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Relationships between developmental levels of elementary
TOPINKOVÁ, Lenka
The present master?s thesis focuses on researching the influence TV commercials have on pupils of all age groups in elementary and middle schools and concerns itself with the pupils? TV watching habits. In the area of media it explores the question of media awareness education, in the area of developmental psychology it focuses on the cognitive development theory of Jean Piaget. Besides its theoretical part the thesis includes original qualitative and quantitative research. The applied part describes the results from focus groups (first and second grade pupils) and from a questionnaire study (from fourth grade in elementary school to the last grade in middle school) that was conducted in one of the public schools in České Budějovice. The questionnaire study included also group of the pupils? parents. The results of the qualitative research were evaluated in terms of gender, grade, and domicile of the respondents. The responses of the adult respondents were evaluated in terms of gender and age of their children, their educational level and their net monthly income. The results are discussed in wider context. The discussion attempts to offer an overview of advertising comprehension development among pupils of elementary and middle schools. The results indicate that the pupils are influenced by TV commercials and that their understanding of the commercials? purpose increases with their age. An important influence on the pupils and on their TV watching habits ? watching that includes exposure to TV commercials ? have especially their parents and to a lesser degree their teachers.
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Psychology of human communication
CHMELOVÁ, Romana
The main object of this thesis is to consider the importance of communication and operation of work teams. In the first part of my thesis I have concentrated on the theme of communication in general, on the problem of communication in organization and upon the role of management in finding the solutions to these communication problems. The next part of this thesis is focused upon the theme of work teams, specifically the problem with their formation, the importance of team roles and also about the barriers which are encounter by the operation of these teams. The practical part of my thesis is deals with the company ESSOX s.r.o.. The object of interviews, that have occured there, was to do some subjective evaluation of the level of communication within this company and consider if this company works really in teams. The resulting outcome of this investigation is that this company has some major communication problems. These deficiencies don{\crq}t have any specific relevant character. In other words, it means that this company turns to the matter of team work. My recommendations have been given at the end of this thesis. That mission is to give instructions as to how to make the team work more effectively.
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Negotiation: horizons and barriers of psychological analysis (research of relation in interpersonal area)
Půda, Ivo ; Wagnerová, Irena (referee) ; Riegel, Karel (advisor)
Negotiation can be defined as the joint decision making between interdependent individuals with divergent interests. Whenever two or more people gather to exchange information with the intent of changing their relationship in some way, we can say, they are negotiating. Failure to negotiate constructively can have tremendous consequences for a variety of social and economic outcomes. The opening part ofthesis traces conflict theory, short history ofthe psychological study of negotiation and definitions of negotiation short overview. The further part reviews emerging research areas, each of which provides useful insight in to how negotiators subjectively understand the negotiation: mental models in negotiation; how concems of ethics, faimess and values define the rul es of the game being played; how the selection of a communication medium impacts the way the game is played; how negotiators organize and simplify their understandings; rehirth of social factors in the psychological study, including social relationships, egocentrism, motivated illusions and emotion. How culture affects negotiation processes and outcomes and how psychology can contribute to diplomacy is closing theoretical part. Critical in the development and outcomes of negotiations is the social value orientation - the preference for certain...
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Posttraumatic growth in parents of oncologically ill children
Slezáčková, Alena ; Blatný, Marek ; Kepák, T. ; Vlčková, I. ; Jelínek, Martin ; Pilát, M. ; Navrátilová, P. ; Kárová, Š. ; Štěrba, J.
The study is a part of study QOLOP and analyses positive and negative psychological changes in parents of childhood cancer survivors. Its main goal was to identify main domains of a parents’ posttraumatic growth. The content analysis of parents´ subjective statements of percieved benefits lead to an identification of main domains of PTG (changed perception of self, changes relating to others and changed life-philosophy). Specific categories of positive psychology were distinguished and practical interventions were suggested.
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Psychological profiling of the offender during investigation of serious offences with emphasis on sexually motivated delicts
Doležalová, Barbora ; Boukalová, Hedvika (referee) ; Netík, Karel (advisor)
This diploma work overviews and clarifies findings which were made in the field of psychological profiling of the offender. Presented text is based on the interdisciplinary approach that connects and summarizes conclusions which were collated in the domain of specific forensic sciences and are closely associated with offender profiling. The principal inputs included in the theoretical part of the work are primarily gathered from American sources, but there are also mentioned significant European and domestic contributions to the profiling method. Besides general theoretical thesis, methodological principals and relevant historical connections it is particularly focused on profiling of those offenders who have committed serious sexual delicts, especially sexual murders and rapes. Throughout the work the accent is put on characteristic aspects of the crime scene, on specific methods of acting, on victimology and of course on wide spectrum of offender characteristics. The theory is illustrated by two criminal cases where the practical use of profiling process is clearly demonstrated. Some concrete suggestions of further research are also involved.
