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The Gabriel-Roiter measure in representation theory
Krasula, Dominik ; Šťovíček, Jan (advisor)
The Gabriel-Roiter measure is a module-theoretic invariant, defined in 1972 by P. Gabriel. It is an order-preserving function that refines a composition length of a module by also taking lengths of indecomposable submodules into account. We calculate all Gabriel-Roiter measures for finite-length representa- tions of an orientation of a Dynkin graph D4 and an orientation of a Euclidean graph ˜A3. In 2007, H. Krause proposed a combinatorial definition of the Gabriel-Roiter measure based on other length functions instead of composition length. We study these alternative Gabriel-Roiter measures on thin representations of quiv- ers whose underlying graph is a tree. 1
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The disability and the disability pension
Galetková, Markéta ; Lang, Roman (referee)
Disability and Invalidity Pension Abstract The theme of disability is a sensitive topic in society, as it represents an undesirable social event affecting an individual's work capacity and consequently having an adverse impact on their financial security. The invalidity pension serves as a benefit designed to compensate for this negative consequence to some extent. This work deals with the issue of disability, particularly the invalidity pension, organized into 9 chapters. The introductory chapter provides a brief historical overview of disability, followed by a discussion of the historical legal conditions for granting an invalidity pension in the Czech Republic. It then delves into international interventions through treaties and the membership of international organizations, of which the Czech Republic is a signatory. This chapter mentions international organizations, including the most significant international treaties addressing this issue, to which the Czech Republic is bound. Given that the Czech Republic is a member of the European Union, and its the legal regulations significantly influence the national legal framework of the Czech Republic, this aspect is incorporated into the work. The following chapter interprets the national legal regulations on disability and outlines the conditions for...
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The impact of communication on the attitude change towards euthanasia
Víšek, Vojtěch ; Vranka, Marek (advisor) ; Houdek, Petr (referee)
This thesis deals with the analysis of attitudes towards euthanasia and the factors that influence these attitudes. The theoretical part of the thesis focuses on the synthesis of literature concerning the determinants of attitudes towards euthanasia, defines concepts related to the topic and presents arguments in favour of and against euthanasia. It also discusses cognitive biases in the indication of attitudes and the influence of communication on the formation of these attitudes. In the practical part of this thesis, experimental research was conducted using an online questionnaire survey to examine the influence of various factors, such as type of disease, level of religiosity, and political orientation, on moral evaluation of the acceptability of euthanasia. The findings suggest a significant relationship between disease mortality, level of religiosity and political orientation and the acceptability of euthanasia. The manipulation of social norm and situational factors also had a significant effect on the attitude of the respondents. Within situational factors, euthanasia was least acceptable when a majority of physicians opposed it, whereas it was most acceptable when it was legalized in most other EU countries. Within the social norm manipulation, a significant relationship was found between...
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The influence of belinostat inhibition on the activity of selected reductases from AKR and SDR superfamilies.
Slámová, Adéla ; Wsól, Vladimír (advisor) ; Macháček, Miloslav (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Bc. Adéla Slámová Supervisor: prof. Ing. Vladimír Wsól, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: The influence of belinostat inhibition on the activity of selected reductases from AKR and SDR superfamilies Anthracycline antibiotics (ANTs) are important antineoplastic agents. One of them, daunorubicin (DAUN), is used for the treatment of acute leukaemia and other malignancies in children and adults. Factors limiting its clinical use include mainly resistance and cardiotoxicity. Enzymes from aldo-keto reductase (AKR) and short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) superfamilies mediated the reduction of DAUN to its C-13 alcohol metabolite daunorubicinol (DAUNOL). The metabolite is more cardiotoxic, less antineoplastic, and is causing anthracycline resistance. This diploma thesis aimed to examine the inhibitory effect of belinostat on the activity of AKR1A1, 1B1, 1B10, 1C3, and CBR1. The specific enzyme activity and inhibitory potential were estimated in vitro using recombinant enzymes, and the enzymatic production of DAUNOL was evaluated by the liquid chromatography (UHPLC) system. The inhibition was decreased in order AKR1C3 AKR1B10 AKR1A1 AKR1B1 CBR1. The most inhibited enzyme, AKR1C3, expressed 50,7%...
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Hull-White model: forward-looking vs backward-looking approaches
Kárný, Jakub ; Flimmel, Daniela (advisor) ; Večeř, Jan (referee)
The subject of the thesis is the estimation of the parameters of the Hull-White model. The formula for the time-dependent parameter θ is derived. The constant parameters α and σ are first calibrated on the prices of the chosen interest rate derivatives in the forward-looking approach and secondly on the historical yield curves in the backward- looking approach. Calibrated Hull-White models are simulated and then the approaches used are compared in terms of available data. 1
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From the Battlefield to Psych Ward. War on Terror and Its Impact on Mental Health of U.S. Soldiers
Miková, Zuzana ; Kozák, Kryštof Přemysl (advisor) ; Smetana, Michal (referee)
This bachelor's thesis deals with the psychological problems of American veterans from the war on terror. This work aimed to find out what mental effects soldiers take away from the conflict and what main reasons led to their creation. The bachelor's thesis briefly describes the context of the war on terror and new methods of combat used in this conflict, as well as the psychological consequences veterans are facing upon returning home. It introduces programs offered by the American government and ministries to assist affected individuals. The result of the research concludes with serious psychological consequences found among veterans of the war on terror, particularly post-traumatic stress disorder. This represents the highest number to date among all conflicts led by the United States. The major issue is the "unrecognized" cost of the war, such as increased rates of alcoholism, violence, or family breakdown. These consequences also negatively impact the wider society. There are several reasons for developing mental health issues from the war on terror, but the main ones include the prolonged duration of the conflict, new methods of combat and technologies, society's gradual shift towards war rejection, and a negative attitude towards veterans. However, it is also important to note that...
