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Evaluation of selected biomarkers for early detection of intraamnial inflammation in women with preterm premature rupture of fetal membranes (PPROM)
Bukáčková, Nella ; Jílek, Petr (advisor) ; Souček, Ondřej (referee)
Nella Bukáčková Evaluation of selected biomarkers for early detection of intraamnial inflammation in women with preterm premature rupture of fetal membranes (PPROM) Diploma thesis Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Specialist in Laboratory Methods Background: The aim of this work is to evaluate selected parameters of innate immunity and inflammation in connection with their clinical use in early prediction of premature labor complicated with premature rupture of fetal membranes (PPROM). Potential biomarkers include the following components of the complement system: C3 component, activated C3 component (C3a), C5 component and activated C5 component (C5a). The regulatory protein of the complement system, the protectin (CD59) was also added to the list. Methods: The study was conducted with a group of 136 patients selected according to specific criteria such as a single pregnancy or PPROM. Using immunochemical methods, the concentration of interleukin 6 in amniotic fluid was determined and bacterial nucleic acid was detected by microbial colonization of the amniotic cavity by a polymerase chain reaction. Enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) was chosen for the analysis of selected components of the complement. Results: There was a statistical difference in C3, C3a, and CD59 concentrations...
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The role of ARPC2 in plant cells
Šlajcherová, Kateřina ; Schwarzerová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Klíma, Petr (referee)
ARPC2 protein localization in a plant cell Kateřina Šlajcherová 1 Abstract Actin cytoskeleton is an ubiquitous structure which plays numerous irreplacable roles. Actin nucleation is, beside formins, performed by ARP2/3 complex (actin-related protein), comprising of seven subunits (ARP2, 3, C1-C5) and activated by protein SCAR/WAVE complex. ARP2/3 complex is attached to the membrane and branches existing microfilaments, apart from nucleating them de novo. ARP2/3 mutants in most organisms show severe defects. However, plant mutants exhibit only mild phenotype, for example, Arabidopsis thaliana ARPC2 mutant (dis2-1) has deformed trichomes and leaf epidermal cells, but its viability is not impaired. The aim of the thesis is to map ARPC2 localization within the cell and broaden our understanding of ARP2/3 complex role in plant cell morphogenesis. Tobacco ARPC2 (NtArpC2) subunit was visualized in Arabidopsis plants, using the GFP fusion protein as well as imunofluorescence and anti-ARPC2 antibody. Experiments were undertaken to collocalize the subunit with actin and microtubular cytoskeleton, with mitochondrions, endosomes and other membrane organelles. The specimens were observed in confocal and TIRF microscope. The GFP-NtARPC2 protein shows as motile dots; their movement, but not their existence, is dependent...
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Case Study of a patient after an operation of C5/C6 disc disorder with myelopathy
Ouzký, Zdeněk ; Hnátová, Iva (advisor) ; Hlavičková, Růžena (referee)
Summary: The work is divided into general and special part. General part: This part deals with the issue of cervical disc disorder with myelopathy and its treatment with rehabilitation included. General part is divided into individual chapters and subchapters which contain the definition and the description of its issue, its etiology, occurrence and pathogenesis of the illness. It explains basic anatomical terms, clinical views and pharmacological methods. Special part: It is written up in the form of the case report of particular patient with his (above-mentioned) diagnosis. Then, anamnesis, complex entry and final kinesiology examination and the description of therapeutic plan are described in detail.
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Synthesis of Specifically Substituted Heterocycles via Catalytic Reactions
Kratochvíl, Jiří ; Pour, Milan (advisor) ; Kotora, Martin (referee) ; Dvořák, Dalimil (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry Candidate Mgr. Jiří Kratochvíl Supervisor prof. RNDr. Milan Pour, Ph.D. Title of Doctoral Thesis Synthesis of Specifically Substituted Heterocycles via Catalytic Reactions This Ph.D. thesis deals with the synthesis of γ-alkylidene-α,β-unsaturated δ-lactones and lactams. Migita- Stille cross-coupling served as the key step in their preparation. Catalysis with palladium black was applied to the synthesis of the lactones and we demonstrated that it doesn't act as heterogeneous catalyst. Instead, it's only a precursor for catalytically active species, which is generated in situ and its true nature is unknown. The palladium nanoparticles are most likely responsible for the catalysis, although involvement of complexed atomic palladium cannot be excluded. Palladium black catalysis was also successfully applied to the synthesis of a series of structurally different substrates, which demonstrates its versatility and it was also proved that the catalyst can be easily recycled by simple filtration. An unusual Tsuji-Trost reaction then enabled transfer of the alkylidene substituent of the lactones to C5 furnishing polysubstituted heterocycles.
