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Teaching the Neonatal and Infant Stages of Ontogenesis at the 2nd Level of Primary School.
Netušilová, Nikola ; Vančata, Václav (advisor) ; Ehler, Edvard (referee)
The main aim of the diploma thesis was to design and implement a teaching programme for 8th grade of primary schools which acts upon the topic of the neonatal and infant period. The theoretical part of the diploma thesis gives the reader a comprehensive overview of the different stages that a newborn goes through during the first year of his or hers life. In the introduction, the neonatal stage and the postnatal adaptation of a newborn are defined, followed by an examination of the gradual development during the first month after birth. The scoring of the newborn according to Apgar, which takes place in the first minutes after birth, is described in relation to postnatal adaptation. Subsequently, the infant stage is characterized and the psychomotor development of the infant is described with emphasis on the development in each month of the first year of his or hers life. The theoretical part of the diploma thesis then includes the nutrition of a newborn and an infant with emphasis on breastfeeding as a natural way of nutrition. The practical part of the diploma thesis examines the preparation, implementation and evaluation of the teaching programme. The proposed programme includes a range of activities and teaching materials. Furthermore, it includes an analysis of the Framework Curriculum for...
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Analysis of the Core Learning Content of the Human Biology Topic in the Lower-secondary Textbooks
Dvořáková, Barbora ; Vojíř, Karel (advisor) ; Ehler, Edvard (referee)
This master's thesis focused on the analysis of core curriculum content in the field of human biology as presented in textbooks designed for the 8th grade of primary schools and corresponding years of multi-year gymnasia. Its main objective was to conduct empirical analysis of the content of textbooks from various Czech publishers to identify the core curriculum or its key concepts presented in these textbooks. A microanalysis of textbook content and an analysis of core concepts presented by textbooks from individual Czech publishers were conducted. The analysis of the core curriculum was conducted based on the identification of important technical terms in the textbook text, removal of duplicates within individual textbook texts, further unification of terms based on their summarizing concepts, and finally, the identification of technical terms that appeared in more than half of the presented textbooks. The results indicated that out of the total number of key terms contained in current Czech textbooks on natural science, only 426 terms, representing less than 17 %, were identified as core curriculum content. KEYWORDS: textbooks, biology, human biology, key terms, core curriculum, analysis
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Possibilities of controlling the greater sage-grouse (\kur{Heracleum mantegazzianum}) by cattle grazing
RYBÁŘ, Štěpán
Undergraduate thesis focuses on the ability to control greater sage-grouse by grazing cattle. The research was carried out on four plots of land near the village of Střítež near the town of Kaplice. Mapping was carried out on each plot in a defined square for a period of four months. In the squares with the presence of this invasive plant, the size and width of the leaf rosettes of the plants were recorded. Subsequently, the species distribution of other plant species was determined. The measured results were recorded in graphs and averages. Finally, suggested actions on plots with this invasive plant are presented. Grazing with higher intensity and frequency, and multiple mowing outside the pasture, seems to be the most suitable method of sage-grouse control for the study site.
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The use of interdisciplinary relationships in teaching physics at elementary school
PECHOVÁ, Veronika
The author of this diploma thesis continues in her bachelor thesis. The author still writes about intersubject relations of Physics and Biology at elementary school. The thesis includes some suggestions for intersubject learning. There are also a few original intersubject projects, worksheets for pupils and there are also some detailed didactic analyses and methodical comments for teachers. The thesis also includes a didactic activity called "Biophysical relay" which was evaluated as the best piece of work in a competition Student innovation of practice (abbreviated SIP) at Faculty of Education at University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice in 2023.
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Application for Alignment of DNA Parts
Kašpárek, Tomáš ; Žák, Jakub (referee) ; Rozman, Jaroslav (advisor)
This thesis deals with DNA sequences alignment methods with focus on execution speed of given task and its optimality. The outcome of this thesis results in multiple programs, which presents DNA alignment algorithms and their versions programmed with OpenCL libraries, which are optimized on calculation rate. Text of this thesis apprises reader with DNA alignment problematic and its importance in biology. Further, algorithms for DNA alignment and options of their speed-up using libraries like CUDA or OpenCL are presented.
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Alignment of DNA Parts
Pejř, Václav ; Burgetová, Ivana (referee) ; Rozman, Jaroslav (advisor)
This thesis deals with finding the possibilities within the sphere of alignment of DNA sequences. Based on these findings, the best solution should be found with regard to the quickness of computation and quality of alignment. Following this I intend to implement and thus create a functioning program that will do the alignment. The thesis starts with introducing issues dealing with biology, DNA and genetics. The introduction is followed by a survey of algorithms that are used for alignment, their evaluation and selection of the most appropriate algorithm for the implementation. The thesis also focuses on the usage of parallel programming by means of OpenCL libraries. The alignment is being done above many sequences at the same time, so that the methods how this process can be done and how to reach the best results are being examined.
