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Tobacco use in the Czech Republic and its legislative measures
Navrátilová, Eva ; Vopravil, Jiří (advisor) ; Zvolská, Kamila (referee)
Bachelor thesis titled Tobacco use in the Czech Republic and legislative measures comprehensively summarized in the theoretical part of tobacco and its history, medical context smoking, the effects of nicotine, describes tobacco addiction and its treatment, and the last part is mainly engaged in tobacco control. Tobacco control is discussed from the perspective of the World Health Organization, the European Union and consequently describes the legislative measures applied in the Czech Republic In the practical part thesis deals with the prevalence of smoking in the Czech Republic, according to the resources available from the Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic, Czech National Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Addiction, The National Institute of Public Health and the World Health Organisation The research question was, what is the consumption of cigarettes in the Czech Republic, which was only found in the interval the minimum and maximum consumption of cigarettes from various administrative data sources. It was subsequently examined the relationship between the increasing rate of excise duty on tobacco products and the development of the number of smokers in the Czech Republic and their consumption. There was hypothesis that increasing the excise tax on tobacco...
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Gender aspects of tabacism by 9th grade elementary school pupils in the area of Most
Matějů, Kamila ; Marádová, Eva (advisor) ; Kučírek, Jiří (referee)
This thesis is aimed at tabacism problems encountered by 9th grade elementary school pupils in the area of Most (Czech Republic). Comparison of gender aspect is accented. The primary target was to figure out the age of first experience with tobacco smoking and to investigate the subjective reasons leading to this act. The other domain of investigation was the attitude of adolescents to tobacco attractiveness and their tolerance to smoking of their future life partners. The thesis also compares my investigation results to studies related to the influence of smoking parents on their children's early experience with tobacco, and related to the manner in which are the elementary school children informed about tabacism issues. Some results of investigation are compared with existing research in the comments. The following facts were discovered - Adolescent girls smoke more than boys, and smoking parents have substantial influence on their children. The majority of children with smoking parents has more experience with tabacism than the children of non-smokers. The primary prevention in schools is performed as part of health education lessons, or similar subjects' lessons. The most usual way in which the children receive information about tabacism is speech and lecture. It was figured out, tabacism...
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Kališ, Jakub ; Dolanský, Pavel (advisor) ; Klimeš, David (referee)
The Bachelor thesis "Marketing communication of the Camel brand: From normal to iconic brand" provides a description of marketing tools of the Camel cigarette brand for the entire period of its existence. More than a century of the brand history is seen mainly from the perspective of the cultural branding. In terms of the paradigm of this approach, it attempts to answer the question whether the Camel brand can be considered iconic. The text is complemented with an extensive visual documentation, which is an essential source of information on the background of historical events.
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Forecasting Tobacco Consumption in the Czech Republic
Štrobl, Martin ; Janda, Karel (advisor) ; Soudek, Jan (referee)
This thesis aims to build a theoretical framework to model the future tobacco con- sumption, size of smoking population and governmental tax revenues in the Czech republic. The main assumption of the model states that smokers determine their fu- ture tobacco consumption behavior as adolescents. This strong statement is backed by empirical evidence. Further assumptions are introduced to make the model ap- plicable to the data by the Czech National Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. The resulting model is simplified, however, is still able to reflect the fu- ture trends induced by upcoming demographic changes to the Czech population and provide forecasts. Future teenage smoking rates and average consumption are the inputs to the model; consumption growth coefficients for each age category are esti- mated using zero-inflated negative binomial regression. Several scenarios are built to model possible developments, including extreme cases. All scenarios showed that all model outcomes are going to grow until 2028 in a very similar pattern. In particular, the projected number of smokers in 2028 is by 4-8% higher than in 2013, the total daily tobacco consumption and tax revenue by 7-26%. This increase is induced by aging of large birth cohorts. Later on, the projected scenarios differ substantially....
