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Molecular Genetic Applications in Archeological and Anthropological Context
Urbanová, Markéta ; Černý, Viktor (advisor) ; Brdička, Radim (referee) ; Brůžek, Jaroslav (referee)
6 Coxcr-usroN The aim of our studywas to establisha laboratoryprotocolfor isolationand analysisof aDNA. By studying three different skeletal collections answersabout sex, kinship and presenceof pathogenicbacteriawere searched. During the course of this thesisnew protocols for aDNA study were developedand continuously optimized'We wereableto evaluateinformationaboutsexof 37 subadultindividuals(.l8'7%)from Mikulčice settlementcemetery(9thcentury)andto confirmpÍesenceof Mycobacteriumlepraeon 2 skeletonsfromŽatec cemetery(l3th century).Subadult skeletonsexaminationbrought interestingresults of extremelyhigher presenceof maleindividuals. Unfortunately,notall aimswerefulťrlled.By establishedprotocolfor aDNA kinshipanalysisit wasnot possibleto retrievesufficientinťormationfor explanationof familial relationshipof individualsfrom thesame doubleburialsite. All acquiredexperienceand establishedprotocols are very valuable and in fururewe supposetheir full utilizationandimorovementin thefield of kinshioanalvsisof aDNA molecule. 28
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Development of HPLC method for the determination of 6-gingerol, capsaicin, 8-gingerol, 6-shogaol and 10 gingerol in Zingiber officinale samples
Urbanová, Martina ; Chocholoušová Havlíková, Lucie (advisor) ; Matysová, Ludmila (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Analytical Chemistry Candidate: Martina Urbanová Supervisor: PharmDr. Lucie Havlíková, Ph.D. Title of Diploma Thesis: Development of an HPLC method for the determination of 6-gingerol, capsaicin, 8-gingerol, 6-shogaol and 10-gingerol in Zingiber officinale samples The diploma thesis was focused on the development of an HPLC method for the determination of 6-gingerol, capsaicin, 8-gingerol, 6-shogaol and 10-gingerol in Zingiber officinale samples. At first, freshly prepared rhizome samples of ginger were selected. Afterwards, levels of analytes in model dried ginger powder samples were evaluated. 6-gingerol had always showed highest response in both fresh rhizome samples of ginger and dried ginger powder samples. Capsaicin has not been found in any sample. 6-shogaol has only been found in dried ginger powder samples. Extraction of other substances depended on the methodology of preparation of particular samples. During the optimization of this method, various mobile and stationary phases were examined. The suitable mobile phase was composed of acetonitrile and water in 50/50 (v/v) ratio. Ascentis® Express Phenyl-Hexyl analytical column (100 x 4.6 mm; 2.7 µm) was chosen as a stationary phase for analysis, which was also...
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Education and re-education of the individual endangared by the volatile substance taking.
Urbanová, Michaela ; Hanušová, Jaroslava (referee) ; Marádová, Eva (referee)
The text deals with the perception of volatile compounds in the vicinity of socially excluded localities. The theoretical basis of this work is taken on the basis of theory to define the impact of education, social exclusion and other factors that describe toluene abuser. The main part of the text focuses on case studies, which described the tendency to abuse toluene. This is particularly true for people from socially excluded localities. Observation of toluene abuser, phase of his addiction and devastation, however, do not belong to the main objective of this work. It focuses mainly on the perception of drug abuse toluene as the risk-generation potential abuser (primary and practical schools) in connection with the approach of the teachers also addresses this issue. Despite the danger, however, with peers who abuse toluene, and especially for the older generation of this volatile substance to be considered harmless fun. This fact stands out in the context of intravenous heroin and methamphetamine, contrary to the public clearly terrified. Based on data that are collected by questionnaire survey, this work gives the parties determine the perception of toluene in the vicinity of the abuser. Research is also focused on the effectiveness of the activities of primary prevention of abuse of volatile substances...
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Selected psychological of dangerousness assessment of offenders being at liberty, recidivism risks and resocialization possibilities
Valentová, Petra ; Boukalová, Hedvika (advisor) ; Urbanová, Miluše (referee)
An implementation of what is currently one of the most commonly used tools for high- risk assessment of offenders, HCR-20, the 3rd version - HCR (V3) to the Czech Republic is the main goal of the submitted thesis. Specifically, a theoretical background of this tool, an illustration of the administration and data evaluation within two different case studies, an assessment of inter-rater reliability, a comparison of three versions of HCR-20 with emphasis on the second and the third vision and advantages and disadvantages of HCR (V3) are introduced. This project underlines an importance of taking part in training for a high-risk assessment tool, which is very often underestimated in the Czech Republic, and the importance of gained experiences in high-risk assessment of offenders and the unification of assessors. Moreover, the study supports the implementation of standardised high-risk assessment method. The high-risk assessment of offenders ad hoc should be replaced in our country by clinical assessment supported by results gained via standardised high-risk assessment tool as it is applied abroad. Further research is needed to gain this goal. Empirical results in the thesis are supported by theoretical background. Terms like the high- risk assessment, re-offense, rehabilitation techniques and programs...
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Analyze of case studies of institutionalized adolescents
Baldová, Lenka ; Pazlarová, Hana (advisor) ; Urbanová, Miluše (referee)
Bakalářská práce "Analýza kasuistik klientů projektu Vstup do života" se zaměřuje na zhodnocení dvou protikladů výchovy dítěte a to rodinné a ústavní výchovy v České republice a psychickou deprivací, jako následkem neuspokojování potřeb dítěte v ústavní výchově. Dále se zaměřuje na projekt Vstup do života, realizovaným Občanským sdružením Člověk hledá člověka, jehož byla autorka této práce nezávislým hodnotitelem. Hlavní součástí práce jsou informace získané vyhodnocováním kasuistik klientů projektu Vstup do života, pomocí metody obsahové analýzy kasuistik.
