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New regulatory metabolic factors in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus
Matějková, Mirka ; Haluzík, Martin (advisor) ; Flachs, Pavel (referee)
Fibroblast growth factors are proteins with diverse biological function in development, tissue repair, and metabolism. The human FGF gene family consists of 22 members. FGF 19 subfamily includes FGF 19, FGF 21, and FGF 23. They act as systemic factors in an endocrine manner. FGF 19 subfamily requires klotho protein as a cofactor for its action. FGF 19 produced by intestine acts mainly in the liver through FGFR4, where it inhibits bile acid and fatty acid synthesis. FGF 21 is produced by the liver and contributes to the regulation of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism through modulation of glucose uptake in adipocytes. Serum FGF 21 levels are increased in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Serum FGF 19 levels are on the contrary decreased in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus and more probably depend on the nutritional status of the organism than on the glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. Key words: type 2 diabetes mellitus, FGF 19, FGF 21, obesity, adipose tissue
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Naegleria: from free-living protist to brain eating deadly pathogen
Matějková, Magdalena ; Mach, Jan (advisor) ; Marková, Lenka (referee)
N. fowleri is mostly a free-living amoeboflagellate which, in favorable conditions, can occasionally adopt a parasitic lifestyle. In such cases, the amoeba becomes causative agent of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis, a severe and largely fatal disease occurring in several mammals including humans. The treatment of this disease is complicated by many unwanted side-effects of available drugs and a lack of prompt diagnostic methods. Within the Naegleria genus, N. fowleri is the only human pathogen. According to up-to-date knowledge, the pathogenicity of this species is due to its metabolic properties as well as to a particular set of proteins expressed by this protist. Besides a wide scale of enzymes, some of these proteins participate in the formation of cellular structures which are crucial for the pathogenesis. All these particularities should be targeted in a search for a better treatment. The thesis is focusing on a comparison of N. fowleri with related species N. gruberi and N. lovaniensis, stressing out the differences of N. fowleri from these non-pathogenic species. Key words: Naegleria fowleri, primary amoebic meningoencephalitis, immune response, pathogenesis, facultative parasitism
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Preventive program focused on strengthening mental resilience of lower-secondary school students
Matějková, Michaela ; Kovaříková, Miroslava (advisor) ; Zvírotský, Michal (referee)
This thesis discusses the topic of supporting the mental resilience of lower-secondary school students. It starts with a brief summary of the protective and risk factors and adolescent stress situations characteristics followed by a thorough overview of methods for development and further strengthening of mental resilience. Next, it describes the role of mental health in curricular documents. The work aims to develop a preventive program, put it in practice at a selected secondary school and evaluate its efficiency using repetitive questionnaires. The program further includes a thorough description of the methodology with attachments for teachers, who will guide the students throughout the program, as well as a portfolio for the student participants. KEYWORDS Prevention, program, mental resilience, lower-secondary school students.
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Milne method and phase-amplitude method
Matějková, Markéta ; Soldán, Pavel (advisor) ; Čurík, Roman (referee)
Bound and quasi-bound states of one-dimensional systems play an important role in quantum physics. In this thesis we solve the Schrödinger equation numerically via the Milne method. We show the relation between the Schrödinger and the Milne equation. The quantum action and the quantum number function are defined. We find bound-state energies of chosen symmetrical and unsymmetrical potentials. Dependence of bound- state energies on the number of points and the step size is studied. We also analyze the influence of the choice of trial energies and the number of iterations. Then we modify the Milne equation and using the phase-amplitude method we illustrate the search of resonances on the example of a diatomic molecule. 1
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UN Peacekeeping in the Early 1990s: Evaluation of the outcomes of second-generation operations with Chapter VII mandates
Matějková, Monika ; Bureš, Oldřich (advisor) ; Kučera, Tomáš (referee)
This Master's Thesis is devoted to the United Nations peacekeeping, particularly second- generation operations in the early 1990s and their evaluation. The aim of the thesis is to evaluate the (lack of) success of the selected missions, which were the first examples of operations authorized under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations. The theoretical part focuses on the concept of peacekeeping itself, historical development, types of peace operations and literature review, as there are various criteria on how to evaluate peacekeeping missions. For the purpose of this thesis, the work examines three peace operations - the United Nations Protection Force (UNPROFOR), the United Nations Missions in Somalia (UNOSOM I and UNOSOM II) and the United Nations Observer Mission in Liberia (UNOMIL). The case studies provide a brief overview of the conflict, the main roots of the conflict, a response from the international community, deployment of the mission and its evaluation according to the selected framework. Furthermore, the supplementary discussion regarding the development and situation in the country in the aftermath of the mission's withdrawal enriches the case study. The thesis concludes with the evaluation of the outcomes of second-generation operations with Chapter VII mandates and aims...
