and the crime against humanity on the basis of the judgements of the international criminal courts. Rape can, under certain circumstances, fulfill the fact of the case of genocide. The international criminal courts strongly made...
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