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"Guilt and Wrongdoing: The Problem of Responsibility"
Pacovská, Kamila ; Barabas, Marína (advisor) ; Kohák, Erazim (referee) ; Cowley, Christopher (referee)
(in English) This dissertation explores the notions of guilt and wrongdoing in the context of contemporary analytic ethics. It draws upon the critique, advanced in the second half of the 20th century, of a one-sided interest in episodic action and its rightness or wrongness. Thanks to the revival of virtue ethics during this time, the subject matter of ethics was extended to take account of human character and human life as such. As a result, the domain of moral psychology and of contingent aspects of moral experience started to be explored again. This development in ethics is outlined in the first chapter and the second chapter addresses the impact of this changed understanding of ethics upon our conception of moral judgment and responsibility. I suggest that the concept of responsibility divides in two: responsibility for the agent's (inner) fault and responsibility for the wrongdoing itself. Whereas the remainder of chapter two deals with the former, the rest of the thesis focuses upon the latter i.e. upon responsibility for the wrongdoing and upon two problems which are generated by the intricate bearing of luck and contingency on the concept of responsibility. The first of these problems concerns the relation of the person to her guilt. Guilt arises through a condemnable action for which the...
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What do children draw (not only ) on the asphalt
Hnyková, Michaela ; Velíšek, Martin (advisor) ; Kafková, Helena (referee)
The topic of this thesis What do children draw (not only) on the asphalt is to explore a material potential of outside environment as a specific device for teaching art education. The first part defines the role of the arts in contemporary education system, sets out the main goals and points out specialties of the field. The next section deals with the observation of spontaneous creative expressions of children on non-traditional sourfaces, their place in the natural need for exploration, and playing as a means of understanding the world. Compares the difference of the creation in outdoor environments on unconventional surfaces and the classical indoor creation and deals with the potential use of this knowledge. Looks for possibilities which would enrich the teaching of art and offer teachers new inspiration. Finally, on the basis of my own interventions, verifies the applicability of theoretical findings and their possible application in teaching at primary schools.
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The Multiplicity of Being: The Ontology of Alain Badiou
Pivoda, Tomáš ; Petříček, Miroslav (advisor) ; Kouba, Petr (referee) ; Pechar, Jiří (referee)
Tomáš Pivoda, The Multiplicity of Being: The Ontology of Alain Badiou PhD thesis Abstract The thesis introduces for the first time in the Czech philosophical context the ontology of the French philosopher Alain Badiou, as he set it out in his fundamental work Being and Event (L'être et l'événement, 1988). It first presents the starting point of Badiou's philosophy as well as the reasons of his identification of ontology with the set theory, and it points out Badiou's importance for contemporary philosophy, especially for the so called speculative realism around Quentin Meillassoux. The main axis of the exposition is then built around Badiou's four fundamental "Ideas": the multiplicity, the event, the truths and the subject, in connection with which it is shown how Badiou constructs his conceptual apparatus out of individual axioms of the set theory, whereby he follows the basic formal definition of multiplicity based on the operator . In connection with∈ the first Idea of multiplicity, the thesis exposes - with references to Martin Heidegger and Plato - Badiou's conceptual transposition of the couple one/multiple on the couple existence/being and defines the fundamental concepts of his ontology - the situation, the presentation, the representation and the void, with the help of which Badiou interprets...
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Organic Composition in 20th century abstract art, music and literature
Mücková, Kristýna ; Bláha, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Synecký, Jakub (referee)
The Diploma thesis Organic composition in 20th century abstract Art, Music and Literature aims to explain the gradual process of liberalization of expressive means in Arts, Music and Literature during the 20th century. It describes the picture's emancipation from the dependence on objective reality, particularly V. Kandinsky's way towards abstract expressionism. In Music it traces A. Schonberg's development of the free atonality, and the stream of consciousness technique of J. Joyce in literature. The thesis' second part will be dealing with various manifestations of the organic composition after WWII- action and informal painting in the USA and Europe with its qualitative change. A musical and literal paralel to the principal of organic order will also be briefly introduced on the example of E. Brown's and J. Cage's aleatoric music and the spontaneous writing of J. Kerouac. Selected artistic personalities will be put into socio-cultural context of their time. As a result there comes a complex picture of the organic composition development process, suitable to be used as a source of information for teachers. The didactical part of the thesis will be focused on the possibility of using the given topic in the educational environment.
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MISSING AND DISAPPEARING
Langer, Jan ; Havlík, Vladimír (referee) ; Mikyta, Svätopluk (advisor)
This work documents the author's interest in drawing and is based on the mental background of his artistic creation. The work is guided by the interest in the physical conditions of the drawing itself (materiality of the drawing), but also in the study of drawing as a fluid material of artistic creation, entering into the relationship with the image (drawing as a material). At the same time it deals with the process of creation itself and the phenomenon of repetition. The primary goal of the whole work is not the deliberate laying of pre-formulated questions and the subsequent search for their answers, the presentation of some finished truths, or the mere illustration of a certain issue, but rather the process of finding questions that emerge during the process of creation itself.
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Application of Queueing Theory
VÁŇOVÁ, Eliška
The goal of this thesis was to understand Queueing Theory and use it for analysis of queueing system of hypermarket company PZV. Theoretical part is consists of basic iformations which is necessary to know for application of queueing theory. First chapter is about random variables, random event, random proces, stochastic and Poisson processes and Markov chains. Then was possible to describe queueing theory basic characteristics, parameters, analy-sis, classification and basic models. In the practical part was from the beginning analyze development of custo-mers going through cashier zone. On the base of analysis were customers divided into 4 groups. For these groups were counted characteristics and parameters, next was analyzed the system, but because data were too inaccurate, it was necessary to use different values for the groups and to count analysis for these values. The last step was to find number of cashiers to make system optimal. The result, it was 4 ca-shiers, was unfortunately not accurate. For better results it would be necessary to have more detail data.
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Solving Problems with Uncertainty
Hrdý, Libor ; Martinek, David (referee) ; Zbořil, František (advisor)
In this thesis is described implementation of the logical deskgame Backgammon, which is a game for two players, whereas one is substituted by computer. This thesis is focused on the problems of the programming the graphical user interface with help of toolkit WxWidgets and also the implemetnation of the game core (game controls and AI of the computer) by using ExpectMiniMax algorithm, that is used for the implementation of the games with the strong influence of random, games where random plays a big role, in this particular case throwing the cube.
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Map Generator for Fantasy RPG
Pagáč, Antonín ; Charvát, Lukáš (referee) ; Smrčka, Aleš (advisor)
The aim of this work is to develop a generator of maps used in fantasy role-playing games. The issues of map processing and map creation in real world are described. The work also discuss a number of approaches to map generation in computer games, mind games or board games. Next, a program based on generation of Voronoi diagram is presented, which serves as map creation software. The generator has the means to place objects on map randomly, using user commands, or place objects to specific place using graphical user interface. Generator is implemented in Javascript, which enables the program to be run in web browser on many different devices.
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General liability
KOHOUTOVÁ, Hana
The Bachelor thesis is focused on General liability, which is extended to the issue of liability of the town Písek due to injuries of citizens of the town incurred on the roads in winter period 2009/2010. The target of the first part of this work, a theoretical part, is to provide a comprehensive overview of the topic, which is complemented by a comparison of selected insurance products. The second, practical part, highlights to low awareness of citizens regarding the evidence of resulting the injury and a relatively low number of people in Písek, who suffered a loss and have received compensation to date. The contribution of the thesis is a detailed development work and consideration of the situation which arose in Písek in winter.
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