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Case report of a patient after diskectomy C5/6
Průchová, Kateřina ; Pavlů, Dagmar (advisor) ; Maroušková, Anna (referee)
Author: Kateřina Průchová Title: Case report of a patient after diskectomy C5/6 Objectives: In this bachelor's thesis is briefly introduced the issue of degenerative diseases of the cervical spine with a focus on physiotherapy procedures after surgery. It also includes the case of a patient after C5/6. Methods: Thesis is divided into a general and a special part. The general part is processed as a literature search about degenerative diseases of the cervical spine. The special part is processed as a case report, which was created while working with the patient after diskectomy C5/6 during the professional practise in the Rehabilitation clinic Malvazinky. Case report includes input kinesiology analysis, short-term and long-term treatment plan, draft therapy, therapeutic treatment of each unit, output kinesiology analysis and evaluation of the effect of therapy. . Keywords: physical therapy, case report, degenerative diseases of cervical spine, diskectomy
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Synthesis, reactivity and biological activity of C5 substituted uracil analogues
Brulíková, Lucie ; Holý, Antonín (advisor) ; Rosenberg, Ivan (referee) ; Moravcová, Jitka (referee)
Bibliographical identification: Author's first name and surname: RNDr. Lucie Brulíková (nee Spáčilová) Title: Synthesis, reactivity and biological activity of C-5 substituted uracil analogues Type of thesis: Ph.D. thesis Department: Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc Advisor: prof. RNDr. Antonín Holý, Dr.Sc., Dr.hc. mult. Advisor-consultant: doc. RNDr. Jan Hlaváč, Ph.D. The year of presentation: 2011 Abstract: The presented thesis is focused on the synthesis of various C-5 modified uracil analogues, the study of their reactivity and biological activity, especially cytotoxic activity. In the first part, the brief survey of described results for selected 5-alkoxymethyluracil analogues is performed. The second part of the presented thesis deals with the synthesis of novel uracil analogues modified at the C-5 position, the development and optimizing of procedure leading to the desired compounds, the study of biological activity and the evaluation of structure- activity relationship (SAR). This part presents the synthesis of a series of 5-[alkoxy(4- nitrophenyl)methyl)]uracil and 5-alkoxymethyluracil analogues and extended SAR studies depending on a substitution of metylene bridge directly attached at the C-5 position as well as alkoxy chain length. The last part of...
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Development of separation methods for determination of perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids in envirnonmental samples
Dufková, Veronika ; Čabala, Radomír (advisor) ; Feltl, Ladislav (referee) ; Kubinec, Róbert (referee)
A complete, sensitive and selective procedure was developed for gas chromatographic determination of perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs, C5 - C12) in river water samples. A rapid and simple derivatization procedure was developed and optimized at first, using isobutyl chloroformate (IBCF) to convert the acids into the more volatile isobutyl esters. The second task was to find the most suitable stationary phase for separation of perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids by GC. The retention characteristics of PFCA isobutyl esters were measured and compared on 9 different stationary phases. The physical-chemical parameters of analyte interactions with stationary phase were monitored on selected column Rtx-200MS, and these parameters were compared with a non-fluorinated homologue - octanoic acid. A sensitive GC-MS system was used with negative chemical ionization, which is suitable for the selected type of fluorinated analytes. The developed method exhibits very low limits of detection and determination of PFCA isobutyl esters: 0.05 - 9.7 ng mL-1 (LOD) and 0.16 - 32.2 ng mL-1 (LOQ). An optimum pre-concentration technique was found for real water samples, where SPE SupelTM-Select HLB cartridges were used. In these cartridges, PFCAs were captured as ion- pairs with enrichment factor of 400. The recoveries of...
