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The positive influence of learning and activating methods, applied in a adulthood as a prequisite for active aging
Hušinová, Irena ; Šulová, Lenka (referee) ; Mertin, Václav (referee)
My thesis focuses on the education of adults, with view to peculiarities of their development and with accent to the senior population. It deals with the impact of physiological changes in the period of interevium and senium, which significantly affect the level of learning and education, and subsequently also self confidence of an individual, activity of their approach towards old age and their perception of well-being. The author projects to her thesis her own feelings, attitudes, opinions and experiences. She works with mnemonics, which facilitate long-term memory and support healthy activity of an individual. She considers current needs of the senior population and has tried to depict them graphically in the form of a treetop. A survey in the form of a simple questionnaire was carried out among senior citizens in order to identify their interest in education and their understanding of learning as a prevention of active and healthy life in old age. The survey was participated in by 150 responders, mostly women, from the Center for Social and Nursing Services in Prague 10 and within the activities of the Civic Association Život 90. Key words interevium, senium, mnemonics, prevention, educational programs
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The possibilities of diagnosis of dyslexia in children
Matějovská, Lucie ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (advisor) ; Mertin, Václav (referee)
The research study focuses on the development of new appropriate tools suitable for dyslexia assessment of primary school children (grades sixth to ninth), and a process of their pilot standardization. The inspiration was found in the existing tests for different age groups and methods used abroad. Four newly created tests were included into the test battery (test of visual perception, phonological manipulation, auditory segmentation and rapid automatized naming) as well as two already existing tests, which are a part of the validation study (test of auditory discrimination from Novak's Diagnosis of specific learning disabilities battery and Symbol search subtest from Wechsler intelligence scale for children). The research group consisted of 155 students of primary school (grades sixth to ninth), 61 dyslectics and 94 intact students. The results between the intact group and the dyslexic group differed significantly in all tests. The test of phonological manipulation showed the strongest differentiation. The study includes a correlation analysis between the tests and norms created for both groups. The presented predictive model was able to correctly identify 77.4 % of "cases" in relation to the criterion dyslexic - intact group.
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Social support in senior age
Němcová, Tereza ; Štětovská, Iva (advisor) ; Mertin, Václav (referee)
This bachelor's thesis is dealing with problematic of social support and it's specifics in older age. I will write about terminology, sources of social support and their positive and negative effects. Also I will explain different types of social support and ways how can we determine it. Special attention will be focused on the seniors in institutional care in Czech republic. In the end of the thesis there will be designed a research for monitoring a social support and quality of life at this senior group.
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Interests, leisure activities and personality development of adolescents
Charwotová, Markéta ; Gillernová, Ilona (advisor) ; Mertin, Václav (referee)
The bachelor thesis project aims to cover the individual aspects of the topic of adolescents' personality development by means of their leisure activities. Therefore, it concerns leisure activities and their developmental consequences, as well as formative factors and the relevant adolescence-related topics (especially social aspects of maturing). The thesis consists of two main parts. The first part is devoted to the theoretical description of the topic. The second part involves a proposal for an empirical research. The adolescent period is very dynamic and full of changes as the personality of an individual is being formed and it is therefore appropriate to observe the influence of various developmental aspects of leisure activities on the personality of adolescent boys and girls. For this reason, the proposal for empirical research is conceived as longitudinal. Keywords: Development of personality, interest, leisure activity, adolescents, formative factors
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Pseudolongitudinal Research of Individual Sociability traits Pupils in Primary School
Novotná, Marie ; Mertin, Václav (referee) ; Gillernová, Ilona (referee)
The submitted thesis is concerned with the research of individual distinctions of sociability of pupils through analysis of their social relations. The theoretical part deals with findings on general range of the concept of sociability, defines interindividual relations as a theoretical and empirical resource of the sociability research, characterizes the developmental period of early adolescence. The further part of the thesis briefly describes sociability of pupils from the view of basic psychical components, a special attention is focused on social emotional dispositions particularly on relations of temperamental dispositions with social behaviour and relations of peers. It is connected to socialization in the period of adolescence. The conclusion of the thesis deals with social relations at school. The empirical part represents pseudolongitudinal quantitative research, where first of all correlation between individual distinctions of sociability of pupils and extraversion was found out. Futher, it describes to what extent the ability of sociability varies in relation to gender, how social characteristics between genders are different. Considering the fact that it is a repeated questionaire research, it compares test results of the same model of respondents in a two - year time interval. Key...
