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The comparison of digital terrain model sources in GIS for hydrological purposes
Klempíř, Hynek ; Bašta, Petr (advisor) ; Gdulová, Kateřina (referee)
This thesis deals with comparsion of digital terrain models from different
sources processed in GIS for hydrological purposes. The diploma thesis is
composed from several parts. First part sis consist of characteristics related to
watershed and water flow, which are important for the understanding this work. The
thesis also describes digitial terrain model, his creation and methods for obtainig
digitial models. Then, there are described data sources from which is possible to
gain digitial models. Next chapter is dedicated to the coordinate system. The last
parts of this thesis describes drain alghorithms.
Characteristic of this area was collected on experimental watershed Modrava II
with the ESRI ArcGIS Desktop software that would mainly Spatial Analyst and
ArcHydro extensions.
The results of this diploma thesis can be concluded that the free digital terrain
model SRTM 90 is not suitable for small regions with diverse terrain structure. Thereason is a small resolution model. Other terrain models provided free of chargé are
sufficient even for small areas as the selected area of interest. Paid digitial models
can al lbe established for the area of interest as appropriate.
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Assessment of changes in slope topography and soil depth redistribution in relation to different soil tillage technologies
Ureš, Jan ; Kumhálová, Jitka (advisor) ; Novák, Petr (referee)
Water, wind, or tillage-induced soil erosion can significantly degrade soil quality and decrease crop yield from farm fields. Traditionally, the research in soil erosion is mostly focused on water or wind erosion. Recent studies over last two decades, however, point to the importance of tillage operations as a source of soil translocation on hilly agricultural land. Tillage disturbs the soil not only vertically but also horizontally by throwing soil in the tillage direction.
This study was designed to assess the soil translocation effect in topsoil before and after 5 tillage operations by using three different practices, namely mouldboard ploughing (A), chisel plough (B), and disc harrow (C) in the Chernozems region at the Sardice (South Moravia, the Czech Republic).
The influence of different tillage practices on the changes in depth of topsoil was assessed through description of 37 shallow pits - 10 pits was digged out before the tillage operations and then other 27 pits after five tillage operations. The results of the soil survey are based on the evaluation of the stratigraphy of the soil profile where the potential loss of topsoil was determined by a change in transition between the dark Ac horizon and yellow loess Ck horizon and by the type of the transition. Shift of topsoil after five performed operations is in the range of 9-15 cm at the top position of concave-convex slope and 4-14 cm at the top of concave slope. From the results of the experiment are also apparent significant shifts across to each tillage practice (C to A), which are, however, more or less caused by the shape of the slope.
By creating and comparing the DEM for the conducted experiment I managed to learn that the largest transport of soil particles was caused by mouldboard plough. Transport of soil particles was larger in the vertical direction than in the horizontal and moved in the range
of -5 to +13 cm. When undermining by a chisel plough was a significant horizontal shift of soil particles to the sides in the range of -5 to +5 cm. The method of shallow tillage with a disc harrow showed a change of the relief in the horizontal direction also in the range of -5 to +5 cm.
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Topographical data sources and derived topographic attributes for describing the variability of agricultural plot
Ladmanová, Markéta ; Kumhálová, Jitka (advisor) ; Komárek, Jan (referee)
This diploma thesis is focused on examination of effect topography on yield on the field. Theoretical research is given in literary overview and it is focused on sources of elevation data in conditions of the Czech Republic. Further there is given description of topographic attributes, which have influence on crop on the agricultural field.
Practical part of this thesis processed data about agricultural field in Vendolí near Svitavy in East Bohemia. One of aims of this thesis was to compare two sets of elevation data. First set of elevation data was provided by Czech office for surveying, mapping and cadastre, data came from airborne laser scanning. Second set of elevation data was measured by DGPS receiver placed on combine harvester during the harvest. Topographic attributes were derived from these two sets of elevation data with help of tools in software ArcGIS 10.2. In the further process topographic attributes were compared with yield of winter wheat from 2014 to assess relationship between topography and yield. In given data there was found dependence of yield on digital elevation model (higher amount of yield was found in higher elevations). Significant relationship between yield and other topographic attributes has not been proved.