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Lower extremity musculoskeletal problems in ballet dancers
Matějková, Michaela ; Bitnar, Petr (advisor) ; Demeková, Júlia (referee)
Classical balet may be, in terms of its difficulty, compared to professional athletic disciplines. The inumerous repetitive movements balet consists of require both precision and fluidity, placing the dancer's musculoskeletal system under great amounts of pressure. The theoretical part of the paper focuses on the musculoskeletal problems of lower extremities that represent the majority of those that professional balet dancers cope with during the course of their careers. It further contains information about the causes of such injuries, their treatment, and methods of preventing their occurence. The paper also presents the results of the influence of targeted training with closed eyes on the postural stability of a professional balet dancer. It concludes that this type of training may have positive impact on the dancer's postural stabilization and help in reducing the frequency of injuries.
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New diets for patients on dialysis
Kubíková, Kristýna ; Matějková, Miroslava (advisor) ; Zakiyanov, Oskar (referee)
The bachelor thesis focuses on new diets for dialysis patients. The aim is to create a new dietary regime system that meets the dietary requirements during dialysis treatment and also make the work of nutritional therapists easier. The old system was based on "common rational diet no. 3" and the food was selected individualy for every patient in order to avoid unsuitable meals in the dietary regime. This system was rather time consuming and the nutritional values did not meet the requirements of a dialysis diet. The anatomy and physiology emphasis is placed especially on chronic renal insufficiency. The privotal point of this chapter is the dialysis treatment and a description of dietotherapy in this stage of kidney failure. The practical part looks as the methodology of creating a new dietary regime. The result part compares the improvement in nutritional values with the original "rational diet no.3" and also looks at the methodology of creating new dietary regimes. The main research goal of the questionnare was to find out the patient's satisfaction with the new dialysis diet. Another goal was to discover the nutritional balance of individual dishes and the willingness to continue the diet after hospitalization. Finally, I would also like to mention that theoretically prepared dietary regime was put...
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Emmy Destinn as a writer and composer
Matějková, Marie ; Saláková, Magdalena (advisor) ; Volavá, Iva (referee)
Emmy Destinn was the most famous Czech operatic soprano, who achieved fame in the whole west world. Not only did she engage in singing but also in writing and composing. Several pieces of work came out during her lifetime. This thesis deals with the output of the writer and composer Emmy Destinny with a brief description of her life at the beginning. A collection of poems called Sturm und Ruhe was published in German in 1902. Five years later another collection Der galante Abbé also in German followed. Only the first collection of poems is analysed in this thesis. Emmy Destinn also wrote several plays: Pod praporem umění, Dvojí hřích, Rahel, Tůně, U Cíle, Kruh měsíců a Nadarmo. For the lack of literature the plays are described only generally. During her engagement in the Berlin State Opera she was trying to finish a novel Pan doktor Casanova, which, however, ended as two unfinished versions of a description of life in the State Opera. Her most crucial work is the chronicle novel Ve stínu modré růže with a subtitle Román zašlých vášní, in which she is describing the Leonhardi dynasty, which owned the castle in a town Stráž nad Nežárkou. On top of that, Emmy Destinn wrote two short stories Mladá paní stará and Strom zrazené lásky, which were inspired by the lives of people living in the surroundings...
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Youth Athletic Training in Sport Club "ZŠ Jeseniova, z.s.
Matějková, Martina ; Vindušková, Jitka (advisor) ; Feher, Jan (referee)
Title: Training youth in Sports club ZŠ Jeseniova, z.s. Objectives: The aim of this work is to analyze the support of youth training and the characteristics of the youth section Sports club ZŠ Jeseniova, z. s. Methods: Theoretical knowledge has been written through literary research. The practical part was characterized by Sports club ZŠ Jeseniova, the club's functioning, the training of children and youth and the projects offered by the club were described. A semi-structured interview with the management and coaches of the club was used to obtain the information for the writing of the practical part. Further, based on the questionnaire sent to the managers and trainers, the shortcomings and possible options for the development of the section were pointed out. Results: The procedure of the work shows that the functioning of the section is at a very good level, except for a not sufficient area of the premises and the possible improvement of cooperation and communication between coaches. Based on the written practical part, the possibilities of further development of the section emerged-such as the delegation of powers among other members of the club, the division of training groups according to a discipline specialization, problems with not sufficient and others. Keywords: training of children and...
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