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Death penalty
Hermanovský, Daniel ; Vanduchová, Marie (advisor) ; Jelínek, Jiří (referee)
Death penalty Death penalty is one of the most controversial sentences in the history of mankind. It was known even 2000 years B. C. and the most famous civilizations as Roman Empire or ancient Greeks were using it. Later in 19th century we can hear first strong voices demanding abolishment of death penalty. The Pioneer was Cesare Beccaria and his work Dei delitti e delle pene. Nowadays 95 countries have abolished death penalty for all crimes, 9 countries abolished it for ordinary crimes and 35 countries have death penalty among sentences but they do not use it. In Czechoslovakia there was death penalty almost through whole existence of Czechoslovakia. It was abolished not until year 1990, after "velvet revolution". Methods of executions have always been very different and they varied depending on the place and time. Among the most known belongs crucifixion, burning to death, decapitation, guillotine, hanging, gas chamber, electric chair and lethal injection. In my dissertation I have to mention two very different countries which still use capital punishment to a large extent. These are United States of America and China. In the USA capital punishment has a long history and nothing seems to suggest that something is going to change even though there were executions of innocent people or executions which...
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An internal audit in the securities trader
Fenstererová, Klára ; Dvořáček, Jiří (advisor) ; Kafka, Tomáš (referee)
First part of this thesis content basic information about an audit, its history and present, relation between internal and external audit, an internal audit and its function, an Internal Auditor. Separate part is applied to risk management. Second part of this thesis characterize a company, the securities trader, present specifics of an internal audit and risk management in this company and briefly clarify a conception of a capital adequacy. Further describe execution of an internal audit and risk management, judge their benefits for the company and content suggestions for more efficient execution and usage of an internal audit and risk management.
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Analyses of the regulation's and supervision's models in the financial market
Jakub, František ; Musílek, Petr (advisor) ; Tomšík, Vladimír (referee) ; Jirák, Pavel (referee)
My thesis is directed to the definition, description and comparison of models of the financial market's regulation and supervision. The attention is addressed in particular to institutional aspects of individual systems, advantages and risks which are connected with them, and also to reasons which trigger changes in single countries. The internacional standards are basis for their legal anchorage in which parameters of the independence and accountibility play an immense role. The quality setting of the institutional structure is one, however not sufficient, presumption for the effective supervision's performance. It should not be an objective but only a stepping stone to achieve a better effeciency. The decision which model will be applied for the regulation and supervision is left upon national jurisdictions as it is actually them to take into account all the benefits and expenses including the economic size, structure and level of the market development, legal environment and the central bank's role. Within the last 20 years a fully integrated supervision was generally accepted in the frame of single institution for all financial market's sectors, mostly outside the central bank. Nevertheless, the contemporary regulation is scrutinized in the light of global financial crisis originated in the year 2008. On the base of actual findings it can be expressed that the current mechanism of regulation is not efficient and does not correspond with the degree of global interconnection among financial markets and the offer of inovative financial products. Although the European Union prepared amendments which came into effect from January 1st 2011, by which new bodies were established, the time for a detailed analysis of the potentional contributions has not come yet. However, I suppose the framework for regulation will again be reevaluated in the future. In my opinion no solution brings a complete eliminaton of risks concerning vulnerabilities and systematic shocks on the financial markets. The main analytic part of my thesis is focused on the current supervisory system in the Czech republic and Slovakia, which is based on fully integrated architecture within the central bank. Having used the methods of enquiry and intentional selection I verified the validity of two hypotheses: 1. National supervisory institutions grow in favour of market participants unlike the new set european bodies. 2. The current institutional form of the financial market supervision has a support of market participants in the Czech republic and Slovakia. The results imply that the first hypothesis is valid for the Czech republic only where generally exists a bigger discretion in relation to the new european regulation and supervision bodies. In the case of the second hypothesis it can be said that it was confirmed in terms of the institutional form of the financial market supervision has a major support of financial institutions and experts in both the Czech republic and Slovakia.
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Analysis of the Causes of Differences in Performance Work Groups in a selected Organization
Wratislavová, Anežka ; Hiršová, Miloslava (advisor) ; Syrovátka, Oldřich (referee)
The aim of my thesis was to analyse the possible causes of differences in the performance of work groups in the selected organization. The theoretical part deals with the analysis of individual concepts (power, working group, factors affecting job performance...), which I needed for subsequent processing practical. In the practical part I have determined the organization for which I made necessary data collection and analysis. Data I have collected through questionnaires and interviews with chief in a selected organization. My research samples were 10 workers operating in two working groups, and 3 leaders. Each working group has its leader and these correspond to the main chief ("fořt"). The selected working groups working in the field of forestry. During field research I gained the information needed to answer each of the objectives and research questions that are part of them. In an interview with the chief executive, I obtained information about the performance of work groups in the performance of trimming cutters in July and tree planting in May 2013. Work group I. had both increased performance as working group II. Therefore, follow-up question was what causes the cause differences in performance of these working groups. Specific factors causing differences in performance, which I set in the theoretical part, are: working conditions, different tasks, professional competence, length of experience, attitude to work, job satisfaction, self-efficacy, leadership style, relationships in the working group, providing feedback and rewarding. The answer to the question of the causes of differences in the performance of work groups gave me a questionnaire completed by workers of both working groups. The causes that actually occur in practice, I have found through questionnaires. I found that working group II. has a higher degree of dissatisfaction of workers. These workers are not satisfied with your supervisor and some were found negative attitude to work. Working groups have comparable working conditions and tasks, but in my opinion, would improve the atmosphere in II. working group and the removal of some sources of dissatisfaction could lead to improved performance. Recommendations for the selected organization sounded to chief and management focused on the head of the working group II. and his leadership style. After reading my thesis, I think I responded to the objectives and research questions. I met so the main objective of thesis and to identify possible reasons for the differences in the performance of work groups.
