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The use of selected inhibitors to overcome anthracycline resistance in cancer therapy (in vitro study).
Tučková, Kateřina ; Wsól, Vladimír (advisor) ; Hofman, Jakub (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Bc. Kateřina Tučková Supervisor: prof. Ing. Vladimír Wsól, Ph.D. Consultant: Mgr. Lenka Laštovičková, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: The use of selected inhibitors to overcome anthracycline resistance in cancer therapy (in vitro study) Resistance to chemotherapy is a severe problem in treating cancer patients, significantly reducing their chances of recovery. The increased expression of carbonyl reductases in tumour cells is one of the leading causes of the resistance. These enzymes can reduce anthracycline-based chemotherapy drugs to their less effective derivatives and thus significantly reduce their efficiency. Therefore, the inhibitors of carbonyl reductases could increase the effectiveness of anthracycline-based chemotherapy. The goal is to find an inhibitor with high inhibitory activity and low side effects. This thesis tested inhibitors asciminib, tucatinib, sotorasib, and umbralisib hydrochloride against carbonyl reductases from the aldo-keto reductase superfamily (AKR1C3, 1A1, 1B1, 1B10) and short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases superfamily (CBR1), using chemotherapy drug daunorubicin. The most significant inhibitory potential was observed between asciminib and the enzyme AKR1C3,...
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Temporal changes in the genetic and morphological diversity of silica-scaled chrysomonads (Stramenopiles, Chrysophyceae)
Tučková, Kateřina ; Škaloud, Pavel (advisor) ; Nedbalová, Linda (referee)
Temporal dynamics on short time scales is a very interesting area of research. Usually, temporal studies are done on a scale of months or years. However, microorganisms have a much shorter generation time and therefore changes can take place on a much smaller time scales. At the same time, almost none of the temporal studies go to the species level and mostly stay at the class level. That species dynamics change within days we know from observation, but this has never been properly verified. The genera Mallomonas and Synura from the class Chrysophyceae were chosen to study short-term temporal changes These two genera are characterized by the formation of siliceous scales on the surface of their cells, by which they are well morphologically identifiable to the species level. However, since species identification by microscopy is an old but traditional method, a new molecular method for species identification at the locality, i.e. metabarcoding, was also used. These two methods have been shown similar results for describing the golden algae community. At the same time, it was confirmed that temporal dynamics occur at the species level, but also at the section level in the genus Synura. Subsequently, it was possible to relate the environmental factors that cause temporal changes in the community to...
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The use of selected inhibitors to overcome anthracycline resistance in cancer therapy (in vitro study).
Tučková, Kateřina ; Wsól, Vladimír (advisor) ; Hofman, Jakub (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Bc. Kateřina Tučková Supervisor: prof. Ing. Vladimír Wsól, Ph.D. Consultant: Mgr. Lenka Laštovičková, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: The use of selected inhibitors to overcome anthracycline resistance in cancer therapy (in vitro study) Resistance to chemotherapy is a severe problem in treating cancer patients, significantly reducing their chances of recovery. The increased expression of carbonyl reductases in tumour cells is one of the leading causes of the resistance. These enzymes can reduce anthracycline-based chemotherapy drugs to their less effective derivatives and thus significantly reduce their efficiency. Therefore, the inhibitors of carbonyl reductases could increase the effectiveness of anthracycline-based chemotherapy. The goal is to find an inhibitor with high inhibitory activity and low side effects. This thesis tested inhibitors asciminib, tucatinib, sotorasib, and umbralisib hydrochloride against carbonyl reductases from the aldo-keto reductase superfamily (AKR1C3, 1A1, 1B1, 1B10) and short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases superfamily (CBR1), using chemotherapy drug daunorubicin. The most significant inhibitory potential was observed between asciminib and the enzyme AKR1C3,...
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Nursing care of the patient with pulmonary embolism after the hormonal therapy
Tučková, Kateřina ; Hakenová, Renata (advisor) ; Hocková, Jana (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on nursing care of a patient with pulmonary embolism after a hormonal therapy. The theoretical part deals with the issue of pulmonary embolism from the point of view of etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, risk factors including hormonal therapy, where it the procoagulant effect of hormonal preparations and the increased risk of thromboembolic disease for young women is pointed out. The bachelor thesis was sourced from the National Medical Library through the PubMed database, Embase (Ovid), Medvik, CINHAL and the keyword search engine. For the practical part a qualitative research method in form of a case study was selected. The case for the study was a patient with pulmonary embolism after the hormonal preparation within the first cycle of assisted reproduction of the IVF. For the purpose of the case study the documentation, method of an interview, observation and cooperation with the care staff was used. Ethical aspects of research were respected during writing of this thesis. The objective of this bachelor thesis is to elaborate a case report including the creation of a nursing care plan for the patient in question and to increase the availability of information on possible risks of hormonal treatment to the general public. The contribution of this bachelor...
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The RADAR Group
Tučková, Kateřina ; Klimešová, Marie (advisor) ; Pomajzlová, Alena (referee) ; Lahoda, Vojtěch (referee)
THESIS ABSTRACT The thesis named The Radar Group deals with one of the creative groups that entered the Czech artistic scene after 1956, after the 20th Congress of the Soviet Communist Party (SCP) in February 1956, when the establishment of minor associations within the Union of Czechoslovak Artists was allowed. The Radar Group announced its foundation in 1960 and presented its first independent exhibition in 1961. It introduced eighteen members, of whom the most significant authors from the ranks of the defunct Group 42 (Skupina 42) - František Gross, František Hudeček a Ladislav Zívr - belonged to the established artists of previous generation. The majority of younger members born between 1923 and 1930 introduced their painting, sculptural and graphical works at the exhibition mostly for the first time. The members of the Radar Group may be regarded as the representatives of so- called "tame modern art" who took up to the pre-war modernism in the loosening period of the late 1950's. Their status within the contemporary scene was very high as they were coming out of the positions shielded by the Union - most were the Union members, some even functionaries in the Union senior management. This is the reason why the group did not become a part of the opposing Block of Art Groups (Blok tvůrčích skupin), though...
