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Women on the half way. Mid age experience of recent women
Hochmanová, Alexandra ; Bahbouh, Radvan (advisor) ; Štětovská, Iva (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with women mid-age life experience. The theoretical part covers general information on middle age life period in developmental and persona! psychology perspectives. Developmental and mid-age crisis in its specifics are also described. Gender specifics are discussed in women psychology development article as well as in the part about feminist approach to scientific research. Experimental section introduces qualitative research on sample of 25 respondents, aiming to answer the question: How women experience their mid-age life? What do they recognize its specifics? Narrative method was used to interpret gathered data and portrait of recent mid-age woman with her key life issues and identity traits was drawn as a result.
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The Posttraumatic Growth of the Professional Firefighters
Ďurčeková, Eva ; Kebza, Vladimír (advisor) ; Štětovská, Iva (referee)
This diploma thesis is focusing on the posttraumatic growth in professional fire fighters. The theoretical part deals with models of the posttraumatic growth and factors which affect this process. Another constituent of the work is a treatise about psychological aspects of the fire fighter job execution. One section of the work, the empirical section, is based on the Czech version of a questionnaire method called "Posttraumatic Growth Inventory ". It is a questionnaire that discovers the level of achieved posttraumatic growth in 5 areas; personal strength, new possibilities, relating to others, appreciation of life and spiritual change. The research sample that consisted of 100 professional firemen verified the relationship between the posttraumatic growth and other aspects of respondents' lives. The research showed following discovery. The marital status, the fact if the respondent has a family, the time which passed since experiencing a difficult incident, the subjectively perceived intensity of an event, the level of distress, psychological well-being, behaviour of type A, cognitive resilience of an individual, strategy of bearing the burden of "negative view", "the concentration on a problem" and "the mineralization of threats" is not connected with the grade of obtained posttraumatic growth....
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Possibilities and limits of online psychological counselling
Helebrantová, Petra ; Štětovská, Iva (advisor) ; Čáp, David (referee)
The diploma thesis tries to do a critical evaluation of potential benefits and risks and limits of Internet psychological counseling. The theoretical part of the thesis describes the the issue of online help from general definition of counselling, through various approaches to definitions of Internet counselling. This part also deals with the history of the online form of help, including the context of development abroad and any differences or specifics in the Czech Republic. Attention is also given to various forms of online psychological help with emphasis on application in our environment. Finally the text introduces potential opportunities and risks of this form of counselling. Empirical part of the diploma thesis focuses on issues of online psychological counseling by a combined research design. The research part of the thesis tries to map the possibilities and limits of web psychological counselling from the perspective of the client. The focus of qualitative research is the analysis of interviews with online counseling clients, supplemented with analysis of chat conversations and case studies. Qualitative results are enriched by quantitatively conceived research. Keywords: counselling, intervention, phone intervention, face to face counselling, online counselling, communication in the cyber...
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Social Psychological Aspects of Humor
Zemanovičová, Iva ; Slaměník, Ivan (advisor) ; Štětovská, Iva (referee)
The theoretical part of the thesis first outlines basic theories of humour. Further, it deals with the psychological functions of humour, specifically cognitive, social and psychohygienic. Since preference, content and sharing of humour are to an important extent influenced by the life period in which a person finds himself/herself, the thesis also focuses on the connection between humour and ontogenetic development of human. In her thesis, the author also pays attention to laughter, which represents the most common reaction to a humorous stimulus, and to sense of humour, being an important personality characteristic of people. The final chapter maps a role of humour in various themes of social psychology. It deals with its influence on social interaction, attitudes or relationships, with emphasis on close relationships. Gender differences and similarities in using, preferring and appreciating humour are covered too. Finally, it discusses humour in connection with communicating aggressive and hostile content. The empirical part contains research on the connection between satisfaction in a relationship and using humour in three types of close relationships - with a partner, parent and friend. The research further addresses the question whether there are differences in functions of humour between the...
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Subjective pereption of Quality of life of people after spinal injury
Svobodová, Martina ; Boukalová, Hedvika (advisor) ; Štětovská, Iva (referee)
The thesis deals with the subjective perception of quality of life of persons that have suffered a spinal cord injury. The Theoretical part is devoted to the quality of life, its definitions, concepts, factors and measuring. Further, it focuses on spinal cord injuries and their consequences with regard to functionality of extremities and organs. It describes types of handicap, process and components of physical therapy. It also deals with psychological stress of a person dealing with the injury and its consequences. Focus is in particular applied to coping strategies and adaptation mechanisms. The third chapter of the Practical part is devoted to the quality of life of a specific target group, i.e. of persons that have suffered spinal cord injury. It introduces the factors and specific aspects contributing to the perception of quality of life. It also addresses some of the frequent mistakes and stereotypes in approaches to people with handicap. In the Empirical part, we have found out that people who suffered spinal cord injury perceive the lower level of quality of life in the area of health and relationships. We did not find statistically significant differences in subjective perception of quality of life depending on the level of handicap, or time that has passed since the injury. As part of...
