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Outdoor management training from the view of psychology
Šulc, Marek ; Štikar, Jiří (advisor) ; Rymeš, Milan (referee)
This dissertation is focused on a description of educational methods for outdoor management training managers. This method bears in its basis on the pedagogy of experience, feelings and learning, so that it is possible to find a detailed description of these psychological constructs in this work. The author took heed of a global process of training and education of adults, also to a problem of basis criteria needed for a succesfull realisation of this educational method. There are real, realizable expectations to this method mentioned together with its limits. In the empirical part is described the outdoor management training from the view of organizational guarantee, from the view of handling with motivation and participant's expectation. You can find benefits of this popular method by selected samples.
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Conformational changes of cytochrome c in acid nedia
Plutinský, Martin ; Hudeček, Jiří (advisor) ; Šulc, Miroslav (referee)
One part of my work was focused on literature review within the conformational changes of cytochrome c under various circumstances. Main goal of these studies is to clarify the importance of conformational changes of cytochrome c as the cell death messenger. Cytochrome c binds to cardiolipin- rich inner mitochondrial membrane and a molten globule-like intermediate is supposed to play still unknown role in cell death start. Cytochrom c is also common model protein in a "simple" protein folding problem. It is simple, small molecule and easy to obtain protein that can be studied by a broad variety of techniques. The second part of my work presents conformational study of horse heart ferricytochrome c under acidic conditions with addition of inorganic salts. These conformational changes were monitored using UV/VIS spectrophotometry in four areas of absorption spectrum - aromatic amino acids absorption area and so called Soret band, Q-band and CT band. Derivative of these spectra were used in order to obtain higher-resolution informations.
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Structural basis for interspecies differences in the TRPA1 receptor activation
Synytsya, Viktor ; Šulc, Miroslav (advisor) ; Hudeček, Jiří (referee)
Ankyrin transient receptor potential channel TRPA1 is an excitatory ion channel that transduces nociceptive information on primary aferent sensory nerves of mammals and other organisms. Structure function studies on TRPA1 are valuable for understanding the mechanisms of channel activation and for specific drug discovery efforts, however, significant interspecies differences hamper direct transfer of findings in animals to human. On the other hand, the interspecies differences may prompt identification of many important functional domains. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to give an overview of recent evidence regarding the functional and structural properties of human TRPA1 ion channels from the point of view of the comparison of the most important interspecies differences among TRPA1 orthologs. The experimental part is focused on the comparison of activation properties of human TRPA1 channel with a chimera in which the fifth transmembrane region was replaced by that from Drosophila melanogaster. The presented results obtained by electrophysiological technique patch-clamp demonstrate that outward membrane currents induced by depolarizing voltage are significantly reduced in chimera, which indicates an important role of the fifth transmembrane domain in TRPA1 channel gating (In Czech). Key words:...
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Study on conformational changes in proteins using mass spectrometry.
Rosůlek, Michal ; Novák, Petr (advisor) ; Šulc, Miroslav (referee)
Some proteins and enzymes require presence of their specific ligand, cofaktor or prosthetic group for their activity. Binding of this specific molecule causes conformational changes, which permits to perform their function. In some occasions the identification of conformational changes is difficult. Using chemical cross-linking coupled with mass spectrometry perform complex tool for searching and low resolution visualization of this changes. The aim of this thesis is study of conformational changes induced by binding of calcium ion to calmodulin protein molecule. Calmodulin is a secondary intermediate messenger, which can interact with various proteins. This feature associates with wide dynamical range of calmodulin. Thus calmodulin is the suitable target for identifying conformational changes. After reaction of protein with chemical cross-linkers with different arm length (DSG and DSS) were products of reaction digested by trypsine. Formed linked peptides were separated by high-performance liquid chromatography and analysed followed mass spectrometry. Seven unique intramolecular cross-links were identified. Using isotope unlabeled cross-link reagents in the presence of Ca2+ in combination with using isotope labeled reagents in calcium free conditions we quantified formed lysine-lysine cross-links....
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Protein-protein interaction mapping of cytochrome P-450 by methods using chemical modification and mass spectrometry
Ječmen, Tomáš ; Šulc, Miroslav (advisor) ; Černá, Věra (referee)
Cytochromes P-450 (P450s) belong to haemoprotein superfamily and they are responsible for metabolism of a wide variety of compounds, among others many drugs and carcinogens. P450s serve as the terminal oxidases in the mixed function oxidase system in cooperation with a redox partner NADPH: cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) providing input of two electrons to the reaction cycle of P450. The CPR can be substituted by other redox partner of P450, cytochrome b5 (cyt b5), to deliver the second electron. Three dimensional structure of P450 is required in order to fully understand its reaction mechanism. At the present time, a homology model of cytochrome P-450 2B4 (CYP 2B4) is available in our laboratory. In this study, the mapping of interaction domain between CYP 2B4 and cyt b5 employing a crosslinking agent EDC to form amide bonds between close complementary charged amino acid side chains was the first goal. We have identified five interacting amino acid pairs in total using mass spectrometry (MS). The second research interest was to verify and refine the CYP 2B4 model using a photoaffinity labelling with N-(p-azidobenzyl)-N-methyl-p-aminophenylamine probe. This photoreactive probe is known as CYP 2B4 ligand binding to the central iron atom of haem. After photoactivation the arginine 197 was found by MS...
