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In vitro embryo production in horses
Babická, Dominika ; Šichtař, Jiří (advisor) ; Šimoník, Ondřej (referee)
The aim of this work is to write a literature review covering the latest findings in the field of in vitro embryo production in horses. In order to perform in vitro embryo production, you first need to know the anatomy of a mare and management of sexual activity. Reproductive systém of mares consists of two ovaries, two oviducts, uterus, vagina and vulva. Unlike other livestock, the development of oocytes is in the cortex of the ovary. Sexual activity is driven neurohumoral and production of hormone is ensured by the central nervous system and endocrine glands.
For in vitro embryo production must be obtained first oocytes. These are collected from either the living or the dead mares. For live mares are used ovum pick up (OPU, transvaginal ultrasound guided aspiration), standing flank laparotomy or transcutaneous flank puncture. OPU is a noninvasive method, where each follicle is flushed several times, and in the obtained solution is looked for oocytes. Invasive, but a very successful method for obtaining oocytes is transcutaneous flank puncture. There are three ways for collecting oocytes from abbatoir ovaries - either by slicing ovaries or curettage or aspiration. Very good results in amounts of obtained oocytes was proved by slicing ovaries. First, after collecting oocytes must be sorted according to cumulus-oocyte complex (COC) on compact, expanded or degenerating oocytes. Compact and expanded oocytes are distinguished under a microscope based on the morphology of the edges of this COC. Compact oocytes have a clear line margins, while margins of expanded oocytes are deformed and have heterogeneous cytoplasm. Best results for the production of embryos exhibit expanded oocytes. First, it has to be matured in the medium to the stage of MII. The culture system for oocyte maturation consists of the M199 with Earl's salts, 10% fetal bovine serum and 5 mU - ml of bovine follicle stimulating hormone in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2 in air at 38.2 ° C. It was found out that regardless of the duration of cultivation, results of development of blastocysts after 24 or 48 hours were the same.
Standard IVF in horses can not be performed due to the zona pellucida and sperm capacitation. Therefore it is used intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), when one immobilized sperm is injected directly into the oocyte. Before ICSI sperm capacitation must be done by using the calcium ionophore. Oocytes were further cultured in vitro to the blastocyst stage. Another possibility is to transfer the fertilized oocyte directly to the uterine horn of the mare, or it is used cryopreservation for future.
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Managerial skills
Zdobinský, Lukáš ; Pánek, Pavel (advisor) ; Kříž, Josef (referee)
The Bachelor thesis is devoted to a topic "Management skills". The work is divided into two parts. The theoretical part describes briefly the stages of development from the beginnings till 21st century and levels of management from the first degree to the highest one which it is possible to divide managers into. It characterizes a profile and a manager´s personality which is considered to be a key factor on the way to a success in a modern management. It defines a term manager, characterizes managerial planning functions, an organization, a personal security, management and a supervision which managers carry out during their activity. It depicts managerial roles which are needed for a performance of a certain work in a relation to subordinates, superiors or colleagues. It describes requested skills of a manager who is actively involved in a managing of the business. In conclusion it characterizes a hierarchical structure of relations among individual jobs within organizing divisions and relations among divisions within an organization.
The practical part represents a selected organization. By using a method of a questionnaire survey a selected group of respondents in the organization was given a questionnaire personally. Data were collected anonymously and evaluated. On the grounds of the answers in the questionnaires there were recommended improvements in managerial skills with a possibility of an application leading towards a strengthening of skills, a personal growth and a contribution of a development and meeting the targets of the organization.
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Relationship between dairy cows´ physical activity and conception rate
Pytlík, Jan ; Stádník, Luděk (advisor) ; Toušová, Renata (referee)
The objective of this study was to create a comprehensive compilation of Czech and foreign scientific literature related to the subject of the thesis. Compilation of literature deal with fertility of cattle and factors which affect fertility. Other chapters discuss Czech Pied cattle, reproduction (anatomy and estrus cycle), estrous and relation between physical activity and conception.
Farm researches and subsequent evaluations were part of this bachelor thesis. An information about identification number, date of calving, lactation number, date of insemination, insemination number, period of the highest walking activity, conception, milk yield on the first 100 days of lactation were recorded for each insemination event on 2 farms in Plzeň Region from 2nd November 2015 to 27th December 2015. This data were collected from farm records, herd management softwares and milk recordings. Data on physical activity were obtained from farm management softwares AfiFarm and Westfalia. An information about overall performed 134 inseminations events were collected on farms Zemědělské družstvo Dobříč and Příkosická zemědělská a.s. The data were processed in Microsoft Excel. The aim of research was to evaluate relationship between walking activity, time of insemination and conception rate.
The investigated sample of cows was divided into 3 groups according to time of highest walking activity in relation to insemination. Cows of group period 1 had their highest walking activity more than 6 hours before an insemination. Animals with highest walking activity during less than 6 hours before or less than 6 hours after an insemination were put into group period 2. Highest walking activity more than 6 hours after an insemination led to integration of cows into group period 3.