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Psychology students' attitudes towards adoption of children by same-sex couples
Lukáš, Richard ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (advisor) ; Štětovská, Iva (referee)
Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague, Department of Psychology Richard Lukáš Psychology students' attitudes towards adoption of children by same-sex couples (Master Thesis) Consultant: PhDr. Lenka Krejčová, Ph.D. Praha 2018 Abstract: Same-sex parenting (homoparentality) is new, yet still not well explored phenomena in Czech Republic. Purpose of this study is to explore the attitudes of Czech psychology students (N=337) to homoparentality. The vignettes, i.e. model stories describing the situation of a couple preparing to adopt a child, were used. The sexual orientation of the couple and child's gender varied. After reading one of the six versions of the vignette, participants assessed the parental competences and child's future development after adoption. The factor analysis of dependent variables was performed with 8 scales as a result. Independent variables were traditional and modern homophobia, beliefs about etiology of homosexuality, gender roles attitudes etc. Results indicate that students view homoparentality rather positively. However, the homoparental and heteroparental families were rated differently. The participants were more concerned about normative sexual development and victimization of children from homoparental families. On the other hand, children from heteroparental families...
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Potentialities of adolescents' social skills development at secondary schools
Krejčová, Lenka ; Gillernová, Ilona (advisor) ; Štětovská, Iva (referee) ; Blatný, Marek (referee)
The dissertation thesis presents results of a several-year research project which focused on potential development of adolescents' social skills at secondary schools. The first chapters summarize various concepts, knowledge and theories connected with our topic. The emphasis is put on socialization in adolescence which is an ontogenetic aspect of maturation which points to the dissertation's main theme. The thesis also introduces social skills and emphasizes their necessary development at secondary schools in terms of complex sociocognitive development. Social skills are also tightly connected with academic success and their development also prevents risk behaviour. Social skills development is further considered in connection with teachers who belong among crucial sources of social support and development in adolescence. Another important social group at school environment involves peers who form school classes and affect each other in the course of the whole educational process. Finally, the social skills are introduced in connection with academic success, i.e. motivation toward school work, and academic efficacy. Both these characteristics of the educational process depend on social skills and simultaneously affect academic results. Last chapters of the theoretical part draw attention to different forms...
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Life Satisfaction and Acculturation among Immigrants in the Czech Republic
Gembčíková, Sandra ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor) ; Štětovská, Iva (referee)
This master thesis is dedicated to an acculturation process and its relations to life satisfaction. In the theoretical part the concept of acculturation is presented and conceived as changes accompanying migration to a foreign country. Different acculturation strategies are described, as well as some of the factors that affect influence the complex process of acculturation. One of the chapters is dedicated to a Czech milieu and its legislative and social conditions for immigration, and describing two main third country migrant populations - Ukrainians and Vietnamese. Theoretical part is wrapped up with an introduction to subjective well-being and life satisfaction, with a focus on intercultural context. The empirical part consists of a description and results of a quantitative questionnaire survey among immigrants originally from Vietnam and Ukraine (N = 162) and it is based on Acculturation Scale (Cortés, Rogler, Malgady, 1994), Satisfaction With Life Scale (Diener, Emmons, Larsen, Griffin, 1985) and Bicultural Identity Integration Scale (Chen, Benet-Martínez, Bond, 2008). Most of the respondents adopted integration strategy, however there wasn't a significant difference in life satisfaction among acculturation strategies. The data analysis found several significant variables which participate on...
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Positives and barriers of communication healthcare staff with patient
Honsová, Karolína ; Štětovská, Iva (advisor) ; Fajtlová, Zuzana (referee)
This bachelor's thesis deals with the topic of the positive aspects and the barriers in communication of a healthcare staff with a patient. The theoretical part of the thesis gives an overview of the findings in a positive act leading to an improvement of a pacient's both physical and a psychological state. The special emphasis is put on an empathy of a healthcare staff with the patient, a patient-centered communication, listening to the patient and a shared decision making, which are all the factors improving not only the reflexion of the patient but the clinical results as well. Consequently the topics of hope and compliance, which also affect the healing process, are surveyed. Furthermore the barriers hindering an effective communication are surveyed. The thesis also focuses on the methods that help to overcome the barriers and intensify the influence of positive aspects in the communication. Currently the several methods are offered - the training of communication skills, the specialised courses and the balint societies. The practical part of the theses offers a concept of the research design, which derives from the findings in the theoretical part. The concept focuses on an application of the training in the communication and its possible positive effect on both, a physical and psychological...
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