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Child´s creativity
HYBRANTOVÁ, Jana
Drawing, painting and modelling belong to typical ways of childern´s expressions. Emocional, intellectual, corporeal, perceptional, aesthetic, social and creative growth can be easily analysed by children´s art. The Subject of my exploration in this work is the creativity. At first I mention psychology of creativity issues and interpretation of basic definitions in this sience branch. Then follow characteristics of individual stages of children´s art creativity and characteristics of evolutional stages of creative activities in childhood. In the end there are various art techniques for development of child´s creativity used in art-therapy with children, who attend art lessons in their leisure time. I describe the beginning and the course of art-therapeutic process as well as the children´s art expressions in specific open group.
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Gender Discrimination of Managers
RYCHTÁŘOVÁ, Olga
This bachelor work deals with women and men manager gender discrimination. The work is divided into two parts; theoretical and practical one. The theoretical part explains basic notions connected to gender regarding management. Comparison of opinions and stereotype preconcepts of people at senior positions is car-ried out in the practical part. The terrain data collection is based on the strategy of quan-titative research and semantic differential techniques are applied. The aim of this work is to establish what the gender stereotypes and prejudices regarding women and men managers leading or having the capacity to lead to discrimination on the basis of gender within working environment are like. The theoretical foundations together with practical processing of the work are the basis used for suggesting innovations in the psychology and sociology majors.
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Impact of fairytales and myths on psychological development of personality
PRAŽÁKOVÁ, Eva
This thesis deals with fairy tales and the significance assigned to them by psychologists, psychotherapists, and parents of primary school children. The theoretical section of this work defines the basic terms related to the presented topic, such as traditional and modern fairy tale, the importance and the functions of fairy tales, or the development of the way of thinking and ethics. Then, it introduces the most important approaches and theories concerned with fairy tales, their significance, and their practical application, such as psychoanalysis, analytical psychology, and narrative psychology. The practical section is a qualitative research comprising the following research questions: How do fairy tales influence the child ´s personality and behaviour according to parents and psychologists? What role do fairy tales play in the parents' and psychologists' lives? Are there any differences between traditional and modern fairy tales? How do psychologists work with fairy tales during their therapy sessions? What position does a traditional fairy tale have in a contemporary family? Twelve respondents, six psychologists and six parents of primary school children, were interviewed in the research. The data were collected by semi-structured interview and further processed by initial coding. The aim of the thesis is to find out what importance is assigned to fairy tales by the respondents and how fairy tales have influenced the respondents' lives and the lives of their children and clients. The respondents attached great importance to fairy tales in the field of emotions, moral development of children's personality, and formation of their system of values. Then, they put emphasis on formation of the relationship between the story-teller and the listener, and also on joy and escape from sometimes difficult reality. At the same time, however, it was found out that in some families, traditional fairy tales are replaced by modern stories and television production.
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Psychological care design concept for cardiocenter
Voldřichová, Ilona ; Kořán, Martin (referee) ; Kebza, Vladimír (referee)
in English My thesis is focused on integration of diagnostic and terapeutic methods of clinical psychology into the concept of contemporary cardiology. Modern medicine consider not only somatic aspects of patient's ilness, but also the aspects of personalitie's diferencies and needs. Psychologist applies the knowledge of psychological theories and psychophysiological mechanisms into the field of clinical diagnostic and treatment thinking about the individual patient. (A) Psychologic treatment of in-patients involves: (1) Crisis intervention (KI), i.e. treatment of the patients with urgent psychological difficulties. Cisis intervention presents the most indicated type of intervention in in-patiet's psychological treatment. (2) Pre-operative psychological care before recent cardiothoracic surgical intervention reduces patient's distress in pre-operational and post-operational period. (3) Individual approach to problematic personalities can significantly improve cooperation with medical staff. (B) Specific psychological problems of cardiac out-patients involves: (1) Depressive disorder developes after the frustating exposure of medical problems. (2) Cardiologists are the most visited professionals by the patients suffering from panic anxiety disorder. The reason is, that the panic anxiety symptoms...
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