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Biologist and Philosopher Zdeněk Neubauer. Studies on Intellectual Biography.
Nováková, Lucie ; Hermann, Tomáš (advisor) ; Palouš, Martin (referee) ; Frei, Jan (referee)
Dissertation abstract Biologist a philosopher Zdeněk Neubauer Studies on Intellectual Biography The subject of the dissertation research is the personality and work of the Czech biologist and philosopher Zdeněk Neubauer in contemporary scientific and social contexts, in selected aspects, concentrating mainly on the period from the beginning of his scientific activity to the 1990s. It focuses on his intellectual biography in general, with an attempt to capture, describe and informatively complete those aspects of his work and professional activities where the necessary coherent information has not been available so far. The basic methodology of the thesis is qualitative research with as much critical objectivity as possible. The necessary evaluation and interpretation procedures are subordinated to this basic approach and objectives. The text of the dissertation is divided into ten chapters, which structure Neubauer's life into thematic units. The chapters are partly arranged chronologically, but most of the themes are interwoven throughout the work, so this structure is only ancillary. The breakdown of the chapters is as follows: Childhood, Naples Stay, Serratia Marcescens, Letter on Biology, Paul Ricoeur and the Rehabilitation of the Subject, Spirit and Nature, Clash of Paradigms, and The Science Wars,...
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The Issue of Industrial Wastewater Treatment and its Inclusion in Biology Education
Rychtecká, Karolína ; Skýbová, Jana (advisor) ; Říhová, Dagmar (referee)
The topic of the diploma thesis is "The Issue of Industrial Wastewater Treatment and its Inclusion in Biology Education." The aim of the thesis is to familiarize the reader more deeply with industrial wastewater, to find out how the general population perceives the issue, and specifically to propose and verify in practice how the topic could be included in the teaching of natural history. The work consists of a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part of the work is devoted to the definition of industrial wastewater and its composition. It characterizes selected industrial wastewater and treatment processes that are used to remove pollutants in industrial wastewater. It also marginally touches on the topic of water management in the industry. The chapters of the theoretical part also summarize the impact of wastewater pollution in relation to humans and the environment. The work also includes a section dedicated to legislation related to industrial wastewater treatment. The conclusion of the theoretical part of the work is devoted to teaching methods suitable for the inclusion of the issue of industrial wastewater in teaching at secondary schools. The practical part is devoted to own research to find out the perception of the population about the issue of wastewater treatment and...
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Botany Field Trips
Brabcová, Eliška ; Novotný, Petr (advisor) ; Kroufek, Roman (referee)
This bachelor thesis is devoted to the problem of field education in botany. Based on the available international and Czech literature, the thesis points out the current change in the attitude of the academic and lay public towards botany and the related educational implications. It also presents the dichotomy in the concept of field education - the traditional Czech approach of organizing field trips and the Scandinavian model of uteskole. Furthermore, the thesis questions the benefit of the conventional division of the field trip into stages - preparation, realisation and evaluation - in the context of striving for a more regular and conceptual field education. Within the actual implementation of field education in botany, it discusses selected aspects of nature walks, visits to botanical or school gardens. It bases the value of field-based botany education on the positive results of monitoring the achievement of cognitive and affective learning goals. It also emphasizes its importance in the relationship between the teacher and the group of students. At the same time, the thesis takes a critical look at field-based botany education through the general and individual barriers to its realization. In the context of the contemporary world, it focuses on the implementation of digital technologies in...
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Educational Apps in Grammar School Biology
Fousková, Karolína ; Novotný, Petr (advisor) ; Bartáček, Tomáš (referee)
The rapid development of digital technologies is also influencing our view of what the content of education should be and what methods should be used to deliver it. The bachelor thesis focuses on the issue of educational applications in the context of teaching biology. The thesis analyses three types of educational applications that are most specific or potentially beneficial for biology - visualisation, virtual laboratories and interactive textbooks. These types of applications are united by their ability to combine attractiveness to fun with didactic content, thanks to which they can positively influence the learning process of the student. For a broader context, the paper also includes a look at the positives and negatives of digital technologies that can be used for teaching. Despite their many advantages, such as rapid feedback, interactivity, collaboration or individualisation, technologies can cause severe health or psychological problems. These effects can be prevented by correct body positioning during use or parental control. The thesis also addresses the question of what expectations are placed on educational applications and technologies. One of the biggest expectations is the motivation of students for the subject. As biology can be more difficult for some students to understand,...
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