The best results were correlated with cows in the group period 1. Animals in the group period 2 rank among second best success rate. The lowest results of conception rate are connected to group period 3.
Better reproductive results were found on the farm Zemědělské družstvo Dobříč. Despite comparative difference in obtained reproductive results of each farm the overall average results were comparable with figures of population.
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Application of Lean Six Sigma Tools
Trávníček, Vojtěch ; Zeman, Martin (referee) ; Juřica, Pavel (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with problematic of enterprise process management. Several process management approaches are described in the first, theoretical part of the thesis, with focus on Lean Six Sigma concept as a main theory, which is used in analytical and suggestional part of this thesis. The analytical part consists of process mapping and analyzation with purpose of finding weak spots of this process. This part is followed by suggestional part, where are collected improvement suggestions. These suggestions are then evaluated and the best ones are analzyed to find potential ammount of savings.
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Spanish Vocabulary of Social Webs
VONIČKOVÁ, Zuzana
This bachelor thesis deals with vocabulary in the sphere of social networks and with utterances of Spanish-speaking users. The theoretical part defines key concepts, while the biggest attention is aimed on processes of vocabulary enrichment. Second part of this bachelor thesis is practical, devoting to the analysis of Spanish nomenclature of the social network called Facebook. It further analyses the sample of Spanish communications collected on the previously mentioned social network and provides closer look at several used neologisms.
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Phraseology in folk fairytales of Karel Jaromír Erben and Božena Němcová
VEDRALOVÁ, Martina
The work is divided into theoretical and practical part. Theoretical chapters show the subject of phraseology, the typology of phraseology composites, classification and semantic meaning. Theoretical part also deals with the phraseology from the point of view of famous linguists such as Josef Václav Bečka, František Ladislav Čelakovský or František Čermák etc. Theoretical part also provides information about folk tradition and lifes of Karel Jaromír Erben and Božena Němcová. Practical part deals with searching of phraseology expressions in chosen fairy tales of Karel Jaromír Erben and Božena Němcová. Collected expressions are divided into semantic groups according their semantic features. Some of these expressions belong into several semantic groups and is therefore classified into all groups where its significance belong to. The aim of this work is to analyse whether authors are actively using phraseology and whether and how they match or differ in using of these expressions and whether it is replaced somehow.
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The web application for comparing of telecommunications services
Smeliková, Lenka ; Krajsa, Ondřej (referee) ; Koutný, Martin (advisor)
The theme of this bachelor thesis is to design a web application for comparing providers of telecommunications and multimedia services, especially internet providers. Creation of database, application and collection of the necessary data were the main points for the implementation of semester project. Main goal in the bachelor thesis is the realization of application and database according to pre-collected information and data.
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The changes of Rubisco amount in Norway spruce grown at gradient of altitudes
Tomasz, Teresa ; Vítová, Eva (referee) ; Hrstka, Miroslav (advisor)
The study deals with differences of Rubisco enzyme content in Norway spruce needles (Picea abies L.) growing at different altitudes, thus at different concentrations of carbon dioxide. The collection of samples was performed in Jeseníky by Global Change Research Centre, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. The samples of exposed and shaded needles were collected from 39 spruce trees in three altitudes – low (L), medium (M) and high (H). To separate Rubisco enzyme, the SDS-PAGE method was used, the content od Rubisco was determined by computer densitometry. The results of exposed needles confirmed that Rubisco content decreases with increasing altitude, however, in the case of shaded needles, there was no proof of a significant influence of altitudes on Rubisco enzyme amount. At low altitude, Rubisco content was significantly higher in exposed needles in comparison with shaded needles. At medium and high altitude no significant difference was detected between exposed and shaded needles.
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Implementation of the euro in the Slovak Republic and its impact on entrepreneurial sector
Chlebcová, Simona ; Čajka, Radek (advisor) ; Bolotov, Ilya (referee)
This Bachelor thesis provides us with information about the implementation of the euro in the Slovak Republic with stress on entrepreneurial non-financial sector. The first goal of the thesis is to gather up and consequently evaluate the theoretical findings connected with the stated topic. The second goal is to verify the theoretical findings based on information gathered from a group of respondents to an online questionnaire. The thesis is divided into four chapters. The first chapter is focused on the legislature preparation and the fulfillment of the Maastricht convergence criteria. The rest of the thesis deals with the entrepreneurial sector. The purpose of the second chapter is to classify the entrepreneurial sector and analyse the entrepreneurial environment via international institutions and indexes. Responsibilities of entrepreneurial subjects connected with implementation of the euro are also included in the second chapter. The third chapter examines the impacts of the euro on the entrepreneurial sector by comparing estimations from the period in which Slovak crown was used as the national currency with figures after 2009. The last and practical oriented chapter is based on my own research.
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