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International arbitration and the Brussels' jurisdictional regime
Macháčová, Paulína ; Pauknerová, Monika (advisor) ; Brodec, Jan (referee)
in English The purpose of this master's thesis is to analyse the interfaces between international arbitration and litigation within the Brussels' jurisdictional regime. Arbitration has always been excluded from the scope of the Brussels' regime. However, the exact scope of this exclusion was always unclear and subject to long lasting debates and disputes. The consequences of determining whether a certain issue falls within the exclusion or not are far reaching and may seriously jeopardise the enforceability of an arbitration agreement and the effectiveness of arbitration in general. The main problem connected with the uncertainty regarding the actual scope of the arbitration exclusion, is the risk of parallel proceedings and conflicting judgements. Firstly, this thesis provides a general characteristic of alternative dispute resolution with focus on international arbitration and sources of its regulation. The overview of the history of the arbitration exclusion follows in order to create a foundation for the following analysis of the exclusion itself. The core part of the thesis aims to determine the scope of the arbitration exclusion, mainly through the analysis of the CJEU's case law and relevant literature. Special attention is paid to the judgements on validity of an arbitration agreement and...
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Velocity of money and its relevance for monetary policy
Boháčik, Ján ; Koderová, Jitka (advisor) ; Metrah, Samy (referee)
The thesis discusses some issues on the topic of money velocity. Its goal is to summarise theroretical contributions in this area, which are followed by a practical application through the monetary analysis of the Slovak Republic from 1993 to 2000. The theoretical part involves the first approaches to money velocity, explanation of the quantity theory of money and monetarism and their critique. It also describes the monerary transmission mechanism. The practical application part evaluates the impact of the stability of money velocity on the decision of the National Bank of Slovakia to abandon monetary targeting. It also focuses on the other variables that influenced monetary policy execution. The last chapter is devoted to the importance of money velocity if the central bank uses inflation targeting as its policy.
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The role of activity of facility manager in company OKIN GROUP, a.s.
Slívová, Tereza ; Vyskočil, Vlastimil (advisor) ; Šikýř, Martin (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on one of the newest branch of contemporary management -- facility management. The practical part is situated to the environment of the company OKIN GROUP, a.s., which is nowadays the biggest and the most known company operating in this industry on czech market. In the framework of this environment, thesis provides specifications of the position of facility manager and appoints the role of this employee in the process of business management. The aim of the thesis is to describe the contain of work and duties of this executive and to mention facts, which differ him from the figure of common manager. The particular aim is to define the mission of facility manager and to describe all fields of his interest. Thesis is also dedicated to the presentation of requirements on this profession in several companies dealing in facility management and their comparison.
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Diplomatic protection
Čermák, Marek ; Balaš, Vladimír (advisor) ; Ondřej, Jan (referee)
Final thesis Topic: Diplomatic protection Thesis supervisor: JUDr. Vladimír Balaš, CSc. Student: Marek Čermák Thesis on the topic of diplomatic protection deals with the granting of exercise of diplomatic protection by the states and is divided into seven chapters which follow each other. The first chapter describes the diplomatic protection and its historical foundations. The second chapter focuses on the possibility of exercise of diplomatic protection in respect of natural persons and the conditions that need to be fulfilled for the posibility of exercise of such protection. The third chapter focuses on the exercise of diplomatic protection in respect of legal persons and the conditions that must be fulfilled for the posibility of exercise of such protection. The fourth chapter describes the internationally accepted rule of exhaustion of local remedies, as well as exceptions to this rule. The fifth chapter describes the procedures of states where is no exercise of diplomatic protection, but enforcement of protection granted on other grounds. The sixth chapter deals with the procedures of states which are different from the rules of international law. And the seventh chapter describes the procedure of states in situation of granting diplomatic protection.
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Loafing and punishment: psychological study of laziness
Polák, Jakub ; Horáková Hoskovcová, Simona (advisor) ; Slaměník, Ivan (referee)
Contrary to our intuitive expectations about a positive group influence on human performance behaviour, there is a vast body of literature proving the opposite. All the research is based on findings of Max Ringelmann who more than 120 years ago proved in the oldest social psychological experiment ever known that people cooperating on a common task tend to exert less effort than what would be their potential. This performance decrement is caused by coordination losses which relate to the very principles of a team work as well as motivation losses. Because of the tendency of people to limit their effort in collective settings the newly discovered phenomenon has been called social loafing. A group influence on individual's performance became also a main subject of this diploma thesis. Compared to a majority of research dealing with the same topic the present one employs a completely new type of interactive task which involves an intensive cooperation of all group members. We have used in our experiment an original simulation where players are in a role of top management in one movie production company and their goal is to make a strategic decision based on the information distributed among all the team members that will bring them the biggest profit. Consequently we have directly analysed behaviour of...
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