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Fast scintillation materials based on tailored monocrystalline perovskites and garnets
Pokorný, Martin ; Nikl, Martin (advisor) ; Bryknar, Zdeněk (referee) ; Šulc, Miroslav (referee)
1 Title: Fast scintillation materials based on tailored monocrystalline perovskites and garnets Author: Martin Pokorný University: Charles University Faculty: Faculty of Mathematics and Physics Department: Department of Chemical Physics and Optics Supervisor: doc. Ing. Martin Nikl, CSc., Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10, 162 00 Prague 6 Abstract: This dissertation thesis is focused on the possibilities of speeding-up the main decay component of selected monocrystalline bulk scintillator via energy transfer toward the acceptor. In the beginning it summarizes the main scintillator characteristics together with their respective measurement methods, as well as several growth methods used for the preparation of the crystals for all the samples characterized further in this thesis. In particular, one chapter is focused on the detailed description of the scintillation decay measurement, because this particular method was much improved during the work on this thesis. The main part is focused on the photoluminescent and scintillation characteristics of codoped YAG:Ce and LuAP:Ce bulk scintillators. For these compositions we theoretically described the energy transfers according to the Förster-Dexter model and calculated its microscopic parameters. Moreover for the (Lu,Gd)AP:Ce...
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Evidence for direct and indirect benefits of female promiscuity in vertebrates
Kuba, Martin ; Albrecht, Tomáš (advisor) ; Šulc, Michal (referee)
Female promiscuous behaviour has been observed in many vertebrate groups but its evolution and potential benefits to promiscuous females remain unclear. To explain female promiscuous behaviour, both adaptive and non-adaptive hypotheses have been proposed. According to adaptive hypotheses, females are promiscuous, because they gain benefits through multiple male copulations. These can further be divided into direct benefits hypotheses, where females are assumed to benefit directly from promiscuity by gaining more resources to themselves and improving their own survival, and indirect (genetic) benefits hypotheses where fitness gains to promiscuous females are through improved quality of their offspring. In contrast, according to non-adaptive hypotheses, females do not gain any benefits from promiscuous behaviour and female promiscuous behaviour is a result of male offensive strategies to gain paternity. Adaptive hypotheses, especially those concerning genetic benefits, are highly debated and existing studies often differ in their conclusions. The aim of this thesis is to provide a review of studies evaluating adaptive and non-adaptive hypotheses to explain female promiscuous behaviour in vertebrates. Key words: Promiscuity, sexual conflict, sperm competition, good genes, genetic complementarity,...
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Structural biochemistry of human NK cell receptor complex NKp30 and B7-H6
Skořepa, Ondřej ; Vaněk, Ondřej (advisor) ; Šulc, Miroslav (referee) ; Schneider, Bohdan (referee)
Natural killer cells (NK cells for short) are lymphocytes of the non-specific (innate) immune system. They excel in the ability to recognise and eliminate infected or cancerous cells rapidly. Although their role in immune surveillance of malignant transformation was confirmed years ago, ongoing research shows that this process is far from simple. NKp30 is one of the central activating receptors of NK cells with a potential for use in targeted immunotherapy. The oligomerisation of the extracellular ligand-recognition domain of NKp30 in solution depends on the presence of a C-terminal stalk region. However, the structure and role in signal transduction of these oligomers are still unclear. Moreover, the interaction of NKp30 with ligands is influenced by the presence of N-linked glycosylation. In this work, we investigated whether and how the oligomerisation of NKp30 depends on its glycosylation. Our results show that NKp30 forms oligomers, regardless of whether glycosylation is complex or uniform (acquired by expression in the HEK293S GnTI- cell line). In contrast, NKp30 was found to form only monomers when enzymatically deglycosylated. Furthermore, we characterised the interaction with the ligand B7-H6, again concerning oligomerisation and glycosylation. We solved the crystal structure of its...
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Timing of egg laying in obligate brood parasites
Studecký, Jan ; Šulc, Michal (advisor) ; Pipek, Pavel (referee)
Obligate brood parasitism has evolved in 109 bird species around the world, which is approximately 1 % of all bird species. This alternative reproductive strategy is associated with complex evolution of the relationships between parasite and host(s) which is responsible for many adaptations on both sides. One of the important adaptations is the timing of egg laying either within a season, time of a day, or nesting stage of an individual host pair. The speed of laying itself is also no less important adaptation. Because brood parasitism is present worldwide in many different bird orders and parasites use variable species as their hosts, this adaptation is expected to be variable as well. My thesis will review information about timing of egg laying in all main taxonomical groups of brood parasites and will compare this adaptation between specialists and generalists, between closely related parasites with different hosts or between sedentary and migratory parasitic species. The main focus is on the question of coevolution with the host in relation to different timing strategies and an attempt to explain the differences in these strategies. Keywords: birds, coevolution, brood parasitism, egg laying, timing
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