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Category formation in birds
Zíková, Markéta ; Exnerová, Alice (advisor) ; Sedláček, Ondřej (referee)
Ability to categorize objects and react to members of one category similarly is important for animals in the wild. They use this ability to recognize predators, sexual partners or a prey. Categories might be perceptual, associative or relational. Perceptual categories can be formed by different mechanisms, described by feature, exemplar and prototype theory. Stimuli used in the categorization studies are usually visual - they can be different types of pictures or real objects. This thesis summarizes studies focused on the perceptual categories (categories based on the perceptual similarity) and the relational categories (based on the relationship between objects) on an example same/different, in birds. The categorization in birds is mainly studied in the pigeons, other tested species are corvids or parrots. In pigeons the perceptual categoriz- ation is especially well studied, they can categorize a variety of objects according to the per- ceptual similarity, from natural ones to man-made ones. They predominantly use common fea- tures to add category members. On the other hand corvids are better than pigeons in ability to categorize objects according to the sameness/difference, because they require lower number of training stimuli to full understanding of the task. Key words categorization, concept,...
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The development of audio documentary of the Czech Radio between 2005 and 2015
Milotová, Barbora ; Maršík, Josef (advisor) ; Lovaš, Karol (referee)
Bachelor thesis Development of Radio Documentary in Czech Radio Between 2005 and 2015 deals with the approach of five representative authors in Czech Radio to creating radio documentaries and its development. Firstly the radio genre in general is defined. The following chapters of the first part are focused on defining radio documentary, feature and pásmo, considering their similarities and differences. The aim of this part is to define radio documentary in the way it's not commutable with the feature and pásmo genres, because their characteristics are very similar. The practical part is focused on analyzing representative documentaries. In the last chapter the results and their context are presented. The goal of this part and the main aim of thesis is to find out how the approach of the five representative authors from Czech Radio to making radio documentary changed.
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Comparison of Narrative Methods in Features Published by Respekt and New Yorker
Janauerová, Barbora ; Hájek, Roman (advisor) ; Krobová, Tereza (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to analyse narrative strategies in the texts of the feature genre in two periodicals. Feature genre is longer genre of journalistic (opinion) character regularly used in printed world media, especially magazines. It is a genre which combines elements of two genres - report and analytical article. This thesis compares features in Czech and American environment, the latter being a more tradiotional for the genre. The two periodicals in question are Respekt and New Yorker. The choice is influenced by the fact that the chief editor of Respekt claims the medium to be inspired by New Yorker. The research method of the work is narrative analysis. Analysed categories are then narrator, focalization, description of a character and a alternating of the report and contextual parts of the feature genre. An important part of the work is analysis of intentionality of the use of certain type of narrators and focalization. Some of the narrative strategies, types of narrators and focalization used in the context of the journalistic texts influence the degree of objectivity/subjectivity of the narrative. Through analysis the comparison of the feature genre in Czech and Anglo-American journals is made, how they differ and what they have in common.
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Keeping linear objects of cycling infrastructure in topographical databases and digital cartography.
Růžička, Jakub ; Šára, Pavel (advisor) ; Novotná, Kateřina (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is creating of a new methodology of keeping linear objects of cycling infrastructure in the ZABAGED® database. The methodology determines the way of keeping data in the database including attributes, attributes' description and the way of their assignment to appropriate lines. Objects of interest are marked cycling routes and special types of infrastructure which have been designed for cycling (e.g. bicycle trails, traffic lines reserved for cyclists or cycling corridors). Theoretical part is an overview of different types of cycling infrastructure including legislatively-bounding properties (width, marking) and an overview of the methodology of marking cycling routes. Furthermore, there is an overview of existing databases in which cycling infrastructure is already being kept and five of these are further characterised. The practical part comprises creating of a new data layer to evaluate the function of created methodology in covering real-life object's parameters. The created data layer can be found in attachment of this thesis together with its visualisation on a map. Included in the practical part there also is a description of possible problems which occurred during vectorisation and possible solutions or precautions on how to prevent them.
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Felis versus Felix - Symbolic and narative content (of Cat) in Art and Art education
Pikorová, Karolína ; Velíšek, Martin (advisor) ; Raudenský, Martin (referee)
The theme of this diploma thesis is Felis versus Felix - symbolical and narrative content within art and arts education. This thesis is both theoretical and practical study of the topic. Theoretical part is concerned with understanding key words, their meaning, cat itself, its symbolic, history, properties, and connotations connected to it. The author of the thesis maps the occurrence of cat in art and literature, which she supports by specific examples. She further offers using the theme of the thesis in arts education and introduces already existing art set called "Animal within us". The author proposes another possibilities of using the theme within pedagogical practise. Practical part of the thesis stems from results of heuristic preparation. It contains two sets of art works of various but interconnected nature.