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The Determinants of Non-Performing Loans in Banking Sectors in Central and East European Countries
Ning, Zixi ; Svoboda, Karel (advisor) ; Chondrogiannis, Ilias (referee) ; Szobi, Pavel (referee)
Tento článek zkoumá determinanty nesplácených úvěrů (NPL) napříč 52 komerčními bankami v 11 zemích střední a východní Evropy (CEE), včetně Bulharska, Chorvatska, České republiky, Estonska, Maďarska, Lotyšska, Litvy, Polska, Rumunska, Slovenska, a Slovinsko, v období od roku 2007 do roku 2022. Studie využívá statické i dynamické panelové analýzy dat, využívající fixní efekty, náhodné efekty, jednokrokový systém zobecněné metody momentů (GMM) a dvoukrokové systémové modely GMM k vyhodnocení vliv makroekonomických faktorů a faktorů specifických pro banky na úvěry v selhání. Zjištění ukazují, že růst HDP, míra nezaměstnanosti, indexy cen akcií, návratnost aktiv a rezervy na ztráty z úvěrů významně ovlivňují ukazatele nesplácených úvěrů. Studie zdůvodňuje existující literaturu a zároveň přináší nové poznatky o řízení rizik spojených s nesplácenými úvěry. Poskytuje na důkazech podložená doporučení pro tvůrce politik a komerční banky, zaměřená na zmírnění potenciálních rizik a posílení finanční stability. Výzkum unikátním způsobem kombinuje různé ekonometrické modely a nabízí komplexní vyhodnocení jak makroekonomických dopadů, tak specifických bankovních determinant na ukazatele NPL. Tento široký přístup nejen potvrzuje významný vliv identifikovaných proměnných, ale také zdůrazňuje složité interakce mezi...
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Changes of mood state during walking in blue spaces
Horký, Matouš ; Baláš, Jiří (advisor) ; Turčová, Ivana (referee)
Objective: The aim of the work was to analyze how different types of natural environments affect the physical and mental health of individuals. Methods: 7 students of UK FTVS participated in the research. The participants visited the natural environment (blue area) in Prague's Troja and the laboratory in the UK FTVS building. While visiting these environments, they underwent: a 10-minute Stroop test to induce cognitive stress and 40 minutes of walking at a chosen pace. Current mental states and emotions were monitored using the standardized POMS (Profile of Mood State) questionnaire, which was filled in a total of four times during the visit. Results: From the average results of the POMS questionnaire (on a scale of 0-4, 0= not at all, 4= very much), it was obtained that the degree of anger in the laboratory environment was 0.68 and in the blue environment 0.39. Fatigue level 1.17 in lab and 1.19 in water. Depression values in the laboratory 0.67 and in water 0.54. Confusion was 0.88 in the lab versus 0.55 in the blue environment. Voltage in the lab 1.02 and in the blue environment 0.60. Vitality in the aquatic environment 1.51 and in the laboratory 1.29. The average values of individual POMS dimensions over time were (blue space) after the initial measurement: anger 0.40, fatigue 0.95, depression...
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Hausdorff and capacitary dimension
Dolák, Martin ; Hencl, Stanislav (advisor) ; Honzík, Petr (referee)
This bachelor thesis aims to prove the equality of the Hausdorff and ca- pacitary dimensions. Additionally, we establish the equivalence of Lebesgue and Hausdorff measures, which requires the Isodiametric inequality and Steiner Symmetrization. The proof of equality between Hausdorff and capacitary di- mensions relies crucially on Frostman's lemma, which we introduce alongside its proof. 1
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Mean Variance Optimization for Minimal Entropy Measure
Pustějovský, Zdeněk ; Večeř, Jan (advisor) ; Kříž, Pavel (referee)
It can be shown that linear transformations of logarithm are the only utility functions whose optimal portfolios do not depend on numeraire. This thesis focuses on maximiza- tion of expected logarithmic utility of a general portfolio. We show that, given our market opinion represented by a state price density, the optimal expected payoff is the Kullback- Leibler divergence of the market state price density and the numeraire state price density. In an incomplete market however, the market density may not be replicable and the best we can do is to find the portfolio with the smallest K-L divergence to the market density. This problem does not have a general analytical solution and may not be numerically feasible for large portfolios but can be approximated, in two different ways, by a mean variance problem that do have such solutions. We demonstrate this approach on simple portfolios of 2 assets and one or two maximal contracts, that are just shifted European options and finally we point out some option strategies that can be used to partially hedge the portfolio against certain market scenarios. 1
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