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The relationship between psychometric intelligence and creativity
Reichová, Anna ; Stehlík, Luděk (advisor) ; Mertin, Václav (referee)
This paper briefly summarizes major theories dealing with the relationship between creativity and intelligence. It address psychometric dimension of this relationship with emphasis on contemporary tests of cognitive abilities and their potential contribution to the assessment of creative abilities. This paper includes a research design focused on improving interpretative possibilities of two tests of cognitive abilities currently in use in the Czech Republic (namely WISC-III and WJ-IE-II). It is designed to assess the correlation between creative style (as measured by TCT-DP) and three broad abilities of the Cattell-Horn-Carroll theory (supposedly relevant to creativity) in population aged 6-17. The aforementioned broad abilities are fluid intelligence (Gf), long-term memory (Glr) and visualization (Gv).
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Defense Mechanisms in School-Age Children
Glaser, Jiří ; Šírová, Eva (advisor) ; Mertin, Václav (referee)
This bachelor's thesis consists of scientific literature compilation and research design. At the beginning of the theoretical part, defense mechanisms are characterized together with their possible classifications. The next section describes various types of methods that are used for defense mechanism assessment. In the following, two methods for each of these types are mentioned in detail, together with research concerning their validity, if such exist. Besides that, more defense mechanism assessment methods, used for children, are mentioned. The next topics covered in this thesis are defense mechanism characteristics in school-age children and defense mechanism development. Results compiled from large body of research are mentioned in this section. In the final chapter a research design is presented. It concentrates on comparison of defense mechanism assessment using Fairy Tale Test and Defense Mechanism Manual.
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Comparative study of naturally bilingual children and children attending a bilingual educational institution
Gulášová, Ivana ; Horáková Hoskovcová, Simona (advisor) ; Mertin, Václav (referee)
The topic of this work is bilingualism in children coming from bilingual families, and children visiting bilingual or foreign language preschools. The theoretical part puts emphasis mainly on the specifics of children's bilingualism and bilingualism in general as well as characteristics of bilingual families and language focused preschool institutions. Furthermore, describes the general language development in children and compares it with the language development at simultaneous bilingual children, ie raised bilingual in the family since birth. The practical part has a mapping study of bilingualism in children with preschool ages. The research method is an online questionnaire presented to parents. The research sample includes 45 children. The data are compared between child-brought up in a bilingual family and children attending bilingual preschools. At the same time indicates a general tendency for bilingual education. An interesting finding is that the parents of children who want to raise their children in this kind of bilingual education do not prepare in any way and that the weaker language of the child, which is learning in pre-school, is reflected in his egocentric speech. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Psychosocial situation of siblings of children with disabilities
Husová, Lucie ; Šturma, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Mertin, Václav (referee)
The thesis deals with a psychosocial situation of siblings of children with a pervasiv disorder. The labour surveys new findings about the autism and an effect of autistic child on its sibling in the theoretical part. The part devoted to the autism is mostly focused on neurobiological findings of this disease. The part about siblings is specialised in pieces of knowledge from available researches and describes the present condition of scientific knowledge. The empirical part describes a psychosocial situation of siblings of autistic children. A qualitative method was used during the research. The main used method is a test called "FAST" (Family System Test) and a follow-up interview. The diploma work goes towards a deeper understanding of a psychological and social situation of a healthy sibling. Detailed studies of cases which indicate possible risks resulting from living with an autistic child are presented in the project. There are also mentioned tendencies of further research progress. Keywords: Siblings, autism, psychosocial situation of siblings.
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Social skills of teachers and possibilities of their development orientated on beginning teachers
Štěrbová, Nina ; Šírová, Eva (advisor) ; Mertin, Václav (referee)
This thesis "Social skills of teachers and possibilities of their development, orientated on beginning teachers" looks into posibility of utilization of videotraining of interactions method (VTI) for development of social skills in teachers-beginners. Theoretical part focuses on analysis of current state in pre- and postgraduated education, its oriented on their personality and social skills, mainly on communication skills. Practical part deals with presence of development of social skills in beginning teachers. Effect of VTI of the development is tested. This method is prepared for this goal. Collected data comes from observation of 14 teachers and this data are analyzed by programm V.I.P. The outcome is a fact that VTI method has significant influence on global development of teacher's social skills. VTI has positive influence in field "activation of students" (mainly affirmative attachement and paraphrasing students" statements).
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