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Drug prevention in secondary schools
Čermák, Martin ; Rajsiglová, Jiřina (advisor) ; Janštová, Vanda (referee)
Drugs seem to be really hot topic discussed especially at high schools. Not only the particular drug addicted person but also the entire society and even the state have to face to many risks. School institutions should become one of the places where the primary steps of prevention should be implemented. In order to prepare proper topics and themes for discussions and meetings against drug use, it is important to know which drugs are used and preferred by young Prague citizens. The main aim of this thesis is to map the real situation that exists in the area of drug us in Prague. That is why a survey - based on a questionnaire - was carried out to gather the data to be able to analyze the differences that exist among the students of high schools, especially grammar schools and vocational schools as well as the boys and girls. The theoretical part of the thesis is focused on detailed information about particular drugs and mapping of the situation that exists in this area in Poland, Austria, Slovakia and Germany. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Smoking - Impact on the Czech State Budget and Its Fair Taxation
Hait, Pavel ; Mikolášek, Jakub (advisor) ; Mertlík, Pavel (referee)
The paper addresses the impact of smoking in the Czech Republic in 2009. The aim is to describe the current facts and trends of tobacco consumption, assess the mortality attributable to smoking, compute its financial impact on the Czech state budget, evaluate the transmission of tax changes into the retail price of cigarettes, assess consumer price elasticity for cigarettes, and compute a fair excise tax on cigarettes for the Czech Republic as well as the tax which would maximise the benefits of smoking for the state budget. For our purposes, we define "fairness" as a situation in which there is no net redistribution of state budget funds between two groups of citizens: non-smokers and smokers. Smokers create benefits (for example, savings on pensions due to their earlier deaths) and costs (for instance, increased health care costs) for the state budget. We search for a tax rate that would balance smoking-associated costs and benefits. To the best of our knowledge, there has been no prior work evaluating "fair" tax for cigarettes as we define it. Furthermore, we also compute the tax rate which would maximise net revenues from smoking to the government.
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Tabakismus pupils at sixth classes in selected primary schools in Litvinov
Matějů, Kamila ; Kučírek, Jiří (advisor) ; Marádová, Eva (referee)
Tabakismus pupils at sixth classes in selected primary schools in Litvinov ABSTRACT: The aim of this work is focused on the tobacco problems at pupils in 6th grade in primary schools in Litvinov. I'll try to find out if the number of this pupils who use tobacco products is alarming or if it is only in some cases. I focused on this age group because the puberty starts and also they come from first level to second level in primary schools. This work will be focused on how can these teenagers reach cigarettes, if there is an influence from Litvinov, where they live and meet their freinds, school, which they visit or from parents. The research will be conducted by the surveys. The researches on children and adolescents from a sphere of tabakism precede this survey, also a psychosomatic development and a prevention of this socially pathological behavior in primary schools. Keywords A pupil, children, cigarettes, tabakism, addictive substances, Litvinov, a prevention, an elementary school
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The influence of family environment on the alcohol consumption and smoking in adolescents
Strnadová, Mirka ; Dobiášová, Karolína (advisor) ; Tušková, Eva (referee)
This bachelor thesis describes the phenomenon of alcohol and cigarette consummation among young people in the Czech Republic using the theory of social deviation. The following chapters focus on various topics, for example legislative measures connected to this issue, harmfulness of the substances included in alcohol and cigarettes, the family functions that can affect this behaviour or the possible addiction to the addictive substances as one of the health determinants. Deviation is characterized as an excessive consummation of these addictive substances as the regular consummation of alcohol and cigarettes is common enough that it is considered normal. Czech students appear among the first ten countries in the consummation of alcohol and cigarettes. Their behaviour can be affected for example by sex, type of school, average grades but mainly by bad habits of their friends. According to hypotesis of social deviation the most endangered should be young people coming from incomplete, non-educated families with lot of members. These families lack rules and have bad emotional connections between their members. Analysis of both alcoholism and smoking confirmed the influence of completeness and education of family, the rules in the family and the emotional connections between parents and children. The...
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Cigarette Demand and Cigarette Taxation in Czech Republic
Kvaček, Jan ; Gregor, Martin (advisor) ; Janský, Petr (referee)
5 Abstract: This thesis addresses to the cigarette demand and excise tax on cigarettes in the Czech Republic The aim is to describe behavior of smokers and especially their reaction to the changes in price of cigarettes. Data for household spending are used for this purpose. First part of this thesis is dedicated to description of the cigarette market and socio-demographic characteristics of smokers. Second part concerns with question whether smokers are rational or myopic and how price elastic is their behavior. Then the rest of the thesis describes excise tax payment mechanism and analyzes excise duty incomes. The thesis finds that cigarettes are more affordable these days than in the beginning of 90's. Czech smokers do not fully realize future impact of their behavior and they seem to be very inelastic witch respect to price. The price elasticity was estimated on value -0.2. Given low price elassticitty and increasing purchasing power, the current cigarette excise tax is considered to be too low. Keywords: Excise tax on tobacco, Smoking, Cigarettes, Tobacco, Rational addiction, tobacco consumption of households, Cigarette prices
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