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The role of microbiome in celiac disease
Tučková, Kateřina ; Konečná, Klára (advisor) ; Jílek, Petr (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Subject of study: Healthcare bioanalytics Student: Kateřina Tučková Supervisor: RNDr. Klára Konečná, Ph.D. Title: The role of microbiome in celiac disease Background: Descriptions of the celiac disease problematics. Focus on the origin of the disease and its possible connection and role of the intestinal microbiome. Define the term microbiome and point out its possible role in human health. Finally, address the attention to possibilities in the treatment of celiac disease. Main findings: The role of the microbiome in celiac disease and other diseases is a frequently discussed topic. Patients with the celiac disease diagnosis depend on a lifelong gluten-free diet. The microbiome is highly specific to and is affected by many external stimuli, which can often be affected. Current studies point to a linkage between the microbiome and many diseases, including celiac disease. Conslusions: More knowledge is needed for the complex insight into the problematics of the relationship between celiac disease and the microbiome. In general, the microbiome composition has a much more significant impact on human lives than previously thought. Intestinal microbiome imbalance is related to celiac disease...
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A comparison of metabarcoding and morphology-based identification of protist communities
Tučková, Kateřina ; Škaloud, Pavel (advisor) ; Steinová, Jana (referee)
This thesis is focusing on metabarcoding; its history, principles and current use in science. Metabarcoding brings us a new way to observe a diversity of protists. Although the protists are ubiquitous on the Earth and play a key role in the majority of biological processes, our knowledge of their diversity is still very poor. Traditional microscopy techniques are mostly based on morphology-based identification of taxa. However, they are not so suitable for investigating protist diversity due to their small size, low concentration in the environment, and the convergent morphological evolution of many groups. Similarly, the metabarcoding has its pros and cons, as well. This thesis summarizes pros and cons of both techniques, trying to emphasize the need to both of them to gain a more complete insight into the diversity of protists on the Earth.
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Interpretation of Pre-election Polls in The Czech Printed Dailies
Tučková, Kateřina ; Nečas, Vlastimil (advisor) ; Vochocová, Lenka (referee)
The diploma thesis Interpretation of Pre-election Polls in The Czech Printed Dailies studyies the ways in which media portrays data from election polls as part of thier news service. The thesis draws from theories of media effects, the research of which indicates a possible influence of media content on the formation of public opinion or even voting behaviour. For this reason, it maz be expected that the media present data in line with certain standards. However, in the Czech Republic, there is no code of conduct that would formulate such requirements. This leads to an ongoing struggle between the research agencies who supply such data and the media who present it to the public, where each party judges the content's quality by different measures. Some of the often criticised errors include misinterpretation of data and an insufficient explanation of the research's background. This paper uses quantitative content analysis to examine 154 articles from Czech printed journals across the three pre-election periods (2010, 2013, 2017) with the aim of determining in which form the results of pre- election polls are presented, and if all necessary data are added. The final analysis looks at the data as a whole as well as examining the trendlines during the studied time period. In conclusion, it evaluates...
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Nursing care of the patient with pulmonary embolism after the hormonal therapy
Tučková, Kateřina ; Hakenová, Renata (advisor) ; Hocková, Jana (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on nursing care of a patient with pulmonary embolism after a hormonal therapy. The theoretical part deals with the issue of pulmonary embolism from the point of view of etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, risk factors including hormonal therapy, where it the procoagulant effect of hormonal preparations and the increased risk of thromboembolic disease for young women is pointed out. The bachelor thesis was sourced from the National Medical Library through the PubMed database, Embase (Ovid), Medvik, CINHAL and the keyword search engine. For the practical part a qualitative research method in form of a case study was selected. The case for the study was a patient with pulmonary embolism after the hormonal preparation within the first cycle of assisted reproduction of the IVF. For the purpose of the case study the documentation, method of an interview, observation and cooperation with the care staff was used. Ethical aspects of research were respected during writing of this thesis. The objective of this bachelor thesis is to elaborate a case report including the creation of a nursing care plan for the patient in question and to increase the availability of information on possible risks of hormonal treatment to the general public. The contribution of this bachelor...
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Trends in Intercultural Marketing: The Reception of Starbucks in France and Czechia
Tučková, Kateřina ; Klimeš, David (advisor) ; Zezulková, Markéta (referee)
During the process of marketing planning, global brands must decide to what extent they adapt to the culture of the location in which they are expanding. This paper investigates the means with which a global brand such as Starbucks deals with the various cultural, sociological, and anthropological factors in the 72 countries where it currently operates. The brand's communication is closely analysed along with the dimensions of the national cultures of two countries: France and the Czech Republic. This is also achieved by employing the sociological concept of Oldenburg's third place, through which the role of cafés in different cultures is examined in order to contextualise the primary research component. A combination of methods is applied including document analysis, interviews, and a partial observational field research to expose the ways in which Starbucks' customers use the café in different countries. Correlations between the national dimensions and the use of the third place provided by Starbucks illuminate, for example, the difference between the relatively feminine French who socialise inside the café and the relatively masculine Czechs who often come to seek neutral ground for work related activities. Conclusively, the final recommendation holds for incorporating sociological and...
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