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Derivatives of 5-alkylpyrazine-2-carboxylic acid as potential anti-infectives
Halířová, Martina ; Zitko, Jan (advisor) ; Kučerová, Marta (referee)
DERIVATIVES OF 5-ALKYLPYRAZINE-2-CARBOXYLIC ACID AS POTENTIAL ANTI-INFECTIVES HALÍŘOVÁ MARTINA Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Czech Republic In our previous study, we have demonstrated that 5-alkylamino-N- phenylpyrazine-2-carboxamides with longer alkyl chain (C5-C8) exerted micromolar growth inhibition activity against M. tuberculosis H37Rv. We speculated that the long alkylamino chain could facilitate the penetration of lipophilic mycobacterial cell envelope. To test this hypothesis, we performed the amino to methylene isosteric exchange and designed a series of 5-alkyl-N-phenylpyrazine-2-carboxamides. 5- Alkylpyrazine-2-carboxylic acids (5-Ak-POA) were prepared by homolytic alkylation of commercially available pyrazine-2-carbonitrile by respective alkanoic acid, followed by hydrolysis of the carbonitrile group. Final derivatives were prepared by CDI mediated coupling of 5-Ak-POA with corresponding aniline at RT. Final compounds were described by melting point, elementary analysis, IR spectroscopy and 1 H, 13 C NMR. Then they were tested in vitro for antimycobacterial activity against M. tuberculosis H37Rv and several non-tuberculous mycobacterial strains. Several compounds exerted MIC of 3.13-6.25 µg mL-1 ....
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The influence of respiratory exercise in persons with spinal cord injury
Vetkasov, Artem ; Hošková, Blanka (advisor) ; Revenda, Miroslav (referee) ; Smolíková, Libuše (referee)
Title: Influence of breathing exercises in people after spinal cord injury Objective: The objective of this research was to determine the effects of breathing in people after spinal cord injuries, create breathing exercises and analyze their effectiveness. Methods: The research study was divided into two pilot studies (PS). Each study took six months. In this study were investigated the following parameters: 1) X-ray of the lungs while sitting during inspiration and during exhalation (only the second PS); 2) chest excursion; 3) determination of forced vital capacity (FVC) and one-second vital capacity (FEV1); 4) measurement of respiratory rate; 5) questionnaire survey (only the first PS), a form of personal interviews. First pilot study: Within mapping and research investigation were followed 15 people with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI); High tetraplegia (C4 and C5) - 1 person, low tetraplegia (C6-C8) - 7 persons, high paraplegia (Th1-Th6) 3 persons, low paraplegia (Th7 and below) - 4 persons. Sex distribution were six women and nine men, the age limit was from 19 to 50 years. Each person have been in average 6-8 years after the accident. The experiment was with a frequency of five times per week, ranging from 20 to 30 minutes. Individuals were gradually introduced to a complex of breathing...
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Influence of cervical spinal cord lesion on cardiovascular fitness
Machač, Stanislav ; Kolář, Pavel (advisor) ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (referee) ; Nováková, Marie (referee)
Traumatic damage to the cervical spinal cord has a dramatic impact on determinants affecting cardiovascular fitness. In tetraplegia, in addition to diminished skeletal muscle function, impaired sympathetic cardiovascular innervation together with a dysfunction of catecholamine release is typically present. Individuals with tetraplegia are at a high risk of long-term inactivity, which increasingly contributes to the development of common civilization diseases. The aim of the current dissertation project is to investigate the cardiovascular fitness in males with cervical spinal cord injury (n=20) as compared to able- bodied males (n=27). Both groups completed exercise testing on an arm-crank ergometer. Arterial blood pressure response to exercise, peak oxygen consumption and peak heart rate were the primary outcome variables. In the first part of the study, a graded maximal arm- crank ergometer test to the subjective exhaustion was performed for the inter-group peak exercise comparison. The peak power dramatically differs between the groups and could be an important confounding factor limiting the evaluation of a physiologic response related to the equivalent physical loading. Therefore, in the second part of the study, individuals of the control group completed a second graded arm-crank ergometer...
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