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Human preferences to primate species and their consequences
Zelenková, Michaela ; Frynta, Daniel (advisor) ; Sedláček, František (referee)
One of the most important traits of an individual is the appearance. Though mankind desires to unlock the "beauty code" for centuries, it is very difficult to do so. A lot of papers focuses on the characterization of appearance and preferences towards it. It is now obvious that instead of using just one factor to describe the nature of "beauty", we need to comprehend a lot of factors that put together the puzzle pieces of an attractive individual. Nowadays, a widely accepted fact is that symmetry makes facial and other body features attractive. Other important factors are averageness or so-called baby schema with distinct young features. Similar rules apply for evaluation of preferences towards other, non-human species, especially primates. The most attractive primates have facial features that resemble humans or that are round with big, distinctive eyes (baby-schema). Thus, for humans, the most attractive primates are the ones that are similar to us and that are large in body size, while the unattractive ones have an appearance distinctive to humans. Moreover, humans distinguish two main primate faces: nice and friendly, baby-like faces, and aggressive, dangerous faces.
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Weapon as a work of art. With focus on problems of specific weapons identity and interpretation of weapon as feature
Schartel, Tomáš ; Sýkora, Ondřej (advisor) ; Filip, Michal (referee)
TITLE: Weapon as a work of art. With focus on problems of specific weapons identity and interpretation of weapon as feature AUTHOR: Tomáš Schartel DEPARTMENT: Institute for professional development, faculty of education SUPERVISOR: Mgr. Ondřej Sýkora ABSTRACT: The purpose of this bachelory diploma is to present a weapon as a mean of hunting or fighting, as well as the masterpiece, which says a lot about a person who created it. The creator gave to each weapon himself, didn't he? He had to be a good craftsman but he had to have art feeling too. Some people said the weapon had a magic power, according to others it wasn't difficult to recognize their owner. A long time ago the typical weapon was a sword which the kings and knights used to show their power. The sword as the most important weapon of medieval fighter, was very efficient and it was used for fighting at close range. The sword wasn't only the symbol of war but also the sign of prior role in society. But we can't only see the sword as a weapon. Sovereigners handed over the sword to each other as a symbol of reign leaving. The sword was a symbol of faith at the time of crusade when its shape was taken as a cross. The contribution of the bachelory diploma is acquisition of basic knowledges from the history of development and establishment the variety...
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The Left and the Right in MF Dnes and Právo (how both newpapers define, depict and present the left nad the right 6 weeks before general elections in 2010
Poljakov, Nikita ; Jirák, Jan (advisor) ; Trampota, Tomáš (referee)
This dissertation focuses on the analysis of the front pages of two main Czech newspapers - MF Dnes and Pravo. The front pages are analyzed six weeks before the General elections in 2010. The thesis aims to specify how each newspaper defines and informs about the left-wing and right-wing politics and which topics does it connect with both spectrums. Dissertation also touches the political aspect of the definition of the left and the right with a respect to historical development of both spectrums. Afterwards the dissertation compares both newspapers and tries to figure out, in what topics they differ when defining the left and the right wing. The analysis approaches both newspapers the same objective way, not looking at their political inclination.
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Bifurcation Localization in Retina Images
Pres, Martin ; Drahanský, Martin (referee) ; Semerád, Lukáš (advisor)
From biometrical point of view, main features of retina are fovea, optic nerve and blood vessel tree. Blood vessel tree is unique for each person and this biological feature is used in biometric systems for person-recognition by retinal images. This document describes methods for optic disc and fovea localization, method for vessel tree segmentation, which is based on well-known \emph{Matched filters} method and also describes method for localization of blood vessel bifurcations. Main goal of this thesis is creation of program which can automatically preprocess input image, segment blood vessels and localize vessel bifircations. The program is implemented in Java with OpenCV library.
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Information System Supporting Feature-Driven Development
Tichá, Pavlína ; Zendulka, Jaroslav (referee) ; Rychlý, Marek (advisor)
This thesis deals with the Featured Driven Development (FDD) agile methodics. To support this methodics, an information system has been created, providing all team-members with instruments to follow the methodics. This multi-user system is implemented as a web-based application, enabling creation of a feature list, plan a project, support the cooperation among the feature team members and watch the project progress in an illustrative way. To improve the visualization possibilities, a wide range of reports aimed at the company management and the client is provided.
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