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Habitat preferences of red deer and sika deer in the Doupov Mts.
Löwe, Radim ; Ježek, Miloš (advisor) ; Husinec, Václav (referee)
This master thesis is focused on GPS telemetry of red deer (Cervus elaphus) and sika deer (Cervus nippon) in the Doupov Mts., the Czech republic. Positional data from 14 red deer does and 2 sika deer does was collected during the study period of April 2013 to February 2016. The main aim was to determine habitat preferences of does with the use of the very precise vertical differentiation of vegetation created by air laser scanning of the surface (LiDAR technology). The study examines the dependence of the average maximum height of vegetation nearby positions of does on the time of year and time of day. For the evaluation was used two-way factorial analysis of variance. The highest average height of the vegetation nearby does was found during the day and the lowest during the night. Does of red deer and sika deer occurred in open habitats particularly at night, where they were actively seeking for food and more closed habitats with higher vegetation during the day, where they could hide themselves. Focusing on a period of the year, the height of vegetation in the summer period without hunting was significantly lower than in the summer period with hunting. This could be caused by starting hunting season but also it might be a response to reduced quality of available grass by aging. The two does of sika deer were treated individually. Significant differences were revealed between both does. However they both were occupying habitats with the lowest height of vegetation at night during the rut season.
The gained results can now be used to supplement information about ethology of red deer and sika deer. The comprehensive knowledge of ethology can be directly used in the management of these two species, particularly for hunting efficiency and subsequent reduction of their population numbers, particularly in the case of sika deer. However these results can be directly used in forest management in active protection of forest stands against damage by wild game.
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Traffic Signs Detection and Localisation
Kudláč, Ondrej ; Španěl, Michal (referee) ; Veľas, Martin (advisor)
This thesis aims to design the traffic signs detection and localization system using RGB image and 3D LiDAR data leveraging the the existing solutions. Traffic sign detection is based on the shape analysis. Then, the LIDAR data are used for the localization of previously detected signs. The created solution consists of two main components: the detector and locator, each able to operate independently.
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Robot Localization Using OpenStreet Map
Rajnoch, Zdeněk ; Veľas, Martin (referee) ; Rozman, Jaroslav (advisor)
Goal of this thesis is localization of mobile robot in OpenStreet map segment. Robot IMU, odometry and compass sensors are used for trajectory reconstruction, which is compared to reference GPS trajectory. Extended Monte Carlo localization and clusterization are used for robot localization. Software is implemented in C++ with ROS middleware.
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Robocar - The Autonomous Driving
Hnát, Miroslav ; Richter, Miloslav (referee) ; Petyovský, Petr (advisor)
In my Bachelor thesis I deal with automated car driving requirements. First I make the real plan and select the correct software tool for simulation and realization this issues. Second I solve model for autonomous car driving simulation, breaking and rotation wheels. There is open area with several obstacles in simulation conditions. I define possibly errors and I recommend its solution. Next very important part of my thesis are identify the parameters of real vehicle and verification the correctness of model by simulation test. I review variances from model. The object of this has to check reactions of the real system. Whole solution will be implemented into individual components. The individual components will be then compared with simulation results. In conclusion I will appreciate achieved results and recommend my solutions.
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Collision Avoidance System for Mobile Robot
Dzuro, Daniel ; Hájek, Josef (referee) ; Herman, David (advisor)
This bachelor's thesis deals with the anti-collision system for mobile robot which is often liable to the collisions with other objects. Expensive parts of the robot could be saved thanks to the system. The main issue of the thesis was to design the system of premature reaction and it's application to the existing system which would help prevent the collision on time. Not only the breaking system was used to stop or slow down the vehicle but also the cooperation with the prediction of the vehicle's direction control was needed. Laser rangefinder and ultrasonic sonar were mainly used for this purpose.
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Local Navigation of an Autonomous Mobile Robot
Herman, David ; Rozman, Jaroslav (referee) ; Orság, Filip (advisor)
This paper deals with the topic of design of a navigation system for an autonomous mobile robot in a park-like environment. Precisely, designing methods for road detection using available sensoric system, designing a mathematical model for fusion of these data, and suggesting a representation of an environment suitable for planning and local navigation.
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