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Verification of the application of psycho-diagnostic tool Hare Psychopathy Checklist. Contribution to typology of inmates
Johanidesová, Silvie ; Urbanová, Miluše (advisor) ; Boukalová, Hedvika (referee)
In the theoretical section of my graduation thesis I deal with the development of the penal system and the classification of inmates; I look at the personality of delinquent in respect of criminogenic factors (biological, social and psychological); further I outline a number of typologies of inmates focusing on the risk assessment and the most frequently used classificatory diagnostic tools in the USA, Canada, and the Great Britain. As the group of inmates with dissocial personality disorder is considered to be high-risk, its correct diagnostics is crucial. For this reason the aim of the empirical part of my graduation thesis is the verification of the applicability of the psycho-diagnostic tool Hare Psychopathy Checklist - Revised (PCL-R): 2nd edition. My research was conducted in Vinařice prison on the sample of 36 inmates that were presumed to suffer from dissocial personality disorder. In order to verify the applicability of PCL-R in our conditions, I have chosen for the comparison already verified method of Eyseneck's questionnaire PEN. The research results confirmed the alternative hypotheses. There was proved the statistically significant dependency between the values of the total score PCL-R and the subscales of psychoticism and criminality of the questionnaire PEN, but only on the low significance...
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Aggression and depression of sentenced drug abusers
Dvořák, Luděk ; Urbanová, Miluše (referee) ; Šípek, Jiří (referee)
The postgraduate thesis is looking into possible links between depression or depressiveness and aggression or aggressiveness in relation to the psychosocial atmosphere of prison focusing on sentenced drug users. Our study is also verifying the assumption, that aggression might be typical coping mechanism of men to control the depression. The theoretical part is looking for potential links between terms depression and aggression based on technical knowledge in the literature studied; also pointing at gender conditioned ways of controlling a depression as well as connection between depression or aggression occurrence of sentenced and drug addicted sentenced individuals. The empirical part of the study is based on findings, included in the thesis as a prestudy I and gained through psychosocial atmosphere of specialized detachment of Příbram's prison in 2006 (Dvořák, 2006). By using the same technique as in pre-study I (SPK form) work verifies, if current level of psychosocial atmosphere in specialized detachment corresponds to the pre-study I situation. SPK form scale of aggression is here used as the comparative parameter. The postgraduate thesis is subsequently verifying the assumption of Rutz and his coauthors (1999), that aggression might be form of a depression control. Through CAE projective technique is...
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Psychological problematics of convicts
Tamchyna, Miroslav ; Urbanová, Miluše (referee) ; Gillernová, Ilona (referee)
Předkládaná rigorózní práce se zabývá aktuálními problémy výehovného zacházení s odsouzenými a jeho účinnosti z forenzně psychologického hlediska. Reaguje na kontinuálně probíhající systémové změny ve vězeňství, které od devadesátých let významně mění .celkovou koncepci i způsob výkonu trestu ve smyslu jeho humanizace. Zachycuje vznik a vývoj i současný stav problematiky vnitřní diferenciace odsouzených ve výkonu trestu odnětí svobody. Tématicky a obsahově navazuje na obdobně zaměřené vlastní dřívější práce. Samotné téma vyplynulo jednak z bezprostředních potřeb penitenciární praxe, jednak z nutnosti realizace legislativních změn uskutečňovaných ve vězeňství prostřednictvím zákona o výkonu trestu a prováděcích vyhlášek. Nastolení problému vnitřní diferenciace u dospělých odsouzených nebylo ničím samoúčelným a nnléhnvčji vyvstalo teprv~ a:ž jako důsledek systémových změn podmínek ve vězeňství jako ceiku i v jednotlivých věznicích. Bylo zároveň odpovědí na závažné problémy s vězni v konkrétních podmínkách věznic pro výkon trestu a jednou z možností řešení nově vzniklé situace. Hledaly se cesty řešení, přičemž uplatňování rozličných variant vnitřní diferenciace se stalo jednou z nich. Její uplatňování v praxi znamenalo změnu přístupu k odsouzeným. Současně řešení problému vnitřní diferenciace bylo jedním z...
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Irrational Beliefs in Connections with Personality Variables in Penitentiary Background: Difference Analysis of Prisoners Convicted of Property and Violent Criminal Offence
Ivanovičová, Michaela ; Urbanová, Miluše (advisor) ; Sochůrek, Jan (referee) ; Boukalová, Hedvika (referee)
The aim of this study is research of irrational beliefs of Ellis in connections with personality variables in penitentiary background. This study is oriented to differences in this domains by prisoners according to the kind of criminal offence too. Prisoners were administrated (N=208; violent criminal offence N=100, property criminal offence N=108) PSSI - Inventory of styles and personality disorders (Kuhl - Kazén, 2002), Quenstionaire SPARO (Mikšík, 2001), Inventory of irrational beliefs (IBI; Koopmans et al.) and scale IPA (Kondáš - Kordačová, 2000). Results refer to signifikant high rate of prisoners irrational beliefs and their specific personality configuration. Differences in prisoners personality in according to the kind of criminal offence was not affirm. Prisoners irrationality of Ellis relate mainly to schizotyp styl of personality and to others personality variables of behavior under stress. This study offers an qualitative and longitudinal view in this problematic, too. Outcomes of this study are to use for concret work with prisoners, for creation of treatment program toward influence their attitudes, beliefs and general kognitive framework, their is relate to their criminal offence; for checking of effectiveness this programs and for inspiration in another reasearch in penitentiary...
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